中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1239-1247.doi: 10.12307/2025.299

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

ACSL4介导铁死亡及在动脉粥样硬化性心血管病中的潜在作用

高  洋1,秦合伟1,2,刘丹丹1   

  1. 1河南中医药大学康复医学院,河南省郑州市  450046;2河南中医药大学第二附属医院,河南省郑州市  450000

  • 收稿日期:2024-01-16 接受日期:2024-03-27 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2024-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 秦合伟,博士,副主任医师,河南中医药大学康复医学院,河南省郑州市 450046;河南中医药大学第二附属医院,河南省郑州市450000
  • 作者简介:高洋,女,2000年生,硕士,主要从事心血管病的临床康复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82374551),项目负责人:秦合伟;河南省高等学校重点科研项目(24B360003),项目负责人:秦合伟;中原英才计划中原青年拔尖人才资助(豫组通[2021]44号),项目负责人:秦合伟;河南省中医药拔尖人才培养项目资助(豫卫中医函[2021]15号),项目负责人:秦合伟;河南中医药大学研究生科研创新项目(2023KYCX079),项目负责人:高洋

ACSL4 mediates ferroptosis and its potential role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Gao Yang1, Qin Hewei1, 2, Liu Dandan1    

  1. 1School of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2024-01-16 Accepted:2024-03-27 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2024-06-22
  • Contact: Qin Hewei, MD, Associate chief physician, School of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Gao Yang, Master, School of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82374551 (to QHW); Key Research Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province, No. 24B360003 (to QHW); Central Plains Talent Program for Young Top Talents, No. [2021]44 (to QHW); Henan Province Chinese Medicine Top Talent Training Program, No. [2021]15 (to QHW); Henan University of Chinese Medicine Postgraduate Research Innovation Program, No. 2023KYCX079 (to GY)

摘要:




文题释义:
动脉粥样硬化:是冠状动脉疾病、脑卒中等心脑血管疾病发生的重要病理基础,对人类健康构成严重威胁,其发病机制复杂,脂质代谢异常、氧化应激和慢性炎症为主要病理因素。
铁死亡:是一种区别于细胞凋亡、自噬和焦亡等死亡方式的新型细胞程序性死亡,其发生机制为在二价铁离子介导的芬顿反应或酯氧合酶的作用下,催化多不饱和脂肪酸发生脂质过氧化,细胞膜上活性氧化物积累从而诱导细胞死亡。而ACSL4参与形成的脂酰基辅酶A衍生物是激活脂肪酸进行脂质过氧化并执行铁死亡必不可少的中间事件。

背景:铁死亡是一种铁依赖性调节细胞死亡形式,其特征是铁依赖性脂质过氧化,长链酰基辅酶A合酶4参与脂质过氧化底物的形成进而导致铁死亡。近几年研究表明,长链酰基辅酶A合酶4介导铁死亡在动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病中发挥关键作用。
目的:总结长链酰基辅酶A合酶4的结构功能和调控机制及其介导铁死亡的潜在分子机制,阐述长链酰基辅酶A合酶4驱动铁死亡在动脉粥样硬化、缺血性脑卒中和心肌梗死中的应用,以期为治疗动脉粥样硬化心血管疾病提供新的治疗策略。
方法:在PubMed数据库检索自建库起至2023年8月收录的相关文献,以“atherosclerosis,ferroptosis,long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthase 4,ACSL4,glutathione peroxidase 4,ischemic stroke,myocardial infarction,endothelial cell,smooth muscle cells,foam cell”为检索词,最终纳入76篇文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①长链酰基辅酶A合酶4参与形成多不饱和脂肪酸的辅酶衍生物并将其插入磷脂,为铁死亡发生的核心机制脂质过氧化提供底物;②在长链酰基辅酶A合酶4表达的调节因子中,整合素α6β4、细胞内囊泡转运因子p115、锌脂蛋白A20负调控其表达,同时多种miR通过结合3′-UTR下调其表达,相反长链酰基辅酶A合酶4的表达上调大部分通过转录因子转录调控;③长链酰基辅酶A合酶4依赖性生成含有多不饱和脂肪酸的磷脂是脂质过氧化并执行铁死亡必不可少的必要条件,且长链酰基辅酶A合酶4与谷胱甘肽过氧化酶4作为铁死亡的正负调控因子相互制约,其具体机制仍待进一步研究;④长链酰基辅酶A合酶4介导铁死亡参与动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、缺血性脑卒中的病理机制,动脉粥样硬化中内皮细胞损伤与长链酰基辅酶A合酶4介导的铁死亡密切相关,但长链酰基辅酶A合酶4参与泡沫细胞形成、平滑肌细胞表型转化、钙化的研究尚未见报道;⑤长链酰基辅酶A合酶4作为铁死亡的生物标志物和潜在靶点成为研究热点,靶向长链酰基辅酶A合酶4抑制铁死亡可能成为治疗动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的新方向,而抑制长链酰基辅酶A合酶4的药物研究较少,未来还需进一步研究。
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0039-7843(高洋)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 动脉粥样硬化, 长链酰基辅酶A合酶4, 铁死亡, 脂质过氧化, 内皮细胞, 泡沫细胞形成, 平滑肌细胞, 缺血性脑卒中, 心肌梗死

Abstract:
BACKGROUND:
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthase 4 (ACSL4) is involved in the formation of lipid peroxidation substrates, thereby resulting in ferroptosis. Recent studies have shown that ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis plays a key role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the structural function and regulatory mechanism of ACSL4 and its potential molecular mechanism mediating ferroptosis, and to elaborate the application of ACSL4 driving ferroptosis in atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, in order to provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
METHODS: Relevant literature was searched in PubMed database from database inception to August 2023 using the keywords of “atherosclerosis, ferroptosis, long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthase 4, ACSL4, glutathione peroxidase 4, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, endothelial cell, smooth muscle cells, foam cell.” Finally, 76 documents were included for review and analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ACSL4 participates in the formation of coenzyme derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids and inserts them into phospholipids to provide substrates for lipid peroxidation, the core mechanism of iron death. Among the regulatory factors of ACSL4 expression, integrin α6β4, intracellular vesicular transport factor p115, and zinc lipoprotein A20 negatively regulate its expression. Meanwhile, multiple miRs down-regulate its expression by binding to 3’-UTR. On the contrary, up-regulation of ACSL4 is mostly regulated by transcription factors. ACSL4-dependent production of phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids is an essential prerequisite for lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Moreover, ACSL4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 are mutually dependent as positive and negative regulators of ferroptosis, and their specific mechanisms remain to be further studied. ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis is involved in the pathological mechanism of atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, and myocardial infarction. Endothelial cell injury in atherosclerosis is closely related to ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis, but there are no reports on the involvement of ACSL4 in foam cell formation, smooth muscle cell phenotype transformation, and calcification. ACSL4 has become a research hotspot as a biomarker and potential target of ferroptosis. Targeting ACSL4 to inhibit ferroptosis may become a new direction for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, there are few studies on drugs inhibiting ACSL4, and further studies are needed in the future.

Key words: atherosclerosis, long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthase 4, ferroptosis, lipid peroxidation, endothelial cell, foam cell formation, smooth muscle cell, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction

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