中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (13): 2720-2727.doi: 10.12307/2025.088

• 干细胞培养与分化 stem cell culture and differentiation • 上一篇    下一篇

Hopx 报告基因小鼠谱系示踪乳腺干细胞

石建云1,李文静1,彭  映1,贾振华1,张书锦1,谭露露1,原一桐2,杜若琛2   

  1. 1山西医科大学细胞生理学教育部重点实验室,内分泌代谢病山西省重点实验室,山西医科大学生理学系,山西省太原市   030001;2山西医科大学细胞生理学教育部重点实验室,山西医科大学动物中心,山西省太原市   030001
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-02 接受日期:2024-05-16 出版日期:2025-05-08 发布日期:2024-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 杜若琛,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,山西医科大学细胞生理学教育部重点实验室,山西医科大学动物中心,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:石建云,女,1988年生,山西省太原市人,汉族,中国农业大学毕业,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事组织损伤修复再生的机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82002063),项目负责人:石建云;山西省青年科学基金项目(201901D211316, 201901D211319,20210302124172),项目负责人:石建云,原一桐,杜若琛;山西省级博士启动基金项目(SD1809),项目负责人:石建云;山西医科大学校级博士启动基金项目(XD1809),项目负责人:石建云;内分泌代谢病山西省重点实验室开放基金项目(202104010910009),项目负责人:石建云

Lineage tracing for mammary stem cells using Hopx reporter mice

Shi Jianyun1, Li Wenjing1, Peng Ying1, Jia Zhenhua1, Zhang Shujin1, Tan Lulu1, Yuan Yitong2, Du Ruochen2   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province, and Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2024-01-02 Accepted:2024-05-16 Online:2025-05-08 Published:2024-09-11
  • Contact: Du Ruochen, MD, Lecturer, Master’s supervisor, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Shi Jianyun, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province, and Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82002063 (to SJY); Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths, No. 201901D211316, 201901D211319, 20210302124172 (to SJY, YYT, DRC); Shanxi Provincial Doctoral Start-up Fund Project, No. SD1809 (to SJY); a grant from Science Research Start-up Fund for Doctor of Shanxi Medical University, No. XD1809 (to SJY); a grant from Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province, No. 202104010910009 (to SJY)

摘要:

文题释义:

乳腺干细胞:属于成体干细胞的一种,是指处于静止状态但能够进行自我更新且具有分化形成有功能乳腺的一种细胞类型,在乳腺组织的发育和稳态维持过程中发挥十分重要的功能。
细胞谱系示踪:是指利用包含诱导性重组酶Cre/loxp系统在内的各种方式对细胞进行标记,从而对包括其后代所有的细胞增殖与分化情况以及细胞迁移等活动实现定时定点的追踪和观察。

摘要
背景:乳腺干细胞对于乳腺组织的发育和稳态维持十分重要。乳腺癌的发生与乳腺干细胞有着紧密联系。最新研究表明,Hopx作为形态发生和细胞分化的重要转录调节因子已被证实在神经、肠道、毛囊等多种成体干细胞中表达,然而其在乳腺中的作用至今尚未见报道。
目的:探究Hopx是否可以作为乳腺干细胞的特异性标志物。
方法:①选取8周龄雌性Hopx-LacZ转基因小鼠,利用β-半乳糖苷酶染色检测Hopx在乳腺组织中的本底表达情况。②选取4周龄、6周龄、8周龄及妊娠14.5 d的雌性野生型小鼠,分别进行乳腺全组织洋红染色及K14、K8免疫荧光染色。③选取8周龄与妊娠17.5 d的雌性Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠,进行乳腺β-半乳糖苷酶染色。④选取4周龄雌性Hopx-CreERT2;Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠,通过腹腔注射他莫昔芬(隔天注射1次,注射3次)来激活Cre/loxp系统,注射后4周进行乳腺β-半乳糖苷酶染色;选取8周龄雌性Hopx-CreERT2;Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠,通过腹腔注射他莫昔芬(隔天注射1次,注射3次)来激活Cre/loxp系统,末次注射后4,10周进行乳腺β-半乳糖苷酶染色。⑤选取8周龄雌性Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠,通过腹腔注射他莫昔芬(隔天注射1次,注射3次)来激活Cre/loxp系统,注射后2周使Hopx-CreERT2;Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠怀孕,对第1次妊娠17.5 d、第3次妊娠17.5 d的小鼠乳腺组织进行β-半乳糖苷酶染色。
结果与结论:①β-半乳糖苷酶染色结果显示,8周龄Hopx-LacZ转基因小鼠的乳腺导管内确实含有Hopx阳性细胞且位于基底上皮,数量较少。②乳腺全组织染色及免疫荧光染色结果显示,野生型小鼠的乳腺在青春期、成熟期及妊娠期等不同发育阶段具有各自相应时期依赖性的特征,并且经历了一系列复杂的上皮重塑过程。③β-半乳糖苷酶染色结果显示,与8周龄雌性Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠相比,妊娠17.5 d的Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠乳腺导管内Hopx标记阳性细胞增多。④β-半乳糖苷酶染色结果显示,4,8周龄雌性Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ转基因小鼠他莫昔芬注射后的乳腺Hopx标记阳性细胞位于基底上皮,数量较少。⑤β-半乳糖苷酶染色结果显示,第1次妊娠17.5 d、第3次妊娠17.5 d的小鼠乳腺内的Hopx标记阳性细胞位于腺泡周围的基底上皮,数量较多,并且第3次妊娠17.5 d的Hopx标记阳性细胞数量更多。⑥结果表明,Hopx报告基因标记的细胞为休眠乳腺干细胞,负责妊娠期间乳腺的生长,对腺泡形成有贡献。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-9237 (石建云);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3221-0083 (杜若琛)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: Hopx, 乳腺干细胞, 谱系追踪, 妊娠期, 腺泡形成

