[1] SLAVINSKY V, WONG JH, CARNEY BC, et al. Addressing burn hypertrophic scar symptoms earlier: laser scar revision may begin as early as 3-6 months after injury. Lasers Surg Med. 2024;56(7):632-641.
[2] TAN J, ZHOU J, HUANG L, et al. Hypertrophic scar improvement by early intervention with ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment. Lasers Surg Med. 2021;53(4):450-457.
[3] ZHANG JF, WU MK, LIU C, et al. Efficacy and safety of fractional CO₂ laser therapy combined with triamcinolone acetonide injection for hypertrophic scar: a preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2026;12:1671191.
[4] PRAVIN AJS, RESHMA JA. Effect of ablative fractional CO₂ laser plus topical triamcinolone acetonide in keloid and hypertrophic scars: a randomised clinical trial. J Neonat Surg. 2025;14(5):134-141.
[5] TSAI WH, CHENG YW, TSAI MJ, et al. Laser therapy in hypertrophic and keloid scars: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024;48(10):1945-1956.
[6] LI P, ZHANG Q, TAO C, et al. Pulsed dye laser, fractional CO₂ laser, or combination for burn scar treatment: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci. 2025;40(1):389.
[7] JEELANI S, BASHIR Y, BALI SK, et al. Combination of fractional CO₂ laser with laser-assisted drug delivery in the treatment of hypertrophic and atrophic scars. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2025;18(1):45-52.
[8] QIU H, WU B, PAN F, et al. Manual fractional technology with CO₂ laser combined with transdermal drug delivery for hypertrophic scar: a retrospective study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;49(13):3756-3766.
[9] BERNABE RM, LEE KC. Laser-assisted drug delivery in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a systematic review. Lasers Surg Med. 2023; 55(2):125-135.
[10] LI M, CHEN J, LIU H, et al. Combination of fractional CO₂ laser with laser-assisted drug delivery in the treatment of hypertrophic and atrophic scars. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2025;18(1):45-52.
[11] ACHARYA R, AGRAWAL S, KHADKA DK, et al. Efficacy and safety of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alone and its combination with 5-fluorouracil in keloids and hypertrophic scars: randomized, parallel group, and double blinded trial. Skin Health Dis. 2024;4(5):e450.
[12] BEKKERS VZ, VAN EIJSDEN C, YIN Q, et al. Needle-free jet injector-assisted triamcinolone treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars is effective and well tolerated in children. Clin Drug Investig. 2024;44(1):51-57.
[13] QIU H, WU B, PAN F, et al. Manual fractional technology with CO₂ laser combined with transdermal triamcinolone acetonide and 5-fluorouracil for hypertrophic scar treatment. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2025;49(13):3756-3766.
[14] XU JJ, ZHENG J, ZHU LD, et al. Combination treatment of triamcinolone acetonide and ablative fractional laser for hypertrophic scars. Dermatol Surg. 2025;51(3):345-351.
[15] GOEL J, SINGH VK, HAQ A, et al. Split-scar technique to assess the efficacy of Er:YAG laser with intralesional triamcinolone combination on post-burn scars: a double blind, parallel, two-arm randomized controlled trial. Burns. 2025;51(8):107644.
[16] JI Q, LUO L, NI J, et al. Fractional CO₂ laser to treat surgical scars: a system review and meta-analysis on optimal timing. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(1):e16708.
[17] XU JJ, NIU BB, ZHENG J, et al. Early intervention with an ultrapulse CO₂ fractional laser for the treatment of traumatic facial scars in children: a retrospective study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(8):e70365.
[18] LIU JX, SUN RS, LUO YX, et al. Mechanism exploration of early intervention with CO₂ ablative fractional laser to improve surgical scars. Dermatol Surg. 2025;51(12):1123-1128.
[19] HASHAD Y, GHARIB F, RAFIE M. Effect of CO₂ fractional laser intervention versus hyaluronidase injection in early scar treatment: a randomized controlled study. Lasers Med Sci. 2025;40(1):289.
[20] DAI Q, CHENG L, WANG C. The effectiveness of early treatment with intense pulsed light combined with fractional erbium laser in preventing post-traumatic hypertrophic scar formation. J Craniofac Surg. 2025;36(3):e342-e345.
