中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (28): 7465-7474.doi: 10.12307/2026.815

• 组织工程相关大数据分析 Big data analysis in tissue engineering • 上一篇    下一篇

特发性肺纤维化发病机制及潜在治疗靶点:大规模全基因组关联研究数据分析

范志梁1,柴艺汇1,陈光磊1,李  倩1,顾春松2,陈云志1,李  文1,吴大梅1,蒲  翔1   

  1. 1贵州中医药大学基础中医学院,贵州省贵阳市  550025;2贵州中医药大学第二附属医院,贵州省贵阳市  550003
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-01 修回日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-10-08 发布日期:2026-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 蒲翔,博士,教授,贵州中医药大学基础中医学院,贵州省贵阳市 550025
  • 作者简介:第一作者:范志梁,男,1997年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,贵州中医药大学在读博士,主要从事中药民族药药理物质基础研究。 共同第一作者:柴艺汇,女,1985年生,山西省临汾市人,汉族,2024年菲律宾永恒大学毕业,博士,高级实验师,主要从事中药民族药药理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般456),项目负责人:柴艺汇;国家自然科学基金项目(82060913),
    项目负责人:蒲翔;贵州省苗医药全省重点实验室(黔科合平台[2025]018),项目负责人:蒲翔;贵州中医药大学校内科研项目
    (贵中医科余[2025]48号),项目负责人:蒲翔

Pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: analysis of data from a large-scale genome-wide association study

Fan Zhiliang1, Chai Yihui1, Chen Guanglei1, Li Qian1, Gu Chunsong2, Chen Yunzhi1, Li Wen1, Wu Damei1, Pu Xiang1   

  1. 1School of Basic Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China; 2Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2025-08-01 Revised:2025-12-11 Online:2026-10-08 Published:2026-02-26
  • Contact: Pu Xiang, MD, Professor, School of Basic Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Fan Zhiliang, MD candidate, School of Basic Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China Chai Yihui, MD, Senior experimentalist, School of Basic Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China Fan Zhiliang and Chai Yihui contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Program, No. ZK[2022]456 (to CYH); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82060913 (to PX); Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Miao Medicine, No. [2025]018 (to PX); Scientific Research Project of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. [2025]48 (to PX) 

摘要:



文题释义:
特发性肺纤维化:是一种病因不明的间质性肺疾病,主要特征为细胞外间质胶原沉积和肺功能下降,最终导致呼吸衰竭和死亡。
肠-肺轴:是指肠道菌群通过免疫调节、炎症因子释放及代谢物运输等机制影响肺部健康的一种双向生理联系,在多种肺部疾病中发挥重要作用。
多组学研究:是整合基因组、转录组、代谢组、微生物组等多种生物学数据类型,以系统方式揭示复杂疾病发生机制的一种研究策略。

