中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 922-926.doi: 10.12307/2023.763

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印导板技术联合多次去旋转治疗重度僵硬性脊柱侧凸

张之栋,祁家龙,裴少保,马  力,王善松,刘艺明   

  1. 合肥市第一人民医院脊柱外科,安徽省合肥市   230061
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23 接受日期:2022-12-24 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 张之栋,博士,主任医师,合肥市第一人民医院脊柱外科,安徽省合肥市 230061
  • 作者简介:张之栋,男,1971年生,安徽省宿州市人,汉族,2005年南京中医药大学毕业,博士,主任医师,主要从事脊柱退变性疾病方面的研究。

3D printed guide template technique combined with multiple derotation for severe rigid scoliosis

Zhang Zhidong, Qi Jialong, Pei Shaobao, Ma Li, Wang Shansong, Liu Yiming   

  1. Department of Spinal Surgery, Hefei First People’s Hospital, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2022-09-23 Accepted:2022-12-24 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2023-07-12
  • Contact: Zhang Zhidong, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Hefei First People’s Hospital, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Zhidong, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Hefei First People’s Hospital, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

3D打印导板技术:利用术前CT扫描建模,术前规划设计需要置钉的关键椎及螺钉的直径、方向和深度,预制导向模板,术中根据导向模板置钉,很好地控制螺钉的方向和深度,具有置钉准确性高等优势。导板采用聚乳酸材质,可满足医用无菌消毒。3D打印导板在追求个性化、精准化的现代医疗中发挥重要作用。
多次去旋转技术:针对重度脊柱侧弯,术后矫形难度较大,无法一次矫形到位。多次转棒去旋转可通过蠕变效应使得变形椎体周围的肌肉、韧带、椎间盘得到松解,对抗矫形的阻力减少,实现最大程度的矫形效果,不容易出现螺钉松动等并发症。


背景:近年来,随着3D打印技术的发展,使得外科手术走向个性化、精准化。3D打印导板技术可实现术前规划、术中导航,使得外科手术更加精准。临床中重度僵硬性脊柱侧弯矫形术中仍面临置钉准确性不高导致螺钉松动甚至引起神经并发症的问题,现有关于3D 打印导板技术指导重度僵硬性脊柱侧弯术中置钉的研究不多。

目的:评价3D打印导向模板技术联合后路多次去旋转治疗重度僵硬性脊柱侧凸的临床效果。
方法:回顾性分析3D打印导向模板椎弓根螺钉置入后联合施行后路多次转棒去旋转技术治疗重度脊柱侧凸6例患者的临床资料,男3例,女3例,手术时年龄15-23岁,平均(18.17±3.49)岁。分析术后2周和术后18个月时脊柱侧弯相关参数的变化,进行统计学分析。

结果与结论:①手术时间280-540 min,平均(340.83±102.20) min,术中出血量1 000-4 000 mL,平均(2 000.00±1 073.70) mL,固定节段9-14个椎体,平均(11.83±1.72)个椎体,矫形过程中未出现螺钉松动;②所有患者均获得随访,术后2周全脊柱正侧位片显示冠状位主弯的cobb角、冠状面C7铅垂线和S1正中线的距离、矢状面C7铅垂线和S1后缘的距离、顶椎偏移、胸椎后凸角、腰椎前凸角均获得明显矫正,主弯的cobb角平均矫正率62.22%,术后18个月随访各参数较术后2周无明显变化,矫形效果满意,无感染和内固定断裂;③围术期切口延迟愈合1例,经过换药处理瘢痕愈合,未出现神经并发症;④结果表明3D打印导向模板结合后路多次转棒去旋转技术治疗重度僵硬性脊柱侧凸畸形安全有效,矫形效果满意。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-1522 (张之栋) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 重度僵硬性脊柱侧凸, 去旋转, 3D打印导板技术, 肋骨切除术, CT三维重建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, with the development of 3D printing, surgical surgery has become personalized and accurate. 3D printed guide template technique can realize preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation, making surgery more accurate. In clinical orthopedic surgery for moderate and severe stiff scoliosis, there is still a problem that the accuracy of screw placement is not high, resulting in screw loosening and even nerve complications. There are few studies on 3D printed guide template technique to guide screw placement in surgery for severe stiff scoliosis.  
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of the 3D printed guide template technique combined with multiple posterior derotation in the treatment of severe rigid scoliosis.
METHODS: The clinical data of six patients with severe scoliosis undergoing 3D printed guide template technique of pedicle screw combined with multiple posterior derotation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 3 males and 3 females, with a mean age of (18.17±3.49) years (range, 15-23 years). The changes of parameters related to lateral bending were analyzed at postoperative 2 weeks and 18 months, and the results were obtained by statistical analysis.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time was 280-540 minutes (mean 340.83±102.20 minutes). The intraoperative blood loss was 1 000-4 000 mL (mean 2 000.00±1 073.70 mL). The fixed segments were 9-14 vertebral bodies (mean 11.83±1.72), and no screw loosening occurred during the operation. (2) All patients were followed up. At postoperative 2 weeks, the anteroposterior and lateral radiography of the whole spine showed that the cobb angle, the distance between the vertical line of C7 on the coronal plane and the median line of S1, the distance between the vertical line of C7 in the sagittal plane and the posterior edge of S1, apical vertebral translation, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis were significantly corrected. The average correction rate of the cobb angle in the main curve was 62.22%. After 18 months of follow-up, there was no significant change in all parameters compared with 2 weeks after operation; the orthopedic effect was satisfactory, and there was no infection or internal fixation fracture. (3) There was one case of delayed wound healing; scar healing appeared after dressing change treatment; no neurological complications occurred. (4) The results show that the 3D print-guide template combined with multiple posterior rod derotation technique is safe and effective in the treatment of severe rigid scoliosis, and the correction effect is satisfactory.

Key words: severe rigid scoliosis, derotation, 3D printed guide template technique, rib resection, CT three-dimensional reconstruction

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