中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (24): 5102-5108.doi: 10.12307/2025.730

• 口腔组织构建 oral tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印导板引导正畸微种植钉植入的精确性

樊佳兵1,付雪飞1,张军梅1,周索頔2,莫朝伦1   

  1. 1贵州医科大学附属口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市  550004;2贵州医科大学附属乌当医院,贵州省贵阳市  550018

  • 收稿日期:2024-06-25 接受日期:2024-09-06 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 通讯作者: 莫朝伦,硕士,主治医师,贵州医科大学附属口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:樊佳兵,男,1993年生,贵州省毕节市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事数字化技术在口腔正畸临床的应用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省卫健委科学基金项目(gzwkj2022-424),项目负责人:樊佳兵

Accuracy of orthodontic micro-implant placement guided by a 3D-printed guide plate

Fan Jiabing1, Fu Xuefei1, Zhang Junmei1, Zhou Suodi2, Mo Chaolun1   

  1. 1Stomatology Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Affiliated Wudang Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550018, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-25 Accepted:2024-09-06 Online:2025-08-28 Published:2025-01-23
  • Contact: Mo Chaolun, MS, Attending physician, Stomatology Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Fan Jiabing, MS, Attending physician, Stomatology Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    1Stomatology Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Affiliated Wudang Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550018, Guizhou Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:
支抗:在正畸矫治过程中,任何施于施治牙使其移动的力必然同时产生一个方向相反、大小相同的力,而支持这种移动矫正牙体引起反作用力的情况称作“支抗”,实际上支抗是一个提供产生牙齿矫治力的基础。一般在正畸治疗中,支抗部分主要是由非矫治牙组成,腭部及牙槽也可作为支抗部分。
医学数字成像和通信:是医学图像和相关信息的国际标准(ISO 12052),定义了质量能满足临床需要的可用于数据交换的医学图像格式,被广泛应用于放射医疗、心血管成像以及放射诊疗诊断设备(X射线,CT,核磁共振,超声等),并且在眼科和牙科等医学领域得到越来越深入广泛的应用。

背景:微种植体体积较小,在进行植入手术时可能会伤及上颌窦、相邻牙根及下颌神经,这要求在微种植体植入手术时需要精确的定位、准确的植入方向。
目的:探讨基于锥形束CT的3D打印导板引导正畸微种植钉植入的临床应用价值。
方法:选择2021年12月至2023年12月贵州医科大学附属口腔医院收治的需植入微种植体增强支抗患者16例,收集患者眼眶下缘至舌骨水平的牙颌锥形束CT扫描数据,将数据导入Mimics 17.0进行阈值分割,获取牙冠、牙根及骨皮质三维模型,使用iTero口腔扫描仪扫描获得患者口内软硬组织的数字模型,将CT影像与口扫模型进行优化重叠,设计、制作3D打印微种植体导板,在微种植体导板引导下植入微种植体16枚。术后进行锥形束CT拍摄,通过术后锥形束CT三维重建,选取微种植体与牙体最接近的层面进行距离测量,评估微种植的安全性;对比手术前后锥形束CT影像,测量微种植钉冠部、尖部偏差及微种植钉冠部与尖部角度偏差。正畸随访6个月,记录微种植体松动及脱落情况。
结果与结论:术后影像显示16颗支抗钉未与牙根或邻近组织接触,手术前后影像对比显示,支抗钉帽端距离偏差为(1.07±0.65) mm,支抗钉尖端距离偏差为(1.51±0.47) mm,微种植钉冠部与尖部角度偏差为(7.40±4.63)°,微种植体与牙体最接近的层面距离为(1.17±0.45) mm,安全性Ⅰ级10颗,安全性Ⅱ级3颗。随访结果显示16颗微种植钉未出现松动、脱落情况,稳定性良好。结果表明,基于锥形束CT的3D打印导板引导正畸微种植钉植入具有良好的精确性与稳定性。

关键词: 锥形束CT, 微种植钉, 导板, 正畸, 计算机辅助设计与制作, 工程化口腔材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Micro-implants of a small size may injure the maxillary sinus, adjacent tooth roots and mandibular nerves during implantation surgery, which requires precise positioning and accurate implant orientation.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical value of a cone-beam CT-based three-dimensional (3D) printing guide plate for guiding orthodontic micro-implant nail implantation.
METHODS: Sixteen patients admitted to the Stomatology Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from December 2021 to December 2023 who required implantation of micro-implant anchorage were selected. The CT scan data of the patient’s dental jaw from the infraorbital margin to the hyoid bone were collected and imported into Mimics 17.0 for threshold segmentation to obtain a 3D model of the crowns, roots, and bone cortex, and a digital model of the patient’s intra-oral hard and soft tissues was scanned with the iTero Oral Scanner. The CT images were optimally overlapped with the intraoral scan model to design and fabricate a micro-implant guide plate. Sixteen implants were placed under the guidance of this plate. Postoperative cone-beam CT images were taken for 3D reconstruction and distance between the micro-implant and the layer closest to the tooth was measured to assess the safety of micro-implants. Cone-beam CT images were compared before and after surgery, and deviation between micro-implant crown and tip and angle deviation between micro-implant crown and tip were measured. Orthodontic follow-up was performed for 6 months to record micro-implant loosening and detachment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No contact between the 16 anchorage nails and the tooth root or adjacent tissues was found in the postoperative images. Results of the comparison of preoperative and postoperative images indicated that the cap end deviation was (1.07±0.65) mm, the tip deviation was (1.51±0.47) mm, the angle deviation was (7.40±4.63)°, and the distance between the micro-implant and the layer closest to the tooth was (1.17±0.45) mm. There were 10 micro-implants of safety grade I and 3 of safety grade II. During the follow-up period, the 16 micro-implants did not loosen or fall off and had good stability. The orthodontic implant guide plate based on conical beam CT design can be used for implant implantation, and the preliminary study shows that the implant implantation guided by the guide plate is safe and stable. To conclude, the orthodontic micro-implant implantation guided by cone-beam CT based 3D printed guide plate has good accuracy and stability.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: cone-beam CT, micro-implant nail, guide plate, orthodontics, computer aided design and production, engineered oral material

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