中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (27): 7009-7014.doi: 10.12307/2026.222

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

两种固定方式治疗Salter-HarrisⅡ型儿童桡骨远端骨骺骨折的有限元分析

周云帆1,孟祥奇2,沈晨晓2   

  1. 1昆山市中医医院骨伤科,江苏省苏州市   215300;2苏州市中医医院骨伤科,江苏省苏州市   215300
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-18 接受日期:2025-10-15 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 孟祥奇,博士,硕士生导师,苏州市中医医院骨伤科,江苏省苏州市 215300
  • 作者简介:周云帆,男,1998年生,江苏省苏州市人,汉族,2024年南京中医药大学毕业,硕士,中医师,主要从事中医骨伤科学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82174399),项目参与人:孟祥奇

Finite element analysis of two fixation methods for Salter-Harris type II distal radius epiphyseal fracture in children

Zhou Yunfan1, Meng Xiangqi2, Shen Chenxiao2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215300, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-07-18 Accepted:2025-10-15 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-04-17
  • Contact: Meng Xiangqi, PhD, Master's supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Yunfan, MS, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82174399 (to MXQ)

摘要:

文题释义:
桡骨远端骨骺骨折:是儿童或青少年特有的骨折类型,指桡骨远端距离关节3 cm以内合并桡骨远端生长板(骨骺)断裂的骨折,多见于5-15岁的儿童及青少年,根据Salter-Harris分型分为Ⅰ-Ⅴ型,以Ⅱ型(累及干骺端及部分骨骺)最常见。
有限元分析:是一种基于数值计算的方法,用于求解工程和物理学中复杂结构或系统应力、应变、热传导、流体动力学等问题。运用离散化数值计算方式是有限元分析的本质,把一些复杂难以计算量化的问题,通过有限分解的方式,转化为一系列简单问题进行分析计算。

摘要
背景:儿童桡骨远端骨骺骨折在治疗方案选择上存在争议,克氏针内固定与夹板外固定的稳定性缺少生物力学性能理论依据。
目的:通过有限元实验探讨夹板外固定与克氏针内固定治疗Salter-Harris Ⅱ型儿童桡骨远端骨骺骨折的生物力学特性。
方法:根据儿童腕关节CT数据模拟Salter-Harris Ⅱ型桡骨远端骨骺骨折,建立模型A,在此基础上分别建立两种不同固定方式的模型:模型B,克氏针交叉内固定(2根克氏针);模型C,夹板外固定(夹板4块)。对模型施加荷载,模拟腕关节在轴向压力合并旋前、旋后工况下远端骨折端与下尺桡关节的相对位移和应力分布情况。
结果与结论:①模型A在垂直压力合并旋前、旋后的运动状态下位移峰值区域最大,应力峰值区域偏移程度最大,桡骨远端骨折端与下尺桡关节最大应力值、相对位移值最大;②模型B与模型C相比模型A最大应力值和最大位移值变小,且位移云图峰值区域变小,应力云图峰值区域向中心回移;模型B与模型C的最大应力值和最大位移值与模型A的差值百分比没有明显差距,提示两种固定方式缓解相对位移和结构应力的效果相近;③结果显示,克氏针内固定与夹板外固定可以有效维持桡骨远端骨骺骨折端与下尺桡关节的稳定性,夹板外固定与克氏针内固定对Salter-Harris Ⅱ型桡骨远端骨骺骨折表现出相近的固定效果。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 桡骨, 骨折, 骨骺, 夹板, 克氏针, 外固定, 内固定, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is controversy over the selection of treatment options for pediatric distal radius epiphyseal fractures, and there is a lack of theory in biomechanical performance between Kirschner wire internal fixation and splint external fixation in terms of stability.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the biomechanical characteristics of external fixation with splints and internal fixation with Kirschner wires in the treatment of Salter-Harris type II distal radial epiphyseal fractures in children through finite element experiments.
METHODS: Based on CT data of children's wrist joint, Salter-Harris type II distal radius epiphyseal fracture was simulated, and model A was established. On this basis, two different fixation methods were established: model B, Kirschner wire cross internal fixation (2 Kirschner wires); Model C, externally fixed with 4 clamps. Loads were applied to the model to simulate the displacement and stress distribution of the distal fracture end and the distal radioulnar joint of the wrist joint under axial pressure combined with pronation and supination conditions.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Model A has the highest displacement peak area and stress peak displacement degree in the vertical pressure combined pre rotation and post rotation motion states. The maximum stress and relative displacement values between the distal radius fracture end and the distal radioulnar joint are the highest. (2) Compared with Model C, Model B has a smaller maximum stress and displacement value, and the peak area of the displacement cloud map has also decreased. The peak area of the stress cloud map has shifted back towards the center. There is no significant difference in the percentage difference in the maximum stress and displacement values between Models B and C and Model A, indicating that the two fixing methods have similar effects on alleviating relative displacement and structural stress. (3) The results showed that Kirschner wire internal fixation and splint external fixation can effectively maintain the stability of the distal fracture end and the distal radioulnar joint. The splint, as an external fixation device and Kirschner wire internal fixation, showed similar fixation effects on Salter-Harris type II distal radial epiphyseal fractures.


Key words: radius, fracture, epiphysis, splint, Kirschner wire, external fixation, internal fixation, finite element analysis

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