中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1248-1256.doi: 10.12307/2025.305

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

不同运动方式促进周围神经损伤后的功能恢复

赵晓璇1,刘帅祎1,李  奇2,邢  政2,李庆雯1,褚晓蕾2   

  1. 1天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津市  301617;2天津市天津医院,天津市  300211


  • 收稿日期:2024-01-23 接受日期:2024-04-03 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2024-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 李庆雯,博士,教授,天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津市 301617
  • 作者简介:赵晓璇,女,1999年生,天津市人,汉族,天津体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动康复、周围神经损伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“生物与信息融合(BT与IT融合)”重点专项项目(2023YFF1205200),项目参与人:邢政;天津市自然科学基金面上项目(22JCYBJC00210),项目负责人:李奇;天津市自然科学基金面上项目(22JCYBJC00220),项目负责人:
    褚晓蕾

Different exercise modalities promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury

Zhao Xiaoxuan1, Liu Shuaiyi1, Li Qi2, Xing Zheng2, Li Qingwen1, Chu Xiaolei2   

  1. 1College of Exercise & Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Received:2024-01-23 Accepted:2024-04-03 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2024-06-22
  • Contact: Li Qingwen, PhD, Professor, College of Exercise & Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • About author:Zhao Xiaoxuan, Master candidate, College of Exercise & Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2023YFF1205200 (to XZ [project participant]); Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation (General Program), Nos. 22JCYBJC00210 (to LQ) and 22JCYBJC00220 (to CXL) 

摘要:




文题释义:
周围神经损伤:是指大脑和脊髓以外的神经受到外界直接或间接力量作用而发生的损伤,这种损伤可以发生在神经细胞体、轴突、髓鞘等部位,会造成运动、感觉、自主神经功能障碍,是临床常见的疾病之一。治疗方法包括药物治疗、物理治疗、康复训练等,严重情况可能需要手术干预。
血流限制运动:通过充气袖带或弹性绷带等特殊装置对肢体近端施加外部压力的方式,通过减少血流引起机体缺血,增加快肌纤维的募集,提高骨骼肌局部激素的释放以及骨骼肌细胞产生,达到增强肌肉力量和体积、提升机体功能的效果。

背景:运动作为一种主动康复的方式可以改善周围神经损伤导致的功能障碍,而不同运动方式针对的病变部位及恢复机制不同。
目的:综合分析不同运动方式在周围神经损伤功能恢复中的应用及机制。
方法:应用计算机检索中国知网、PubMed数据库建库时间至2024年1月期间的相关文献,英文检索词为“peripheral nerves injury,spinal cord,exercise,cerebral cortex,muscle atrophy,mirror therapy,blood flow restriction training”,中文检索词为“周围神经损伤,脊髓,大脑皮质,肌肉萎缩,有氧运动,血流限制,镜像运动”,最终纳入77篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:周围神经损伤后会引起其支配骨骼肌萎缩、相应脊髓节段病变、感觉运动皮质重塑等系统性的病理变化。有氧运动可以加强免疫反应,促进神经胶质细胞极化以及神经生长因子的释放,改善功能障碍。血流限制运动可以调节肌肉生长因子的分泌,促进肌肉生长及增强肌肉力量。镜像运动在激活大脑皮质、减少皮质重塑方面有良好的作用。不同运动方式在周围神经损伤功能恢复中具有潜在的益处,然而目前仍存在一些问题和挑战,例如运动方式的选择、运动强度和频率的控制及机制的详细解析等。
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7264-6913(赵晓璇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 周围神经损伤, 脊髓, 大脑皮质, 肌肉萎缩, 有氧运动, 血流限制, 镜像运动, 机制

Abstract:
BACKGROUND:
Exercise as a form of active rehabilitation can improve the dysfunction caused by peripheral nerve injury, and different exercise modalities target different lesion sites and recovery mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively analyze the application and mechanisms of different exercise modalities in functional recovery from peripheral nerve injury.
METHODS: A computerized search was conducted in PubMed and CNKI databases for relevant literature published before January 2024. The search terms used were “peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord, exercise, cerebral cortex, muscle atrophy, mirror therapy, blood flow restriction training” in both English and Chinese. Finally, 77 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Peripheral nerve injury can cause systemic pathological changes such as skeletal muscle atrophy, corresponding spinal cord segmental lesions, and sensorimotor cortex remodeling. Aerobic exercise can improve dysfunction by enhancing the immune response, promoting glial cell polarization, and promoting the release of nerve growth factor. Blood flow restriction exercise can regulate the secretion of muscle growth factor, promote muscle growth and enhance muscle strength. Mirror movement has a good effect in activating the cerebral cortex and reducing cortical remodeling. Different exercise modalities have potential benefits in functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury; however, there are still some problems and challenges, such as the choice of exercise modalities, the control of exercise intensity and frequency, and the detailed analysis of mechanisms.

Key words: peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord, cerebral cortex, muscle atrophy, aerobic exercise, blood flow restriction, mirror therapy, mechanism

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