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mammary stem cells are vital for the development and homeostasis of mammary gland tissue. The occurrence of breast cancer has a close relationship with the mammary stem cells. Recent studies have shown that Hopx, as an important transcriptional regulator of morphogenesis and cell differentiation, has been confirmed to be expressed in a variety of adult stem cells such as nerves, intestines, hair follicles and lungs. However, its role in mammary stem cells has not been reported so far.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Hopx expression marks mammary stem cells. 
METHODS: (1) Female Hopx-LacZ transgenic mice aged 8 weeks were selected to detect the background expression of Hopx in breast tissue by β-galactosidase staining. (2) Female wild-type mice at 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age and 14.5 days of gestation were selected for whole-tissue magenta staining and K14 and K8 immunofluorescence staining, respectively. (3) Female Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice aged 8 weeks and 17.5 days of gestation were selected and stained with breast β-galactosidase. (4) The 4-week-old female Hopx-CreERT2;Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice were selected. The Cre/loxp system was activated by intraperitoneal injection of tamoxifen (once every other day, three times), and breast β-galactosidase staining was performed 4 weeks after injection. The 8-week-old female Hopx-CreERT2;Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice were selected. The Cre/loxp system was activated by intraperitoneal injection of tamoxifen (once every other day, three times), and breast β-galactosidase staining was performed 4 and 10 weeks after the last injection. (5) Female Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice aged 8 weeks were selected. The Cre/loxp system was activated by intraperitoneal injection of tamoxifen (once every other day, three times). Hopx-CreERT2;Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice were pregnant 2 weeks after injection. The mammary tissue of mice at 17.5 days of the first pregnancy and 17.5 days of the third pregnancy was stained with β-galactosidase. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The results of β-galactosidase staining showed that the mammary ducts of Hopx-LacZ transgenic mice at 8 weeks of age did contain Hopx-positive cells and were located in the basal epithelia, with a small number. (2) Whole-mount staining of mammary glands and immunofluorescence staining results exhibited that the mammary glands of mice had different characteristics with corresponding developmental stages such as puberty, maturity, and pregnancy, and underwent a series of complex epithelial remodeling processes. (3) The results of β-galactosylase staining showed that Hopx-labeled positive cells in the mammary duct of Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice at 17.5 days of gestation increased compared with female Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice at 8 weeks of age. (4) The results of β-galactosylase staining showed that the Hopx-labeled positive cells in the mammary glands of 4- and 8-week-old female Hopx-CreERT2; Rosa26LacZ transgenic mice after tamoxifen injection were located in the basal epithelium with a small number. (5) The results of β-galactosidase staining showed that Hopx-labeled positive cells in the mammary glands of mice at 17.5 days of the first and third gestation were located in the basal epithelia around the alveoli, and the number of Hopx-labeled positive cells at 17.5 days of the third gestation was more. (6) In conclusion, Hopx reporter-marked basal epithelial cells belong to dormant mammary stem cells, which are responsible for the growth of the mammary glands during pregnancy and contribute to acinar formation.

Key words: Hopx, mammary stem cell, lineage tracing, gestational period, acinar formation

中图分类号: