中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 5565-5572.doi: 10.12307/2026.779

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度预测腰椎手术创口非感染性愈合不良

熊诗硕1,向  荣1,张宇楷1,蓝  晴1,郭海威2,3,田  瀚4,钟业霖1,张银银1,郭泽华1,陆文豪1,李  颖3   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第三临床医学院,广东省广州市  510405;2广东省中医骨伤研究院,广东省广州市  510375;3广州中医药大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市  510375;4广州市越秀区骨伤康复医院,广东省广州市  510030
  • 接受日期:2025-09-02 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 李颖,广州中医药大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市 510375
  • 作者简介:熊诗硕,男,2000年生,湖南省岳阳市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事骨质疏松及脊柱退行性疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医骨伤研究院开放课题(GYH202101-03),项目负责人:李颖

Degree of paraspinal muscle fat infiltration predicts non-infectious poor wound healing following lumbar surgery

Xiong Shishuo1, Xiang Rong1, Zhang Yukai1, Lan Qing1, Guo Haiwei2, 3, Tian Han4, Zhong Yelin1, Zhang Yinyin1, Guo Zehua1, Lu Wenhao1, Li Ying3#br#   

  1. 1Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Guangdong Provincial Institute of Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Guangzhou 510375, Guangdong Province, China; 3Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510375, Guangdong Province, China; 4Guangzhou Yuexiu District Bone Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-09-02 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-03-05
  • Contact: Li Ying, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510375, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Xiong Shishuo, MS, Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Open Project of Guangdong Provincial Institute of Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, No. GYH202101-03 (to LY)

摘要:

文题释义:

椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度:特指通过术前腰椎MRI(常用T1WI、T2WI或T2WISTIR序列),利用图像分析软件(如Image J)在特定椎体层面(L3、L4、L5下终板层面)定量测量的多裂肌和竖脊肌中脂肪组织取代正常肌肉组织的比例。其核心指标是脂肪浸润百分比,计算公式为:脂肪浸润百分比=(脂肪浸润面积/椎旁肌总横截面积)×100%。
术口愈合不良:术口愈合良好为切口处无红肿、流脓、出血、破溃、血肿等异常情况;术后切口愈合不良包括切口感染、出血、流脓、破溃、血肿、皮下脂肪液化以及切口下组织塌陷,并未按时拆线或形成窦道等情况。

摘要
背景:腰椎术后非感染性创口愈合不良是延长住院周期、增加再手术风险的重要临床问题,但其预测指标尚不明确。此次研究基于椎旁肌退变可能通过影响局部微环境阻碍组织修复的机制假说,首次探讨术前椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度对非感染性愈合不良的预测价值及其与骨质疏松的关联。
目的:通过术前MRI量化椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度,评估其对腰椎术后非感染性创口愈合不良的预测价值。
方法:回顾性分析2019-2024年在广州中医药大学第三附属医院脊柱科就诊的4 368例行腰椎传统后路开放手术患者的病历资料,筛选出术后住院天数≥15 d的患者190例,根据腰椎术后术口愈合情况及感染指标,从这190例患者中筛选出非感染性愈合不良患者并设为愈合不良组(41例);再对余下的4 178例手术患者进行筛选,核对患者病程记录及抽血指标,筛选出术后愈合良好患者设为愈合良好组(40例);另外将非感染性愈合不良组患者进一步细分为骨质疏松组与非骨质疏松组。通过收集患者术前腰椎MRI影像资料,使用Image J软件测量并计算腰大肌横截面积、竖脊肌及多裂肌脂肪浸润程度百分比。
结果与结论:①愈合不良组与愈合良好组患者在性别、年龄、是否患有糖尿病等一般资料上无显著性差异(P > 0.05);②愈合不良组患者腰大肌、竖脊肌及多裂肌的功能横截面积和脂肪浸润百分比与愈合良好组相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③Logistic回归分析结果显示,脂肪浸润比例是术口愈合不良的独立危险因素;④受试者操作特征曲线分析显示,脂肪浸润百分比对术口愈合不良具有较高的预测价值(曲线下面积> 0.7);⑤单因素方差分析提示,骨质疏松可作为影响患者L4多裂肌脂肪浸润程度的危险因素之一(P < 0.05);⑥结果表明,椎旁肌脂肪浸润百分比是预测腰椎传统后路开放手术患者术口愈合不良的重要指标,可为临床提供参考;骨质疏松症也被证实是影响患者L4多裂肌脂肪浸润程度的危险因素,但由于亚组样本量过小,关于骨质疏松是否影响患者腰椎术后非感染性愈合不良日后还需要更多临床试验来证实。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: ">术口愈合不良, 骨质疏松, 脂肪浸润, 竖脊肌, 多裂肌

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-infectious poor wound healing following lumbar surgery is a significant clinical complication that prolongs hospitalization and increases the risk of reoperation. However, its predictive indicators remain unclear. Based on the hypothesis that paraspinal muscle degeneration may impede tissue repair by altering the local microenvironment, this study aimed to investigate the predictive value of preoperative paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration for non-infectious poor wound healing and its association with osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the degree of paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration using preoperative MRI and evaluate its predictive value for non-infectious poor wound healing after lumbar surgery.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records of 4 368 patients who underwent traditional open posterior lumbar surgery at Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between 2019 and 2024. We screened 190 patients with a postoperative hospital stay of 15 days or longer. Based on postoperative wound healing and infection indicators, patients with non-infectious poor healing were identified from these 190 patients and placed in a poor healing group (41 patients). The remaining 4 178 surgical patients were screened and their medical records and blood tests were reviewed. Patients with good healing were selected and placed in a good healing group (40 patients). The non-infectious poor healing group was further divided into an osteoporosis group and a non-osteoporosis group. Preoperative lumbar MRI images were analyzed using ImageJ software to measure and calculate the cross-sectional area of the psoas major muscle and the percentage of fat infiltration in the erector spinae and multifidus muscles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) No significant differences were observed in baseline characteristics such as gender, age, or diabetes status between the poor healing group and the good healing group (P > 0.05). (2) There were significant differences in the functional cross-sectional area and fat infiltration percentage of the psoas major, erector spinae, and multifidus muscles between the poor healing group and the good healing group (P < 0.05). (3) Logistic regression analysis showed that the fat infiltration percentage was an independent risk factor for poor wound healing. (4) Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the fat infiltration percentage had a high predictive value for poor wound healing (area under the curve > 0.7). (5) One-way analysis of variance suggested that osteoporosis may be a risk factor for the degree of fatty infiltration of the L4 multifidus muscle (P < 0.05). (6) The results indicate that the percentage of fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles is an important indicator for predicting poor wound healing in patients undergoing traditional posterior open lumbar spine surgery, providing a clinical reference. Osteoporosis has also been shown to be a risk factor for the degree of fatty infiltration of the L4 multifidus muscle. However, due to the small sample size in this subgroup, further clinical trials are needed to confirm whether osteoporosis affects non-infectious poor wound healing after lumbar spine surgery. 

Key words: poor wound healing, osteoporosis, fatty infiltration, erector spinae, multifidus muscle

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