中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (19): 5050-5056.doi: 10.12307/2026.391

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

针刺调控干细胞增殖和分化的机制

李文芳1,董孟炜1,靳海珠2,杨万彭1,巴  特3,4,南  楠3,4,刘  杨1,3,4,郝慧琴1,3,4   

  1. 1山西中医药大学基础医学院,山西省晋中市   030619;2山西中医药大学第三临床医学院,山西省晋中市   030619;3山西中医药大学中西医结合基础实验室,山西省晋中市   030619;4山西省中医药交叉创新工程研究中心,山西省晋中市   030619
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-26 接受日期:2025-10-17 出版日期:2026-07-08 发布日期:2026-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 郝慧琴,博士,博士生导师,主任医师,山西中医药大学基础医学院,山西省晋中市 030619;山西中医药大学中西医结合基础实验室,山西省晋中市 030619;山西省中医药交叉创新工程研究中心,山西省晋中市 030619
  • 作者简介:李文芳,女,1998年生,河南省商丘市人,汉族,山西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事中西医结合防治膝骨关节炎基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中医药+干细胞创新工程项目(2024KJZY006),项目负责人:郝慧琴;山西省教育厅科技创新项目(2024L269),项目负责人:巴特;山西省中医药交叉创新工程研究中心(2023-438),项目负责人:郝慧琴

Mechanism of acupuncture regulating proliferation and differentiation of stem cells

Li Wenfang1, Dong Mengwei1, Jin Haizhu2, Yang Wanpeng1, Ba Te3, 4, Nan Nan3, 4, Liu Yang1, 3, 4, Hao Huiqin1, 3, 4   

  1. 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; 2Third Clinical Medical College of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; 3Basic Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; 4Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Cross Innovation Engineering Research Center, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2025-08-26 Accepted:2025-10-17 Online:2026-07-08 Published:2026-02-24
  • Contact: Hao Huiqin, MD, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; Basic Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Cross Innovation Engineering Research Center, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Li Wenfang, Master candidate, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Traditional Chinese Medicine and Stem Cell Innovation Project, No. 2024KJZY006 (to HHQ); Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shanxi Provincial Department of Education, No. 2024L269 (to BT); Shanxi Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Interdisciplinary Innovation Engineering Research Center, No. 2023-438 (to HHQ)

摘要:

文题释义:

间充质干细胞:是一类具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的成体干细胞,主要存在于骨髓、脂肪、脐带、胎盘、牙髓等组织中,广泛用于再生医学研究、心血管疾病和自身免疫病的治疗。
神经干细胞:分布于神经系统,具有增殖和分化潜能,可分化成神经元、少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞等,广泛应用于神经系统疾病研究和治疗中。

摘要
背景:干细胞具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,可通过直接分化或者旁分泌、免疫调节微环境等促进组织的修复。而针刺可以通过多通路协同作用促进干细胞的增殖与分化,拓展了针刺的应用范围。
目的:综述干细胞的种类及其分化潜能,并探讨针刺促进干细胞增殖和分化的作用及机制。
方法:从PubMed数据库和中国知网中检索2025年3月之前的文献,以“Electroacupuncture,Acupuncture,Neural stem cells,Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,Adipose mesenchymal stem cells”为英文检索词,以“电针,针刺,神经干细胞,骨髓间充质干细胞,脂肪间充质干细胞”为中文检索词,纳入与针刺促进干细胞增殖分化相关的文献,排除与主题无关的内容,最终筛选出76篇文献进行归纳分析。
结果与结论:①干细胞属于肾精的范畴,干细胞与肾精起协同作用,可以用于指导肾精亏虚型疾病的治疗,用中医理论解释现代医学;②针刺可以激活多种信号通路和调控生长因子表达从而促进内源性或外源性干细胞的增殖和分化,为临床治疗提供新思路;③尽管针刺在干细胞增殖分化过程中发挥重要作用,然而在应用过程中也面临着众多挑战;干细胞工程化标准的建立与针刺疗法的创新发展是深入探究针刺与干细胞疗法联合作用机制的首要前提,确保治疗效果的稳定性和高效性。

关键词: 电针, 针刺, 神经干细胞, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 脂肪间充质干细胞, 增殖, 分化

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stem cells have the potential for self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation, which can enhance tissue repair through direct differentiation or paracrine and immunomodulatory microenvironments. Acupuncture can promote the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells through multi-pathway synergy, which expands the application range of acupuncture. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the types of stem cells and their differentiation potential, and to explore the role and mechanism of acupuncture in promoting stem cell proliferation and differentiation. 
METHODS: Articles related to acupuncture to promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation published from inception to March 2025 were searched on PubMed and CNKI databases, with “electroacupuncture, acupuncture, neural stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, adipose mesenchymal stem cells” as Chinese and English search terms. After excluding content unrelated to the topic, 76 articles were finally selected for inductive analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Stem cells belong to the category of kidney essence, and stem cells play a synergistic role with kidney essence, which can be used to guide the treatment of kidney essence deficiency disease, and explain modern medicine with traditional Chinese medicine theory. (2) Acupuncture can activate a variety of signaling pathways and regulate the expression of growth factors, thereby promoting the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous or exogenous stem cells, and providing new ideas for clinical treatment. (3) Although acupuncture plays an important role in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, it also faces many challenges in the application process. The establishment of stem cell engineering standards and the innovative development of acupuncture therapy are the primary prerequisites and important means to deeply explore the mechanism of action of acupuncture and stem cell therapy combination therapy, so as to ensure the stability and efficiency of the treatment effect.

Key words: electroacupuncture, acupuncture, neural stem cell, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, adipose mesenchymal stem cell, proliferation, differentiation

中图分类号: