中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (24): 6306-6315.doi: 10.12307/2026.367
• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇 下一篇
任青松1,谢玉磊1,2,柳晶晶1,林静旖1,龙丹蕾1,张春榆3,谢 亮1,郑开元1,王寅旭1
收稿日期:2025-06-06
修回日期:2025-09-15
出版日期:2026-08-28
发布日期:2026-02-03
通讯作者:
王寅旭,博士,副主任医师,川北医学院附属医院康复医学科,四川省南充市 637000
作者简介:任青松,男,1995年生,汉族,川北医学院在读硕士,主要从事中枢神经系统损伤康复方面的研究。
基金资助:Ren Qingsong1, Xie Yulei1, 2, Liu Jingjing1, Lin Jingyi1, Long Danlei1, Zhang Chunyu3, Xie Liang1, Zheng Kaiyuan1, Wang Yinxu1
Received:2025-06-06
Revised:2025-09-15
Online:2026-08-28
Published:2026-02-03
Contact:
Wang Yinxu, PhD, Associate chief physician, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
About author:Ren Qingsong, MS candidate, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
Supported by:摘要:
文题释义:
神经源性异位骨化:是指中枢神经系统受到损伤后,在软组织中异常形成骨组织的一种病理现象,这种病症大多时候在损伤后的1-3个月出现,并且大多发生在髋关节周围。神经源性异位骨化可引发神经血管束被包绕的情况,造成剧烈疼痛以及神经压迫等诸多问题,其发病机制主要是与成骨前体细胞的异常分化以及神经信号调控存在关联。
成骨前体细胞:是神经源性异位骨化发生的关键细胞,可受损伤局部微环境及神经因子共同调控而异常分化。现有研究认为,成骨前体细胞主要源于成纤维脂肪祖细胞和血管周细胞。在脊髓损伤后,炎症因子白细胞介素1β、抑瘤素M等诱导成骨前体细胞表达Runt相关转录因子2、Ⅰ型胶原α1等成骨基因,其中成纤维脂肪祖细胞的异常激活加速了软骨内骨化进程。深入研究成骨前体细胞的作用机制,为神经源性异位骨化的靶向治疗提供了重要理论基础。
背景:神经源性异位骨化常见于脊髓损伤或创伤性脑损伤后1-3个月,表现为关节周围软组织异常骨化,其发病机制尚未阐明,亟需系统研究为临床实践提供支持。
目的:综述神经源性异位骨化动物模型的研究进展及发病机制,重点分析成骨前体细胞的病理分化、局部组织微环境重塑,以及神经系统调控在神经源性异位骨化形成中的交互作用,为精准防治策略的制定提供理论依据。
方法:检索PubMed、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed),检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年1月,中文检索词:“神经源性异位骨化,脊髓损伤,创伤性脑损伤,异位骨化”;英文检索词:“Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification,spinal cord injury,Traumatic brain injury,ossification,heterotopic,Central nervous system”。纳入与神经源性异位骨化动物模型以及机制相关的文献,总结神经源性异位骨化的关键发病过程。
结果与结论:成骨前体细胞(主要是成纤维脂肪祖细胞)的募集与异常成骨分化受局部缺氧、炎症反应及血管生成等微环境因素调控;神经生长因子、降钙素基因相关肽及P物质等通过神经-免疫互作促进异常骨化。未来研究应构建系统化分子图谱,深入探索核心信号通路并开发新型靶向干预手段,以实现神经源性异位骨化的早期识别与个体化治疗,改善患者预后。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8672-4238 (任青松);https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2267-9915 (王寅旭)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
中图分类号:
任青松, 谢玉磊, 柳晶晶, 林静旖, 龙丹蕾, 张春榆, 谢 亮, 郑开元, 王寅旭. 神经源性异位骨化动物模型:关键发病过程与发病机制[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(24): 6306-6315.
Ren Qingsong, Xie Yulei, Liu Jingjing, Lin Jingyi, Long Danlei, Zhang Chunyu, Xie Liang, Zheng Kaiyuan, Wang Yinxu. Animal models of neurogenic heterotopic ossification: key disease progression and pathogenesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(24): 6306-6315.




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1.4 资料整合 共检索到1 147篇相关文献,其中排除1 039篇文献,实际纳入108篇文献,包括中文文献2篇、英文文献106篇,筛选流程见图1。
近些年来,神经源性异位骨化的研究重点慢慢朝着动物模型的构建以及发病机制的解析方面转变,与传统创伤性异位骨化相比较而言,神经源性异位骨化涉及到神经信号以及免疫炎症之间复杂的交互作用,它的发病机制更加复杂一些,本文详细总结了成骨前体细胞的成骨分化过程以及其微环境重塑机制。当下的研究热点包含利用多组学技术去追踪成骨前体细胞的来源,探索像降钙素基因相关肽这样的神经因子的调控路径,本文着重突出神经-免疫-骨代谢三者之间的交叉机制,拓宽机制整合研究的广度以及深度,未来的研究方向会聚焦于神经源性异位骨化系统图谱的构建以及靶向Janus激酶/信号转导和转录活化因子、缺氧诱导因子1α等信号通路的干预策略,期望可为临床治疗提供理论方面的支撑。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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