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    21 May 2014, Volume 18 Issue 21 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Construction of calcium sulfate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells tissue-engineered bone for spinal fusion 
    Liu Xiao-yang, Li Guang-run, Liu Hong-tao, Hao Yong-qiang, Wang Jie-feng
    2014, 18 (21):  3281-3286.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.001
    Abstract ( 338 )   PDF (986KB) ( 522 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Calcium sulfate has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which is a safe and effective bone graft substitute.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the osteogenesis ability of calcium sulfate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
    METHODS: After L4/5 posterior lumbar discectomy, 36 rabbits were randomized into three groups: rabbits in autologous bone group were implanted with autologous iliac bone via the intervertebral space; animals in allogenic bone group were implanted with decalcified bovine bone; rabbits in tissue-engineered bone group were implanted with calcium sulfate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Bone formation and molding were observed by gross observation, anteroposterior and lateral X-ray, histology and biomechanics at 4, 8 and 16 weeks. Callus specimens were employed for histological observation of interbody fusion. Biomechanical analysis of spinal fusion site was conducted at 16 weeks.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sixteen weeks later, interbody fusion was complete in the autologous bone group, the trabecular bone bridged continuously and a large amount of woven bone was merged into pieces; in the allogenic bone group, incomplete bony fusion was found between the intervertebral space, most of cartilage tissues differentiated into bone, but fibrous tissue was also full of the central part; in the tissue-engineered bone group, interbody fusion was complete, and a large amount of woven bone was fused into pieces, while the artificial bone was absorbed and ossified with small residual. Failure strength and stiffness in the autologous bone and tissue-engineered bone groups were superior to those in the allogenic bone group. These findings indicate that the calcium sulfate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells tissue-engineered bone has excellent osteogenic and osteoinductive capacity that can exert a good function of promoting spinal interbody fusion.


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    Medical grade calcium sulfate bone incorporated with streptomycin in the treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis
    Chen Yong-zhong, Wang Jian-huo, Zhang Peng, Huang Zhe, Gong Yan-ding, Zhou Qing-bi
    2014, 18 (21):  3287-3292.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.002
    Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (874KB) ( 587 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Medical grade calcium sulfate bone for bone defects after removal of spinal tuberculosis is controversial; however, patients undergoing long-term intramuscular injection of streptomycin for anti-tuberculosis show a poor compliance, and local application can overcome these shortcomings.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical efficacy and outcome of medical grade calcium sulfate bone incorporated with streptomycin and autogenetic bone graft combined with posterior debridement and instrumentation for thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis.
    METHODS: From March 2008 to June 2012, 18 patients with thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis were treated with one-stage posterior debridement, medical grade calcium sulfate bone incorporated with streptomycin and autogenetic bone graft and instrumentation on the basis of regular anti-tuberculosis. Incision healing, adverse reactions and the change of clinical symptoms were recorded. Bone fusion and deformity correction were analyzed by the regular X-ray examination.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the patients acquired satisfactory incision healing without obvious general adverse reactions. Clinical symptoms were differently relived. Kyphosis was corrected to some degree and the correction had no loss. Seventeen patients were cured after the first operation. Tuberculosis recurred in one patient 9 months after the first surgery and was cured after the second anterior surgery. X-ray examination showed that the calcium sulfate bone was clear 1 week after surgery and unclear 3 months after surgery. Bone fusion appeared 6 to 9 months after operation. These findings indicate that the application of medical grade calcium sulfate bone incorporated with streptomycin could achieve good effects in the treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis, which is an excellent substitute material for bone graft. It not only could repair bone loss but also increase the concentration of anti-tuberculosis drugs.


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    Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion by cervical cage with bioactive glass
    Li Hong, Li Chun-de, Yi Xiao-dong, Liu Hong
    2014, 18 (21):  3293-3298.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.003
    Abstract ( 400 )   PDF (1174KB) ( 403 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Bioactive glass has been largely reported to have perfect clinical results in the bone nonunion and fracture healing, but its effect during spinal fusion progress is rarely reported.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and effectiveness of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion by cervical cage with bioactive glass
    METHODS: A total of 68 cases of cervical spondylosis myelopathy were treated with single level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. All the cases underwent polyetheretherketone cervical cage with autogenous bone (n=32, control group) or bioactive glass (n=32, experimental group). The bone fusion, neurological functional recovery, intervertebral height, change of cervical curve and wound complications in the two groups was recorded and analyzed.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Neurological improvement had no difference between the two groups and there was no complication about wound, such as infection and delayed healing. The average rate of bone fusion was 97% in the control group while 94% in the experiment group 3 months after operation which had no significant differences. Six months after operation, all cases gained bone fusion. The intervertebral height and change of cervical curve both maintained well in the two groups within 3, 6, 12 months after operation which had no significant differences between the two groups. So, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion by cervical cage with bioactive glass is safe and effective.


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    Effects of different implant methods on in vitro adhesion of tissue-engineered gingival cells
    Zhong Dai-qin, Zhou Qin-hu, Jin Chen-xin, Liang Yan
    2014, 18 (21):  3299-3303.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.004
    Abstract ( 356 )   PDF (295KB) ( 405 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: How to construct tissue-engineered periodontal tissue through efficient combination of scaffold materials and seed cells in vitro is an important direction of current research.
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the cell seeding efficiency of traditional static seeding method and collagen enclose seeding method to select a more appropriate seeding method for cell attach.
    METHODS: Gingival fibroblasts from dogs at certain concentrations were seeded onto polylactic acid-chitosan- gelatin scaffolds with gradient and uniform pore sizes using the traditional static seeding method and collagen enclose seeding method, respectively. The number of adherent cells was counted to calculate the seeding efficiency for data comparison.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell seeding efficiency of the collagen enclose seeding method was higher than that of the traditional static seeding method (P < 0.01). The collagen enclose seeding method can significantly improve the seeding efficiency and increase cell initial concentration on the scaffold, and this method can be used for gingival tissue engineering.


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    Effects of different resin core materials on the overall flexural strength of fiber posts
    Gao Shi-jun, Li Yi, Sun Shi-jie, Tan Jing, Li Nan
    2014, 18 (21):  3304-3309.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.005
    Abstract ( 395 )   PDF (452KB) ( 790 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Selection of resin core materials may affect the overall strength of the fiber posts.
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the overall flexural strength of five kinds of resin core materials combined with glass fiber posts.
    METHODS: Fifty viva glass fiber posts were randomly divided into five groups respectively binding to five different resin materials for repair: group A, MEDENTAL dual curing resin cement + glass fiber post; Group B, Tina dual curing resin cement + glass fiber post; group C, Bisco BisCem + glass fiber post; group D, 3M nano composite resin curing light P60 + glass fiber post; group E, PULPDENT dual curing resin cement + glass fiber post. The root canals were embedded with self-curing plastic, and fixed in the universal testing machine. The load in tooth length axis was added onto the core at a 135° angle with a loading speed of 1.0 mm/min, until the fracture. Then, the stress at fracture and the fracture mode were measured.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The flexural strength was (83.248±7.857) N in group, (89.230±4.326) N in group B, (95.188±5.147) N in group C, (76.646±6.463) N in group D, and (83.064±3.964) N in group E. Except groups A and E, there were significant differences between every two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that Bisco BisCem resin cement binding to the fiber post can obtain a higher flexural strength.


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    Preparation and cytotoxicity evaluation of chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel 
    Zhang Lin-pu, Wang Guan-hua, Lian Xiao-li, Li Yan-ni, Dai Xiao-hua
    2014, 18 (21):  3310-3315.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.006
    Abstract ( 1790 )   PDF (834KB) ( 1659 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Sodium alginate and chitosan are the polycation and polyanion natural polymer materials respectively, and they can be crosslinking agents complementing each other to form composite gel and avoid the cytotoxicity resulting from some common crosslinking agents .
    OBJECTIVE: To prepare the chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel and evaluate its cytotoxicity in vitro.
    METHODS: Chitosan was dissolved in 0.25 mol/L acetic acid to make a 30 g/L mass concentration solution, and 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution was added to neutralize its acidity. Neutralization of the chitosan solutions leads to the formation of a precipitate in ultrasmall particles. Then the chitosan and 3% sodium alginate solution in deionized water were mixed in 1:1 volume ratio by high frequency oscillating to produce composite gel. The composite gel were detected by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry after freeze-drying. The 24-hour and 72-hour leaching solutions of composite gel, 24-hour and 72-hour leaching solutions of polyethylene and phenol solution were added to the L-929 cells’ culture medium respectively in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of composite gel in vitro.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry showed the variation of characteristic peak values of composite gel which were different from sodium alginate and chitosan; and under scanning electron microscope, a spatial network structure formed with abundant intervals. Result of the cytotoxicity valuation was qualified for the chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel. These findings indicate that the chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel can be used as tissue engineering scaffold materials.


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    Preparation, characterization and biocompatibility of heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes
    Peng Yi-qing, Chen Jing-xiao, Teng Li-ping, Zhao Shan-cheng, Cheng Yong-mei, Deng Chao, Chen Jing-hua
    2014, 18 (21):  3316-3321.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.007
    Abstract ( 472 )   PDF (947KB) ( 371 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: With unique structure and physicochemical property, carbon nanotubes have promising application prospects in the fields of drug delivery, biosensor and biomaterials. However, carbon nanotubes are highly hydrophobic and trend to aggregate, and thus carbon nanotubes are hard to be dispersed in solution. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes induce blood coagulation and have cytotoxicity, which greatly limit the application of carbon nanotubes.
    OBJECTIVE: To prepare heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes and to study the effects of heparin-immobilization on the water solubility, stability as well as biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes.
    METHODS: By the method of covalent grafting, heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes was fabricated and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and carbazole assay. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the dispersing performance and suspension stability of heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes in aqueous solution. Anti-Xa activity and activated partial thromboplastin time assays were used to measure the anticoagulation activity of heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytocompatibility of heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Heparin was covalently linked to the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes successfully. The amount of heparin on single-walled carbon nanotubes was measured to be 257.53 mg/g. Heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes were well dispersed and stable in an aqueous solution without aggregation. The anti-Xa activity of heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes was measured to be 36.53 U/mg, suggesting a significant anticoagulant activity. Further study of activated partial thromboplastin time assay found that the anticoagulant effect of heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes could be prolonged. MTT assay revealed that heparinized single-walled carbon nanotubes had no cytotoxicity and showed good cytocompatibility. Taken together, the immobilization of heparin on single-walled carbon nanotubes will not only improve its solubility and stability in water, but also endow it with excellent biocompatibility.


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    Modification of superhydrophobic surface of TiAl6Vi4 and its bacteriostatic action in vitro
    Zhang Wei, Zhang Li-cheng, Zhang Li-hai, Wei Jun-qiang, Tang Pei-fu
    2014, 18 (21):  3322-3328.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.008
    Abstract ( 568 )   PDF (1285KB) ( 604 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity (i.e., surface wettability) are important factors affecting bacterial adhesion.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the bacteriostatic action on Staphylococcus aureus after changing wettability on TiAl6Vi4 plates by surface modification.
    METHODS: TiAl6Vi4 plates were buffered and polished, then divided into three groups, ten plates in each group. T1 group was prepared for TiO2 nanometer film on TiAl6Vi4 surface by electrochemically anodic oxidation method, and self-assembled PETS. T2 group was only prepared for TiO2 nanometer film. T3 group was only self-assembled PETS. All the groups were observed by contact angle measurements and Staphylococcus aureus adhesion on different surfaces was evaluated immersion in Staphylococcus aureus solution for 2 hours in vitro.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus aureus on the plates with hydrophilic surfaces (T1 group) aggregated reciprocally and overlapped together in the shape of grape cluster while those on the hydrophobic surfaces (T2 group) displayed a tendency of aggregation, however resulting in monolayer but not in grape-cluster like shape. On the contrary, bacteria on the plates with superhydrophobic surfaces (T3 group) distributed dispersedly with no bacteria-clusters or strings. Furthermore, along with the decline of hydrophilia, bacteria counts decreased gradually, exhibiting an increasing trend of separation among bacteria as well. Absorbance value of T3 group remained significantly higher than that of T1 and T2 groups (P < 0.05). It is indicated that titanium superhydrophobic surfaces are able to reduce Staphylococcus aureus adhesion and useful for prevention implant related infection of orthopedics.


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    Preosteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3 E1 cells on the new-type self-assembling peptide hydrogel NBD/RADA16
    Zhao Gang, Li Jing-ling, Wang Dan, Yu Jing, Zhao Yan-yu, Man Da-peng
    2014, 18 (21):  3329-3333.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.009
    Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (419KB) ( 581 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: RADA16 is a mature amphiphilic self-assembling peptide, which can be assembled into nanofibers, and promote MC3T3 E1 cell attachment, spreading and proliferation.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of the new-type self-assembling peptide hydrogel NBD/RADA16 on osteogenic differentiation of mouse preosteoblasts MC3T3 E1.
    METHODS: The MC3T3 E1 cells were inoculated in NBD/RADA16 self-assembling peptide hydrogel and RADA16 hydrogel for osteogenic induction. Cells undergoing simple osteogenic induction served as controls. After culture for 1, 3, 6 days, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was detected. After 7 days, western blot assay was used to determine the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2. After 21 days, alizarin red staining was used to observe calcified nodules.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MC3T3 E1 cells grew well on the NBD/RADA16 peptide hydrogel, which were superior to those on the RADA16 hydrogel. The activity of alkaline phoshpatase was higher in the NBD/RADA16 group than the RADA16 and control groups (P < 0.01). Compared with the RADA16 hydrogel, mineralized matrix deposition and expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 were higher on the NBD/RADA16 peptide hydrogel (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that the NBD/RADA16 peptide hydrogel is superior to the RADA16 hydrogel for promoting the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 E1 cells.


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    Repairing articular cartilage defects using subchondral drilling and cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein delivery system
    Wang Hao, Wang Wei
    2014, 18 (21):  3334-3340.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.010
    Abstract ( 441 )   PDF (720KB) ( 354 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins have an important regulatory role in inducing cell differentiation and promoting cartilage repair. Subchondral drilling for treating cartilage defects in clinical practice has been widely used, but the related study on combined application of the cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1 (CDMP-1) and other factors is less.
    OBJECTIVE: To combine the subchondral drilling technology with hyaluronic acid-coated CDMP-1 (HA/CDMP-1) microspheres for observation of their effects on the repair of cartilage defects, and meanwhile to compare the therapeutic effects among combination group, subchondral drilling group and HA/CDMP-1 group as well as to observe whether there is a synergistic effect. 
    METHODS: HA/CDMP-1 microspheres were prepared and cryopreserved. Full-thickness articular cartilage defect models were prepared in rabbits, and then the model rabbits were divided into model group (intra-articular injection of normal saline), subchondral drilling group (subchondral drilling), HA/CDMP-1 group (intra-articular injection of HA/CDMP-1), combination group (subchondral drilling+intra-articular injection of HA/CDMP-1).
     RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 8, 12, 16 weeks after modeling, histological observations suggested that the coverage area of repair tissue was higher in the combination group than the other groups (P < 0.05). Toluidine blue staining and quantitative PCR showed that the mRNA expression of proteoglycan and type II collagen was also significantly higher than in the combination group than the other groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the intra-articular injection of HA/CDMP-1 combined with subchondral drilling can promote the repair of articular cartilage damage effectively, suggesting a possible synergy between them.


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    Sustained-release capacity of bone morphogenetic protein composite scaffolds
    Xie Jiang-ning, Chen Jing-jia
    2014, 18 (21):  3341-3344.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.011
    Abstract ( 378 )   PDF (281KB) ( 327 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Clinical trials have proved that nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen bone scaffold has good tissue compatibility, suitable porosity and degradation performance, but it is limited by the lack of sustained-release growth factors and induced osteogenic capacity.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the sustained-release system of polyethylene pyrrolinone modified nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffold carrying bone morphogenetic protein.
    METHODS: Samples were divided into three groups, and there were two cryogenic vials in each group. In the experimental group, a piece of 5 mm×5 mm×5 mm nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen bone was placed per vial and mixed with polyethylene pyrrolinone at -4 ℃ overnight, and bone morphogenetic protein solution was then added followed by vacuum pumping and cryopreservation. In the control group 1, a piece of 5 mm×5 mm×5 mm nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen bone was placed per vial and mixed with bone morphogenetic protein solution followed by vacuum pumping and cryopreservation. In the control group 2, a piece of 5 mm×5 mm×5 mm non-decalcified rat cancellous bone was placed per vial and mixed with polyethylene pyrrolinone at -4 ℃ overnight, and bone morphogenetic protein solution was then added followed by vacuum pumping and cryopreservation. After 14 days, the in vitro release activity of bone morphogenetic protein in the three groups was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 14 days, the absorbance values of bone morphogenetic protein in the two control groups were close to 0, whereas the experimental group showed a higher absorbance value (P < 0.05). It indicates that polyethylene pyrrolinone modified bone morphogenetic protein/nano-hydroxyapatite composite  scaffold presents good sustained-release effects.


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    Polyethyenimine-polyethylene glycol as a gene transfer vector for spiral ganglion cells in vitro
    Chen Guan-gui, Xu Ya-li
    2014, 18 (21):  3345-3349.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.012
    Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (525KB) ( 515 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: A new kind of polyethyenimine-polyethylene glycol (PEI-PEG) is apt to synthesis and modification, and has good stability, easily regulated structure and properties, which has been applied to a variety of diseases as gene transfer vectors.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility and the characteristics of nanoparticles PEI-PEG as gene transfer vector for spiral ganglion cells of the inner ear of mice. 
    METHODS: Using PEI-PEG (experimental group) and lipofectamineTM 2000 (control group) as gene transfer vectors, with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as tracing protein, spiral ganglion cells were transfected in vitro, the transfection rate and mean fluorescence strength were detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Toxicity effects of each vector on spiral ganglion cells were determined by spectroscopic measurement of MTT method.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After transfection with two vectors, spiral ganglion cells had no changes in morphology. The transfection rate of PEI-PEG was statistically higher than that of liposome (P < 0.05). Also, the toxicity effects of PEI-PEG to spiral ganglion cells was lightly than that of liposome (P < 0.05). As a new gene transfer vector, PEI-PEG has a higher transfection rate and lower toxicity effects to spiral ganglion cells compared to liposome, and can serve as gene transferring system into cochlear nervous system.


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    Antimicrobial and sealant properties of nanohydroxyapatite as endodontic sealer
    Wang Jian-ping, Geogi George
    2014, 18 (21):  3350-3354.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.013
    Abstract ( 364 )   PDF (304KB) ( 877 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Depending on different pH values, nanohydroxyapatite materials have different purities, whether root canal sealers formed by which exert effects on antimicrobial resistance, root canal closure and apical histocompatibility has no reports.
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the antimicrobial and sealant properties of nanohydroxyapatite materials with different pH, nanohydroxyapatite-composite and traditional root canal sealants.
    METHODS: We detected the antimicrobial action of nanohydroxyapatite with pH 8, 9, 10, Vitapex and AH-Plus root canal sealants with and without addition of ornidazole against three microbial strains namely Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus using agar diffusion method. And we also analyzed the endodontic microleakage of six root canal sealants by determining the apical reservoir glucose concentration using Glucose Oxidase Method. 
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pure nanohydroxyapatite with different pH did not show antimicrobial properties. Addition of ornidazole to nanohydroxyapatite showed greater inhibitory action against Enterococcus faecalis, lesser in Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Candida albicans. Vitapex root canal sealer had inhibitory effects only against Staphylococcus aureus. AH-Plus, itself, had antimicrobial activity against all the three strains, but the antimicrobial activity decreased after addition of ornidazole. Nanohydroxyapatite, as a root canal sealant, was superior to zinc oxide eugenol and Vitapex, but inferior to AH-Plus. Addition of ornidazole to nanohydroxyapatite for a short period showed no impact on sealant properties of the material.


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    Gatifloxa-polysebacic anhydride local delivery system for prevention of osteomyelitis in rabbits
    Lu Feng, Yan Xue-zheng, Ma Shu-you, Zhang Hong-tu
    2014, 18 (21):  3355-3360.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.014
    Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (403KB) ( 372 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Polyanhydride materials characterized as surface corrosion resistance, biodegradability and adjustable release rate have been used as drug delivery materials for the body, but the application of polysebacic anhydride delivery system has been rarely reported.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the role of gatifloxa-polysebacic anhydride local delivery system in the prevention of osteomyelitis in rabbits.
    METHODS: According to Norden method, we made Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis models in the femur of 30 rabbits. There were three groups in the study, 10 rats in each group. Gatifloxa-polysebacic anhydride local delivery system and gatifloxa were respectively used in comparison with model group. After modeling, general observation, anatomical observation, X-ray examination, bone culture and bacteria counting, and histological examination were performed.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 8 weeks, animals in the model group presented with poor appetite, rough fur, and weight loss. Among these 10 rabbits, 3 rabbits died within 3 weeks, and another 7 rabbits appeared to have severe periosteal reactions on the X-ray films, that is, abscess formation shown in the anatomical examination and visible manifestation of osteomyelitis through bone culture and histological examination. In the gatifloxa group, two rabbits died within 3 weeks, abscess formation was found in four rabbits, and periosteal reactions were mild without bone sequestration. Six of 10 rabbits in the gatifloxa appeared to have manifestation of osteomyelitis. In the delivery system group, the animals had a good general state of health and no abnormality 
    was found in the anatomical examination, X-ray examination, bone culture and bacteria count, and histological examination. These findings indicate that the gatifloxa-polysebacic anhydride local sustained release preparation could effectively prevent osteomyelitis.


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    Combination of olfactory ensheathing cells and chitosan in treatment of peripheral nerve injury
    Chang Rui, Yin Xiao-long, Shang Bao-sheng, He Peng
    2014, 18 (21):  3361-3366.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.015
    Abstract ( 309 )   PDF (361KB) ( 408 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Olfactory ensheathing cells can promote the repair of the central nervous system. Composite engineering materials prepared by the combination of chitosan and collagen have been widely used in the construction of tissue-engineered nerve conduits.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the repair effect of olfactory ensheathing cells and chitosan in the treatment of sciatic nerve injury in rats.
    METHODS: Rat models of sciatic nerve injury were prepared. Olfactory ensheathing cells combined with chitosan scaffold were used to connect the injured sciatic nerve. In the chitosan scaffold group, only the chitosan scaffold was utilized. In the control group, no treatment was done.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 1–4 weeks following surgery, sciatic functional index and motion evoked potential were monitored and histological examination was performed. Sciatic functional index was significantly improved in the olfactory ensheathing cells+chitosan scaffold group (P < 0.05). Motion evoked potential was significantly lower in the olfactory ensheathing cells+chitosan scaffold group compared with other groups (P < 0.001). Histological examinations showed new nerve fibers and rare inflammatory reaction in the olfactory ensheathing cells+chitosan scaffold group. These findings indicate that autologous olfactory ensheathing cells combined with chitosan scaffold exerts good repair effects on treatment of sciatic nerve injury, and can be considered as an ideal tissue engineering material.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Collagen/bioactive glass/chitosan composite scaffolds
    Meng Yong-chun, Chen Xiao-feng, Nan Kai-hui, Li Yu-li, Luo Xiao-gang, Deng Chun-lin
    2014, 18 (21):  3367-3373.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.016
    Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (1236KB) ( 565 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Collagen/bioactive glass composite materials possess excellent osteogenic potential and biocompatibility, but its application in bone tissue engineering is limited by mechanical property and degradation.
    OBJECTIVE: To construct collagen/bioactive glass/chitosan composite scaffolds with good mechanical property, anti-degradation ability and bone repair property.
    METHODS: Bioactive glass/collagen composite scaffolds with chitosan as dispersant were prepared by lyophylization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic biomechanical testing were used to characterize the structure and properties of the composite scaffolds.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Results show that charge-attractions in pre-prepared bioactive glass/chitosan solution increased the homogeneity of bioactive glass dispersed in collagen gel and the compressive modulus and strength increased significantly due to the homogeneity and intermolecular interactions between chitosan and collagen. The enzymatic degradation rate and mineralization activity in the simulated body fluid were also lower because of a high degree of embedment of bioactive glass in collagen/chitosan matrix, and entanglement of collagen in chitosan at molecular level, which decreased the exposure of bioactive glass to the simulated body fluid, and collagen to enzyme solution.


