中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (27): 7002-7008.doi: 10.12307/2026.799

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折5种内固定策略治疗的有限元分析

刘明祥,周祖龙,方  闰,孔令超,吴超凡,吴超群,张成楠,宁仁德   

  1. 安徽医科大学第三附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市  230061
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-05 接受日期:2025-12-12 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 宁仁德,博士,主任医师,安徽医科大学第三附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市 230061
  • 作者简介:刘明祥,男,1999年生,江西省赣州市人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    合肥市卫生健康应用医学研究项目(临床)资助项目(201917201),项目负责人:宁仁德;安徽省卫生委员会健康研究项目(AHWJ2024Aa30021),项目负责人:孔令超

Finite element analysis of five internal fixation strategies for Schatzker IV tibial plateau fractures

Liu Mingxiang, Zhou Zulong, Fang Run, Kong Lingchao, Wu Chaofan, Wu Chaoqun, Zhang Chengnan, Ning Rende   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2025-09-05 Accepted:2025-12-12 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-04-17
  • Contact: Ning Rende, PhD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Liu Mingxiang, MS candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Hefei Municipal Health Applied Medicine Research Project (Clinical), No. 201917201 (to NRD); Anhui Provincial Health Commission Health Research Project, No. AHWJ2024Aa30021 (to KLC)

摘要:

文题释义:

有限元分析:是一种强大的数值模拟工具,通过将复杂结构离散化为有限个单元,利用计算机软件进行模拟和分析,从而预测结构在不同载荷条件下的力学行为。它在工程、医学和材料科学等领域具有广泛的应用,能够提供精确的预测结果,优化设计,降低成本。

摘要
背景:Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折因累及主要负重区且软组织并发症率高而极具挑战性。传统双钢板固定虽可提供力学稳定性,却违背微创原则,且术后合并症较多,尤其对老年或高能量创伤患者不利。目前尚缺乏一种既能满足力学稳定性又能达到微创的内固定策略。
目的:通过有限元法建立Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折三维模型,对比5种不同内固定方式的生物力学稳定性,进而为Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折的治疗提供一种更优的术式选择。
方法:选择1名健康的男性志愿者进行膝关节CT扫描,利用有限元软件构建Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折模型。根据不同内固定方式设定为A、B、C、D、E组:A组为单独内侧钢板,B组为内侧钢板加2枚后内侧张力螺钉,C组为内侧钢板加2枚外侧张力螺钉,D组为后内侧双钢板,E组为内外侧双钢板。在相同的支撑和约束条件下,运用有限元分析软件评估5种内固定模型的生物力学特性。
结果与结论:①有限元分析结果表明,微创组合(B、C组)在整体生物力学表现上与传统双钢板相当;②B组是老年患者的理想选择,因为它的骨折块应力最低(9.039 2 MPa),可以有效预防骨质疏松相关塌陷,且经皮螺钉技术降低软组织并发症风险;③C组在青年患者中具有应用潜力,得益于最小的内植物位移(4.388 mm),可提供优异的稳定性,且外侧张力螺钉可避免后内侧入路相关血管神经损伤。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 胫骨平台骨折, 有限元分析, Schatzker Ⅳ型, 内固定, 力学稳定性, 微创

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Schatzker IV tibial plateau fractures are highly challenging due to their involvement of the primary weight-bearing area and high rate of soft tissue complications. Although traditional double plating provides mechanical stability, it violates the minimally invasive principle and is associated with more postoperative complications, especially in elderly patients or those with high-energy trauma. Currently, there is a lack of an internal fixation strategy that can meet both mechanical stability and minimally invasive requirements.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional model of Schatzker IV tibial plateau fractures using the finite element method and compare the biomechanical stability of five fixation methods to provide an optimal surgical option for the treatment of Schatzker IV tibial plateau fractures.
METHODS: A healthy male volunteer underwent knee CT scanning, and a Schatzker IV tibial plateau fracture model was constructed using finite-element software. Five internal-fixation configurations were defined as Groups A, B, C, D, and E. Group A: isolated medial plate; Group B: medial plate plus two posteromedial tension screws; Group C: medial plate plus two lateral tension screws; Group D: posteromedial double plating; Group E: medial-lateral double plating. Under identical boundary and constraint conditions, finite-element analysis software was employed to evaluate the biomechanical performance of five internal fixation models.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The finite element analysis results showed that the minimally invasive combinations (Groups B and C) had comparable overall biomechanical performance to traditional double plating. (2) Group B is an ideal choice for elderly patients because it has the lowest fracture fragment stress (9.039 2 MPa), which can effectively prevent osteoporosis-related collapse, and the percutaneous screw technique reduces the risk of soft tissue complications. (3) Group C has potential for application in young patients, thanks to its minimal implant displacement (4.388 mm), providing excellent stability, and the lateral tension screws avoid vascular and nerve injuries associated with the posteromedial approach.

Key words: tibial plateau fracture, finite element analysis, Schatzker IV, internal fixation, mechanical stability, minimally invasive

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