中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (19): 5057-5065.doi: 10.12307/2026.790

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞离体实验模拟运动环境:方法学与信号模拟的技术优势

陈炳奥1,陈洪宝1,解  浩1,丁行磊2,袁  屿1,张加豪1,班伟康1,徐盛豪1,原  阳1   

  1. 曲阜师范大学,1体育科学学院,2生命科学学院,山东省曲阜市  273165
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 接受日期:2025-12-09 出版日期:2026-07-08 发布日期:2026-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 原阳,博士,副教授,曲阜师范大学体育科学学院,山东省曲阜市 273165
  • 作者简介:陈炳奥,男,1999年生,山东省济宁市人,汉族,曲阜师范大学在读硕士,主要从事运动抗老化研究。
  • 基金资助:
    泰山学者人才工程项目(tsqn202312181),项目负责人:原阳;山东省青年创新团队项目(2023RW102),项目负责人:原阳

In vitro simulation of cellular exercise environments: advancements in methodology and signal simulation

Chen Bingao1, Chen Hongbao1, Xie Hao1, Ding Xinglei2, Yuan Yu1, Zhang Jiahao1, Ban Weikang1, Xu Shenghao1, Yuan Yang1   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, 2School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Accepted:2025-12-09 Online:2026-07-08 Published:2026-02-24
  • Contact: Yuan Yang, PhD, Associate professor, School of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Chen Bingao, MS candidate, School of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Taishan Scholars Talent Project, No. tsqn202312181 (to YY); Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Project, No. 2023RW102 (to YY)

摘要:

文题释义:

运动微环境:此文中运动微环境特指运动过程中细胞所处的动态时空环境,包括机械拉伸(幅度1%–20%,频率0.1–1 Hz)、流体剪切力(0.001–3 Pa)、电刺激(1–100 Hz 脉冲)及体液因子(乳酸、白细胞介素6、外泌体等)的综合作用,这些物理、化学与电生理信号共同塑造了细胞代谢调控、基因表达和表型重塑的环境特征。文章强调细胞离体模拟的需求在于如何同时复现上述多模态信号,使它在量值范围和动态节律上与体内状态接近,从而为研究运动诱导的细胞适应机制提供可信平台。
运动模拟物:此文中运动模拟物指代通过人工手段合成或筛选的分子或因子,用以在离体条件下复现运动诱导效应。例如,利用IC7Fc等小分子药物模拟运动后白细胞介素6/白细胞介素15等因子的分泌谱,或通过机械应变诱导干细胞生成富含鸢尾素的外泌体,从而在细胞培养体系中再现运动条件下的代谢和信号转导变化。运动模拟物的作用不仅在于模拟特定因子水平的升降,还能通过高通量筛选和量化建模,标准化再现运动效应,为代谢疾病、肿瘤及再生医学提供新的干预策略。

摘要
背景:随着对运动健康影响的深入理解,运动干预机制的研究逐渐成为重点。传统研究依赖体内动物模型或多组学技术,间接推断运动干预机制,但研究不够深入,且许多疾病模型无法完成预定运动强度。因此,离体细胞运动环境模拟技术尤为重要。现有技术多侧重单一信号复现,未能全面模拟运动中多维信号的交互作用,限制了对运动适应机制的理解。
目的:探讨离体细胞运动环境模拟技术的进展,分析现有各信号模拟的技术优势,提出整合多维信号的新框架,以推动运动机制的精准复现和相关领域的应用研究。 
方法:在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中使用关键词如Exercise,Physiology,Molecular Signals,Myokines,Exerkines等进行检索,筛选研究原著和综述文献,初步检索并去除重复后共得到5 046篇相关文献,再次筛选最终纳入99篇文献。
结果与结论:现有的离体细胞运动模拟技术在模拟运动的某些特定属性(如机械拉伸、电信号等)方面取得了一定进展,但仍未能全面复现运动过程中的多维信号交互作用。通过整合机械力、电生理刺激和生物因子等多种信号,未来的模拟技术有望更真实地再现运动对细胞代谢、基因表达和表型重塑的影响,为运动机制的研究提供更精准的实验平台。此外,离体运动模拟技术的创新和优化将为运动医学、药物开发及再生医学等领域提供重要支持。

关键词: 运动, 细胞运动环境, 离体细胞, 运动模拟, 机械刺激, 电生理刺激, 运动因子

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With an increasing understanding of the health benefits of exercise, research on the mechanisms of exercise intervention has become a focal point. Traditional studies rely on in vivo animal models or multi-omics techniques to indirectly infer exercise intervention mechanisms, but the research is not in-depth enough, and many disease models cannot achieve the prescribed exercise intensity. Therefore, in vitro cell-based exercise environment simulation techniques are of particular significance. Existing technologies primarily focus on the replication of single signals, failing to comprehensively simulate the interaction of multi-dimensional signals during exercise, which limits the understanding of exercise adaptation mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the technological advancements in in vitro cell-based exercise environment simulation, analyze the advantages of existing signal simulation techniques, and propose a new framework integrating multi-dimensional signals to promote the precise replication of exercise mechanisms and application research in related fields.
METHODS: This study conducted a search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using keywords such as Exercise, Physiology, Molecular Signals, Myokines, Exerkines, etc. Relevant original research and review articles were selected, and after the initial search and removal of duplicates, a total of 5 046 related articles were identified. After further screening, 99 articles were ultimately included in the study.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Existing in vitro cell-based exercise simulation technologies have made progress in replicating certain specific attributes of exercise, such as mechanical stretch and electrical signals. However, these technologies have yet to fully replicate the multi-dimensional signal interactions that occur during exercise. By integrating mechanical forces, electrophysiological stimulation, and bioactive factors, future simulation technologies are expected to more accurately replicate the impact of exercise on cell metabolism, gene expression, and phenotypic shaping, providing a more precise experimental platform for studying exercise mechanisms. Moreover, innovations and optimizations in in vitro exercise simulation technologies will offer crucial support for exercise medicine, drug development, and regenerative medicine.

Key words: ">exercise, cellular exercise environment, in vitro cells, exercise simulation, mechanical stimulation, electrophysiological stimulation, exercise factors

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