背景:“肠-肺”轴在多种肺部疾病的发展中扮演重要角色,但在特发性肺纤维化方面缺乏深入探讨,因果关系尚不明确。为深入探讨肠道菌群对特发性肺纤维化的调控机制,该研究引入全基因组关联研究、表达数量性状位点分析以及共定位分子对接技术,旨在从遗传表型、转录调控与药靶分析等多个层面,系统评估肠道菌群通过免疫细胞、炎症因子及代谢物影响特发性肺纤维化的潜在机制,有望进一步阐明特发性肺纤维化的发病机制。
目的:探讨肠道菌群与特发性肺纤维化之间的因果关系,并阐述免疫细胞、炎症蛋白和血液代谢物的中介作用,筛选关键肠道菌群及潜在靶基因,同时预测潜在靶向药物,为特发性肺纤维化的早期诊断与新药开发提供思路。
方法:应用公开发表的肠道菌群的全基因组关联分析汇总统计数据以及芬兰数据库、eQTLGen等全基因组关联研究的公开数据库,分析了473种肠道菌群物种、731种免疫细胞类型、91种炎症蛋白、233种代谢物及特发性肺纤维化数据。通过单变量孟德尔随机化分析,应用逆方差加权法及敏感性分析,探索肠道菌群与特发性肺纤维化的因果关系。采用两步中介孟德尔随机化分析评估免疫细胞、炎症蛋白和代谢物是否在肠道菌群-特发性肺纤维化关系中起中介作用。在此基础上,进一步利用孟德尔随机化与汇总数据的孟德尔随机化方法探讨肠道菌群与基因表达之间的因果关系,并通过共定位分析与可成药性预测筛选潜在药物候选分子,结合分子对接验证。
结果与结论:Bacteroides faecis、Megasphaera和Pandoraea的丰度与特发性肺纤维化存在因果关系。其中Bacteroides faecis通过18∶2亚油酸比率及多个CD4+ T细胞亚群介导特发性肺纤维化风险;Pandoraea的风险同样受到不同的CD4+ T细胞亚群影响;Megasphaera的保护作用则主要通过白细胞介素33、低密度脂蛋白相关代谢物和CD4-CD8- T细胞亚群发挥作用。进一步研究确定了GNF-Pf-2272、5155877和PpIX是KDM4C、CBR3和YWHAG的潜在靶向药物。尽管此研究所用的肺纤维化全基因组关联研究数据主要来源于欧洲人群,但考虑到人类遗传背景在多个核心通路上存在共性,研究结果对于探索通过调控肠道菌群改善中国人群肺纤维化风险仍具有重要的参考价值。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3566-5363(蒲翔)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 特发性肺纤维化, 肠道微生物群, 免疫细胞, 炎症蛋白, 血液代谢物, 多组学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The gut–lung axis has emerged as a critical factor in the development of various pulmonary diseases. However, its role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis remains insufficiently investigated, and the underlying causal relationships are yet to be clarified. This study integrates genome-wide association studies, expression quantitative trait loci analysis, and colocalization-based molecular docking to comprehensively assess how gut microbiota may influence idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through immune regulation, inflammatory mediators, and metabolic pathways. The research aims to provide mechanistic insights from genetic, transcriptional, and pharmacological perspectives.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the causal relationship between gut microbiota and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, to elucidate the mediating effects of immune cells, inflammatory proteins, and circulating metabolites, to screen key microbial taxa and potential target genes, and to predict candidate therapeutic agents that may contribute to early diagnosis and drug development for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
METHODS: The analysis was based on publicly available summary statistics from genome-wide association studies involving 473 gut microbial species, sourced from the Finnish biobank and the expression Quantitative Trait Loci Gen consortium. Additional data included 731 immune cell traits, 91 inflammatory proteins, 233 blood metabolites, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis genome-wide association results. Univariable Mendelian randomization using the inverse-variance weighted approach and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the causal relationship between gut microbiota and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Two-step mediation Mendelian randomization was conducted to determine whether immune and inflammatory factors mediate the relationship between gut microbiota and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, causal relationships between microbial taxa and gene expression were evaluated using Mendelian randomization and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization methods. Colocalization and druggability analyses were carried out to prioritize candidate compounds, followed by molecular docking validation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The abundance of Bacteroides faecis, Megasphaera, and Pandoraea was causally associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Bacteroides faecis appeared to mediate disease risk through the linoleic acid (18:2) ratio and several CD4-positive T cell subsets. Pandoraea risk was similarly influenced by different CD4+ T cell subsets, whereas Megasphaera may exert protective effects via interleukin-33, low-density lipoprotein-related metabolites, and CD4-CD8- T cell subsets. Further analyses identified GNF-Pf-2272, compound 5155877, and protoporphyrin IX as candidate agents targeting lysine-specific demethylase 4C, carbonyl reductase 3, and 14-3-3 protein gamma isoform, respectively. Although the genome-wide association study data for pulmonary fibrosis used in this study were primarily derived from European populations, given the commonalities in multiple core pathways across the human genetic background, the findings still hold significant reference value for exploring ways to improve the risk of pulmonary fibrosis in the Chinese population by regulating the gut microbiota.

Key words: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, gut microbiota, immune cells, inflammatory protein, blood metabolites, multiomics 

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