[21] SLAVINSKY V, WONG JH, CARNEY BC, et al. Addressing burn hypertrophic scar symptoms earlier: laser scar revision may begin as early as 3-6 months after injury. Lasers Surg Med. 2024;56(7):632-641.
[22] KIVI MK, JAFARZADEH A, HOSSEINI-BAHARANCHI FS, et al. The efficacy, satisfaction, and safety of carbon dioxide (CO₂) fractional laser in combination with pulsed dye laser (PDL) versus each one alone in the treatment of hypertrophic burn scars: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2024;39(1):69.
[23] CHEN L, YIN Y, LI J, et al. LINC00525 promotes cell proliferation and collagen expression through feedforward regulation of TGF-β signaling in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Burns. 2025;51(2):107353.
[24] MA L, HUA L, YU W, et al. TSG-6 inhibits hypertrophic scar fibroblast proliferation by regulating IRE1α/TRAF2/NF-κB signalling. Int Wound J. 2023;20(4):1008-1019.
[25] ZHAO JC, ZHANG BR, HONG L, et al. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy with low-energy flux density inhibits hypertrophic scar formation in an animal model. Int J Mol Med. 2018;41(4):1931-1938.
[26] GONG YF, ZHANG XM, LIU F, et al. Inhibitory effect of recombinant human endostatin on the proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in a rabbit ear model. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016;791:647-654.
[27] LI X, WANG Y, ZHANG H, et al. Sinapic acid attenuates hypertrophic scarring by modulating the TGF-β1/Smad pathway: an in vivo and in vitro investigation. Phytomedicine. 2024;120:155032.
[28] YANG F, ZHANG W. Autologous fat granules combined with PRP treat hypertrophic scars through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2025;49(19):5604-5610.
[29] LIU C, YU Q, SHEN L, et al. Cepharantine prevents hypertrophic scarring by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD pathway. Arch Dermatol Res. 2025;317(1):734.
[30] WANG L, CHEN J, ZHAO M, et al. Transcriptomic analysis of pressure therapy on hypertrophic scars: involvement of TGF-β-Smad and Wnt signaling pathways. Wound Rep Regen. 2024;32(4):567-576.
[31] LUAN W, FAN S, JIANG H, et al. BACH1 is stabilized by vitamin E and attenuates the formation of hypertrophic scar through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Burns. 2026;52(1):107807.
[32] BERNABE RM, MADRIGAL P, CHOE D, et al. Assessing scar outcomes using objective scar measurement tools: an adjunct to validated scar evaluation scales. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2024;154(5):885e-890e.
[33] VERCELLI S, RAZZA S, LAURELLI D, et al. Cross-cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability of the Italian version of the patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS-I) version 3.0. Disabil Rehabil. 2025;6:1-14.
[34] HAJI MOHAMMADI A, SEIRAFIANPOUR F, KHOSRAVI M, et al. A systematic review of comparative clinical trials on the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction of ablative and non-ablative laser therapies for atrophic, hypertrophic, and keloid scars. Lasers Med Sci. 2025;40(1):280.
[35] SMITH AB, JOHNSON CD, LEE EF, et al. Evaluating patient-reported outcomes in early scar treatment: predictive power of 3-month PROs on long-term scar satisfaction at 12 months. Plastic Reconstr Surg. 2025;13(1):e5432.
[36] CHEN X, WANG Y, LIU Z, et al. Patient satisfaction with deep fractional laser treatment for burn scars in an outpatient setting. Lasers Surg Med. 2025;57(2):234-240.
[37] HEASLIP V, DOCHERTY S, RHODES S, et al. Patients‘ experiences of treatment and the scar management pathway during the Early Laser for Burn Scars (ELABS) trial: an embedded qualitative study. Burns. 2026;52(1):107772.
[38] KIM JH, PARK JS, LEE SY, et al. Scar assessment after fractional CO₂ laser resurfacing using a questionnaire. Dermatol Surg. 2025;51(4):432-438.
[39] WILLIAMS R, THOMPSON L, DAVIS M, et al. Efficacy of emerging therapies versus traditional therapies in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a systematic review. J Ame Acad Dermatol. 2025;82(1):123-131.
[40] LAI IC, HUANG GL, LEE KC, et al. Comparative efficacy and recurrence risk of intralesional therapies for hypertrophic scars and keloids: a network meta-analysis. Aesthet Surg J. 2026;46(2):202-212. |