中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (31): 6765-6771.doi: 10.12307/2025.541

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡刺激成骨细胞、抑制破骨细胞并促进成骨

药文鑫1,王  毅1,2,蔡  林2,冯晓波1   

  1. 武汉大学中南医院,1疼痛科,2脊柱与骨肿瘤科,湖北省武汉市   430071
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-15 接受日期:2024-07-26 出版日期:2025-11-08 发布日期:2025-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 王毅,博士后,主治医师,武汉大学中南医院,疼痛科,脊柱与骨肿瘤科,湖北省武汉市 430071; 通讯作者:蔡林,博士,教授,武汉大学中南医院脊柱与骨肿瘤科,湖北省武汉市 430071; 通讯作者:冯晓波,博士,主任医师,武汉大学中南医院疼痛科,湖北省武汉市 430071
  • 作者简介:药文鑫,女,2002年生,辽宁省朝阳市人,汉族,武汉大学在读硕士,主要从事骨质疏松与疼痛方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    武汉大学中南医院科技成果转化基金项目(LCYFMS2024002),项目负责人:冯晓波;武汉大学中南医院优博基金项目(ZNYB2023004),项目负责人:王毅

Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles stimulate osteoblasts, inhibit osteoclasts, and promote osteogenesis

Yao Wenxin1, Wang Yi1, 2, Cai Lin2, Feng Xiaobo1   

  1. 1Department of Pain Management, 2Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2024-05-15 Accepted:2024-07-26 Online:2025-11-08 Published:2025-02-27
  • Contact: Wang Yi, MD, Attending physician, Department of Pain Management, and Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Corresponding author: Cai Lin, MD, Professor, Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Corresponding author: Feng Xiaobo, MD, Chief physician, Department of Pain Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Yao Wenxin, Master candidate, Department of Pain Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Fund for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. LCYFMS2024002 (to FXB); Excellent Doctor Fund Project of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. ZNYB2023004 (to WY)

摘要:

文题释义:

骨质疏松症:由多种发病机制共同导致的骨骼全身性疾病,特点是骨量流失和骨骼微结构破坏。骨质疏松症分为原发性和继发性2大类。原发性骨质疏松症包括绝经后骨质疏松症、老年骨质疏松症和特发性骨质疏松症。绝经后骨质疏松症一般发生在女性绝经后5-10年内;老年骨质疏松症一般指70岁以后发生的骨质疏松;特发性骨质疏松症主要发生在青少年,病因尚未明。继发性骨质疏松症指由影响骨代谢的疾病或药物或其他明确病因导致的骨质疏松。 
植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡:源于植物真核细胞的多囊泡胞内体,通过多囊泡胞内体与细胞表面融合释放到细胞外的一种膜性小囊泡,直径在30-100 nm,呈杯口状或茶托状,其内含有蛋白质、脂质和核酸等物质,在抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗纤维化、抗病毒等多个方面发挥显著的调控作用。最新研究表明,植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡能够通过多种机制调控骨代谢,进而有效实现抗骨质疏松的作用。

摘要
背景:骨质疏松症易引发病理性骨折且严重影响患者的生活质量,植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡在调节骨质疏松症骨平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
目的:综述不同植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡在骨质疏松症治疗中的研究现状与展望。
方法:通过计算机在PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网中检索1995年1月至2024年3月发表的相关文献,以“osteoporosis,plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles,exosomes,osteoblasts,osteoclasts”为英文检索词,以“骨质疏松症,植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡,外泌体,成骨细胞,破骨细胞”为中文检索词,最终纳入53篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡具有生物相容性、低毒性和天然靶向性等优点,这些特性不仅确保了其在体内的稳定存在与有效作用,还避免了不必要的免疫反应,为长期治疗策略的设计奠定了基础。植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡可以通过刺激成骨细胞增殖、抑制破骨细胞分化以及促进成骨-抑制破骨双重作用抗骨质疏松症;此外,部分植物源外泌体样纳米囊泡因具有骨靶向性,未来或将成为新型示踪靶标和治疗方案广泛应用于骨质疏松症治疗过程中。

关键词: 骨质疏松症, 植物源性外泌体样纳米囊泡, 外泌体, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 工程化外泌体

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis affects the quality of life of patients and is prone to pathological fractures, and plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles play an important role in regulating bone balance in patients with osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research status and prospect of different plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles in the treatment of osteoporosis. 
METHODS: Relevant literature in PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched by computer. Search time was from January 1995 to March 2024. The Chinese and English search terms were “osteoporosis, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, exosomes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts.” Finally, 53 articles were included and analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Plant-derived exosom-like nanovesicles have the advantages of low biocompatibility, low toxicity, and natural targeting. These properties not only ensure its stable presence and effective effect in the body, but also avoid unnecessary immune responses, laying the foundation for the design of long-term treatment strategies. Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles can be anti-osteoporosis by stimulating osteoblast proliferation, inhibiting osteoclast differentiation, and promoting osteo-inhibition osteoclasts. In addition, some plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles may be widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in the future as novel tracer targets and treatment options due to their bone-targeting.

Key words: osteoporosis, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicle, exosome, osteoblast, osteoclast, engineered exosome

中图分类号: