中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 2218-2224.doi: 10.12307/2025.369

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

不同月龄豚鼠自发膝骨关节炎过程中全膝关节的病理变化

胡笑燊1,李惠菁2,吕君玲3,肖显俊1,李  涓1,李  享3,刘  凌4,金荣疆1   

  1. 成都中医药大学,1养生康复学院,2临床医学院,3针灸推拿学院,四川省成都市  610075;4八一骨科医院,四川省成都市  610075
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22 接受日期:2024-05-28 出版日期:2025-04-18 发布日期:2024-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 金荣疆,博士,教授,博士生导师,成都中医药大学养生康复学院,四川省成都市 610075 并列通讯作者:刘凌,副主任医师,八一骨科医院,四川省成都市 610075
  • 作者简介:胡笑燊,男,1990年生,河南省镇平县人,汉族,2020年上海中医药大学毕业,博士,讲师,主要从事骨与关节慢性病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82205239),项目负责人:胡笑燊;国家自然科学基金项目(82105027),项目负责人:李享

Pathological changes in the total knee joint during spontaneous knee osteoarthritis in guinea pigs at different months of age

Hu Xiaoshen1, Li Huijing2, Lyu Junling3, Xiao Xianjun1, Li Juan1, Li Xiang3, Liu Ling4, Jin Rongjiang1   

  1. 1School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, 2School of Clinical Medicine, 3School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China; 4Bayi Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2024-04-22 Accepted:2024-05-28 Online:2025-04-18 Published:2024-08-10
  • Contact: Jin Rongjiang, MD, Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China Co-corresponding author: Liu Ling, Associate chief physician, Bayi Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Hu Xiaoshen, MD, Lecturer, School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82205239 (to HXS) and 82105027 (to LX)

摘要:


文题释义:
软骨下骨(subchondral bone):是指位于关节软骨下方的一层致密骨质结构,它对关节的正常功能和力学稳定性起着至关重要的作用。软骨下骨病变是指软骨下骨的结构和功能发生异常改变,常见的病变形式包括骨硬化、骨质疏松、骨髓水肿和微裂隙等。这些病变在膝骨关节炎中扮演着重要角色,且与疾病的进展和症状的严重程度密切相关。首先,软骨下骨的硬化和弹性降低增加了关节软骨的磨损;其次,骨髓水肿和炎症反应不仅加剧疼痛,还进一步破坏软骨下骨结构;最后,软骨下骨的硬化和骨质疏松的失衡破坏了支撑能力,加速了关节退变。这些病变共同推动了膝骨关节炎的进展和症状的加重。
骨髓损伤(bone marrow lesions):是指骨髓内组织发生病理性改变,如水肿、出血、纤维化和炎症等。骨髓位于骨骼内部,是红细胞、白细胞和血小板等血液细胞生成的场所,骨髓损伤会导致这些功能的异常,影响骨骼的健康和修复能力。在膝骨关节炎中,骨髓损伤表现为骨髓水肿和炎症反应。骨髓水肿是由于软骨下骨的微血管受损,导致液体渗出到骨髓腔内。炎症反应会加剧关节疼痛,并加速软骨和软骨下骨的退变,推动膝骨关节炎的进展和症状的加重。

背景:豚鼠因具有与人类相似的膝关节结构和接近的组织病理学特征,被认为是最有助于评估人类原发性骨关节炎的自发模型。
目的:通过对1-18月龄豚鼠的全膝关节组织病理学分析,探讨豚鼠自发膝骨关节炎的病理过程。
方法:选取健康1,6,10,14,16,18月龄Hartley雌性豚鼠各8只,将股四头肌进行苏木精-伊红染色,整体膝关节进行苏木精-伊红染色和甲苯胺蓝染色,在光镜下观察软骨、软骨下骨、滑膜、半月板、肌肉的组织病理学情况,进行关节软骨Mankin评分和滑膜炎评分,并进行二者的相关性分析。
结果与结论:①随着豚鼠月龄的增长,关节软骨Mankin评分越高(P < 0.05),滑膜炎病理评分也逐渐增高(P < 0.05),且二者之间存在显著正相关(r=0.641,P < 0.001);②18月龄豚鼠软骨下骨骨髓病变发病率达50%,半月板损伤发生率达37.5%;且出现不同程度的骨赘和关节间隙变窄等病变,仅有少数豚鼠出现股四头肌肉炎症;③结果说明豚鼠随着年龄增长,出现明显的软骨缺损、滑膜炎症、软骨下骨病变、半月板损伤、骨赘形成和关节间隙变窄等,均与人类原发性膝骨关节炎的病理过程相似,是理想的自发性膝骨关节炎模型。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5316-8590(胡笑燊)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 膝骨关节炎, 豚鼠, 病理, 软骨损伤, 滑膜炎, 骨髓损伤

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The guinea pig is considered to be the most useful spontaneous model for evaluating primary osteoarthritis in humans because of its similar knee joint structure and close histopathologic features to those of humans.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological process of spontaneous knee osteoarthritis in guinea pigs by analyzing the histopathology of the total knee joint of guinea pigs aged 1 to 18 months. 
METHODS: Eight healthy female Hartley guinea pigs in each age group of 1, 6, 10, 14, 16, and 18 months old were selected. The quadriceps femoris was taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the total knee joint was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. The histopathology of the cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, meniscus, and muscles were observed under light microscope. Mankin’s score and synovitis score were compared, and the correlation analysis was conducted. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As the guinea pig age increased, the Mankin’s score increased (P < 0.05), and the pathological score of synovitis also gradually increased (P < 0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between the two (r=0.641, P < 0.001). The incidence rate of subchondral bone marrow lesion in 18-month-old guinea pigs was 50%, and the incidence of meniscus injury was 37.5%. In addition, osteophyte and narrowing of the joint space were observed, and only a few guinea pigs had inflammation in the quadriceps femoris. To conclude, guinea pigs develop significant cartilage defects, synovial inflammation, subchondral bone lesions, meniscus injury, osteophyte formation, and joint space narrowing as they age, all of which are similar to the pathological processes of primary knee osteoarthritis in humans, making it an ideal model of spontaneous knee osteoarthritis.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: knee osteoarthritis, guinea pig, pathology, cartilage injury, synovitis, bone marrow lesion

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