中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 5477-5484.doi: 10.12307/2026.726

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端主应力骨小梁的形态计量学分析

曹  孟,李  伦,田思淼,曹  放,宋立群,赵德伟   

  1. 大连大学附属中山医院骨科,辽宁省大连市  116001
  • 接受日期:2025-07-11 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-03-04
  • 通讯作者: 赵德伟,博士,主任医师,博士生导师,大连大学附属中山医院骨科,辽宁省大连市 116001
  • 作者简介:曹孟,男,1988年生,山东省莱芜市人,汉族,南方医科大学在读博士,主治医师,主要从事关节及运动医学研究。

Morphometric analysis of principal stress trabeculae in the proximal femur

Cao Meng, Li Lun, Tian Simiao, Cao Fang, Song Liqun, Zhao Dewei   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-07-11 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-03-04
  • Contact: Zhao Dewei, MD, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Cao Meng, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

形态计量学:是体视学和生物医学组织形态测量学中的交叉分支,依据生理学基础,从组织切片上观察组织结构,相关参数可通过直接测量、计算图像的面像素和体像素而获得,可定性、定量地描述骨小梁的基本形态,是衡量骨小梁结构状态的重要依据,也可客观衡量骨小梁的生物性能。
功能梯度材料:是一种创新材料,其组成和或微观结构在空间上按照设计的规律平滑变化,因此其性能也在空间上逐渐变化,在宏观尺度上没有任何突变的界面,从而满足特定的非均质要求。功能梯度材料是骨科植入物的新兴材料,其机械性能及生物性能均优于均质材料。

摘要
背景:股骨近端的主压力、主张力骨小梁是髋关节传导压应力、张应力的主要结构,具有复杂的非均质结构,探究其微观结构变化规律有助于提高对主应力骨小梁的认识。
目的:通过股骨头标本提取各个区域的骨小梁微结构信息,研究其形态计量学规律,阐明主应力骨小梁的微结构变化规律,为未来新型仿生髋关节假体的设计提供理论依据。
方法:选取11例股骨颈骨折患者的新鲜股骨头,经Micro-CT扫描后使用图像分析软件(InveonTM Acquisition Workplace) 进行重建,分别将主压力、主张力骨小梁划分为5个区域,选取各区的感兴趣容积后,对骨体积分数、骨表面骨体积比、骨小梁厚度、骨小梁数量、骨小梁间隙、骨小梁模式因子、灰度值等进行形态计量学分析。
结果与结论:①主压力骨小梁5区具有最高的骨体积分数、骨小梁厚度、灰度值,4区和1区次之,5区和1区之间上述指标相比差异有显著性意义(均P < 0.05);由3区向2区、1区和4区、5区,骨表面骨体积比、骨小梁数量逐渐减小,而骨小梁厚度逐渐增大;②主张力骨小梁3区具有最高的骨体积分数、骨小梁厚度、骨小梁数量、灰度值,2区各参数与之相反,除灰度值外,两区域之间其余参数相比差异均有显著性意义(均P < 0.001);③此次研究提出了一种可靠的提取主应力骨小梁感兴趣容积的方法,首次提出了主压力骨小梁是一种功能梯度多孔结构的理论,为主压力骨小梁微结构解剖学提供了新的见解,并可能被证明是新型仿生髋关节假体设计的有用信息。



中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 主压力骨小梁, 主张力骨小梁, 髋关节, 形态计量学, 股骨头, 功能梯度材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The principal compressive and tensile trabecular bones in the proximal femur are essential structures responsible for transmitting forces through the hip joint. Given their complex and heterogeneous composition, exploring their microstructural variations will help improve our understanding of principal stress trabeculae.
OBJECTIVE: To extract trabecular microstructural information from various regions of femoral head specimens and study their morphometric patterns, elucidate the microstructural variations of principal stress trabeculae, and provide a theoretical basis for the design of future bionic hip prostheses.
METHODS: Totally 11 fresh femoral heads were obtained from patients with femoral neck fractures. They were scanned by Micro-CT and reconstructed by image analysis software (InveonTM Acquisition Workplace). The principal compressive and tensile trabecular bones were segmented into five regions respectively. After selecting the volumes of interest for each region, morphometric analyses were subsequently performed on bone volume fraction, bone surface area fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular spacing, trabecular pattern factor, and grayscale value.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among the principal compressive trabeculae, Region 5 exhibited the highest bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and grayscale value, followed by Region 4 and 1, with statistically significant differences between Region 5 and 1 (all P < 0.05). Moving from Region 3 to Region 2, 1, and Regions 4, 5, there was a decreasing trend in bone surface area fraction and trabecular number, accompanied by an increasing trend in trabecular thickness. (2) Among the principal tensile trabeculae, Region 3 displayed the highest values for bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and grayscale value, while Region 2 showed opposite trends, with statistically significant differences between the two regions, (excluding grayscale value; all 
P < 0.001). (3) This study proposes a reliable method for extracting the volume of interest of principal stress trabeculae and introduces the novel concept that principal compressive trabeculae represent a functionally graded porous structure. These findings contribute new insights into the anatomical microstructure of principal compressive trabeculae and are expected to guide the future design of bionic hip prostheses.

Key words: principal pressure trabeculae, principal tension trabeculae, hip joint, morphometry, femoral head, functionally graded material

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