中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 123-127.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2127

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞来源外泌体在创伤性脑损伤修复中的作用与热点

孙田静1,刘思佳1,谢方可1,黄晓飞1,张  吉1,姜栩恒1,冯  华2,喻安永1   

  1. 1遵义医科大学附属医院急诊科,贵州省遵义市   563000;2陆军军医大学西南医院神经外科,重庆市   400038
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-02-18 接受日期:2020-03-18 出版日期:2021-01-08 发布日期:2020-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 喻安永,博士,主任医师,遵义医科大学附属医院急诊科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:孙田静,女,1995年生,贵州省遵义市人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事颅脑损伤基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81560217);贵州省科技计划项目([2019]5661)

Role and hotspots of stem cell-derived exosome in the repair of traumatic brain injury

Sun Tianjing1 , Liu Sijia1 , Xie Fangke1 , Huang Xiaofei1 , Zhang Ji1 , Jiang Xuheng1 , Feng Hua2, Yu Anyong1   

  1. 1Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-02-18 Accepted:2020-03-18 Online:2021-01-08 Published:2020-11-20
  • Contact: Yu Anyong, MD, Chief physician, Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Sun Tianjing, Master candidate, Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Fundation of China, No. 81560217; the Science and Technology Plan Project of Guizhou Province, No. [2019]5661

摘要:

文题释义:
创伤性脑损伤:分为原发性损伤和继发性损伤。原发性损伤是指机械或暴力对脑直接的损伤,可瞬间导致撞击部位细胞死亡,伤后立即出现症状并且相对稳定;继发性损伤是指受伤一定时间后出现的脑受损病变,可能是受伤脑组织试图恢复其结构或功能的结果,随着时间的延长而发展,并触发最终导致进行性神经元死亡细胞事件的复杂瀑布级联反应。
外泌体:是一种由细胞分泌的纳米级小囊泡,携带核酸和蛋白质等多种具有生物活性的内容物,不仅参与了细胞间生物信号的传递,还参与了人体内各种疾病的病理生理过程。

背景:创伤性脑损伤的治疗与预后是目前临床工作中的难点。越来越多的研究表明干细胞来源外泌体在创伤性脑损伤中表现出独特的优势,具有更大的神经治疗潜力,或许能从本质上恢复神经血管的功能及促进神经元的再生,为创伤性脑损伤的治疗提供新的思路。
目的:综述干细胞来源外泌体在创伤性脑损伤中的应用及优势。
方法:第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed和中国知网数据库中关于外泌体的文献,以“创伤性脑损伤,外泌体,干细胞”为中文检索词,以“traumatic brain injury,exosomes,stem cells”为英文检索词进行检索,选择53篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①经过大量的创伤性脑损伤动物实验,证明神经细胞及干细胞可分泌外泌体;②神经细胞及干细胞来源外泌体都对创伤性脑损伤的治疗有积极的作用,但干细胞来源外泌体对神经、血管再生及神经功能恢复效果更佳;③干细胞来源外泌体可能会开启创伤性脑损伤治疗的全新途径。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-9030(喻安永)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程


关键词: stem cells, exosomes, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, brain injury, experiment, regeneration, review

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment and prognosis of traumatic brain injury are difficult points in clinical work at present. More and more studies have shown that exosomes derived from stem cells show unique advantages in traumatic brain injury, which may have greater neurotherapeutic potential in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, and may essentially restore neurovascular function and promote neuronal regeneration, thereby providing new ideas for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application and advantages of exosomes derived from stem cells in traumatic brain injury.
METHODS: A computer-based search was performed in the PubMed and CNKI databases for articles addressing exosomes. The keywords were “Traumatic brain injury, Exosomes, Stem cells” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally, 53 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A large number of traumatic brain injury animal experiments proved that nerve cells and stem cells can secrete exosomes. (2) Exosomes derived from nerve cells and stem cells play a positive role in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, but the exosomes derived from stem cells are more effective in nerve, vascular regeneration and neurofunctional recovery. (3) The exosomes derived from stem cells may open up a new approach to traumatic brain injury.

Key words: 干细胞, 外泌体, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 脑损伤, 实验, 再生, 综述

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