中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (7): 1044-1050.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.07.019

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

周围神经损伤的修复:理论研究与技术应用

何新泽1,王 维2,呼铁民3,马建军4,于昌玉1,高云峰1,程兴龙4,王 培1   

  1. 承德医学院附属医院,1手足外科,3神经外科,河北省承德市 067000;2秦皇岛市第一医院手足外科,河北省秦皇岛市 066308;4承德医学院研究生学院,河北省承德市 067000
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-07 出版日期:2016-02-12 发布日期:2016-02-12
  • 作者简介:何新泽,男,1985年生,山东省滨州市人,汉族,在读硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨外科,神经损伤与修复的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省卫生厅指令性课题(20130027);河北省科技厅指令性课题(142777105D);河北省承德市科技局课题(20123128)

Peripheral nerve repair: theory and technology application

He Xin-ze1, Wang Wei2, Hu Tie-min3, Ma Jian-jun4, Yu Chang-yu1, Gao Yun-feng1, Cheng Xing-long4, Wang Pei1   

  1. 1Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066308, Hebei Province, China; 4Graduate School of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2015-12-07 Online:2016-02-12 Published:2016-02-12
  • Contact: Wang Pei, Master, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei. Province, China
  • About author:He Xin-ze, Studying for master’s degree, Attending physician, Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Mandatory Project of Hebei Provincial Health Department, No. 20130027; the Mandatory Project of Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Department, No. 142777105D; a grant from Chengde Science and Technology Department, No. 20123128

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
周围神经:周围神经是指脑和脊髓以外的所有神经,包括神经节、神经干、神经丛及神经终末装置;周围神经可根据连于中枢的部位不同分为连于脑的脑神经和连于脊髓的脊神经;脑神经有12对,脊神经有31对。周围神经还可根据分布的对象不同可分为躯体神经和内脏神经。

周围神经损伤修复:周围神经损伤的修复大多数选择缝合重建技术,但缝合线不能密封神经,从而不能防止神经再生时神经内重要液体的的流出。此外,缝合线在技术上要求很高,直接进行修复,常常会产生瘢痕,阻碍神经的修复和功能恢复。为了克服这些限制,生物相容性和生物可降解材料已用于密封和修复周围神经。这些材料虽然创造了足够的密封,但它们往往缺乏弹性,增加感染的感染风险和细胞毒性。黏合剂生物材料由激光活化光热(组织焊接)或光化学(组织融合)与神经组织形成连接。其具有显著优点:凝聚和密封神经外膜,便于应用,减少侵袭性和增加药物由原位运输的潜能,以促进神经再生修复能力。

 

背景:周围神经发生损伤后感觉、运动功能的恢复比较缓慢,且很少能够完全恢复感觉、运动功能,这一问题是困扰骨外科医师的难题,也是导致患者生活质量下降的主要原因。

目的:分析周围神经损伤再生修复的新的治疗手段,总结前人在促进周围神经损伤再生方面采用的方法及取得的效果。

方法:通过PubMed、万方、中国知网数据库查阅关键词“神经损伤”“再生”检索相关文献,整理分析数据。

结果与结论:国内外学者针对周围神经损伤的再生,从手术方式、药物、细胞因子、基因转移、生物材料的应用及祖国医学的应用等多方面开展了研究。一般缺损大于神经直径的4倍,通常应用神经再生室取得了很好的效果。神经损伤后恢复神经连续性的方法由最初的手术吻合发展到现代的光化学组织结合、热激光焊接、胶修复等新兴技术。研究发现,纤溶酶原激活物、神经生长因子、神经营养因子、重组促红细胞生成素、人组织激肽释放酶、维生素B族及其衍生物、中药制剂、免疫抑制剂等在神经损伤修复的研究中均有促进神经再生修复的作用。

ORCID: 0000-0001-9445-3745(何新泽)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 周围神经, 神经再生, 细胞因子

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Recovery of motor and sensory function from peripheral nerve injury is relatively slow and incomplete. It is a difficult problem for orthopedic surgeons that mainly leads to the decline in the quality of life in patients.
OBJECTIVE: To conclude the methods and corresponding outcomes in peripheral nerve regeneration by analyzing the new treatment means for peripheral nerve injury.
METHODS: PubMed, Wanfang, CNKI databases were retrieved for relevant articles using key words of “nerve injury, regeneration”, and then retrieval data were sorted and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In recent years, in-depth studies on peripheral nerve repair have been made in the following aspects: surgical mode, drug, cytokine, gene transfer and biomaterials as well as traditional Chinese medicine. If the detect size is four times longer than the diameter of nerves, the nerve regeneration chamber can achieve good outcomes. The methods of restoring nerve continuity following nerve injury are developed from surgical anastomosis to photochemohistological method, thermal laser welding, plastic repair and other emerging technologies. Studies have found that plasminogen activator, nerve growth factor, neurotrophic factor, recombinant erythropoietin, human tissue kallikrein, B vitamins and their derivatives, herbal preparations, immunosuppressive agents all can promote nerve regeneration.