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    Cardiovascular effects of polymethylmethacrylate in percutaneous vertebroplasty
    Song Qi-zhi, Li Tao, Feng Cheng-bin, Lin Ya-jun, Hong Hao
    2014, 18 (21):  3374-3379.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.017
    Abstract ( 252 )   PDF (276KB) ( 332 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: The study on polymethylmethacrylate effects on the cardiovascular system during percutaneous vertebroplasty is limited.
    OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of polymethylmethacrylate on the cardiovascular system during percutaneous vertebroplasty.
    METHODS: From July 2011 to September 2013, a total of 104 patients (167 vertebral bodies) with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and without serious cardiovascular related basic diseases were enrolled in this retrospective study. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation were recorded at the following time points: before local anesthesia, before polymethylmethacrylate injection, 0, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after polymethylmethacrylate injection.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean arterial pressure was decreased after polymethylmethacrylate injection at 0, 5 minutes (P < 0.05) and 3 minutes (P < 0.01), and returned to the pre-injection level at 10 minutes. At the same time, the heart rate was increased after polymethylmethacrylate injection at 0, 5 minutes (P < 0.05) and 3 minutes (P < 0.01), and returned to the pre-injection level at 10 minutes. Oxygen saturation was over 95%, which was unchanged before and after polymethylmethacrylate injection. The results indicated that polymethylmethacrylate injection has a transient effect on cardiovascular system during percutaneous vertebroplasty.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Ototoxicity of nitinol implantation into the acoustic vesicle of guinea pigs
    Zhang Yuan-yuan, Xiao Zi-an, Li Xiu-guo
    2014, 18 (21):  3380-3385.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.018
    Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (395KB) ( 383 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: As a self-expanding stent and occlude, nitinol has become very mature, but it has been rarely reported as a ossicular chain reconstruction material.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the ototoxicity of nitinol after implanted into the acoustic vesicle of guinea pigs.
    METHODS: Fifty healthy guinea pigs with acute hearing were used in this study. One ear of each guinea pig was enrolled into the experimental group randomly, and the other ear of the guinea pigs was divided into control group I (titanium implantation group, 25 ears) and control group II (opened acoustic vesicle without implanting, 25 ears) equally. Five guinea pigs included in control I and control II groups were executed at days 7, 14, 28, 56, 112 after implantation randomly and respectively. The morphological observation to cochlea was carried by hematoxylin- eosin staining of cochlear slices. The apoptosis and deletion of hair cells were observed by acridine orange/propidium iodide fluorescent staining. The stereocilium arrangement was examined with scanning electron microscope. And the hair cell’s organelle was observed by transmission electron microscope. The auditory function was evaluated by auditory brainstem response and distortion otoacoustic emission response at pre-implantation and pre-execute.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that there was no obvious change or morphological variation in the cochlear tissues and cells after nitinol and titanium implantation into the acoustic vesicle. No hair cell apoptosis was observed by acridine orange/propidium iodide fluorescent staining. The scanning electron microscopy showed that stereocilias were arranged normally. No abnormal changes in the stereocilia and the organella of hair cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. There was no significant difference between auditory brainstem response threshold before and at days 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112 after implantation. Meanwhile, the through rate of distortion otoacoustic emission response was 100% in each group. These findings indicate that no significant influence on cochlear morphology and auditory function is found, suggesting no ototoxicity of the nitinol implantation into the acoustic vesicle of guinea pigs.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Feasibility of in situ eyelid reconstruction in guinea pigs using human umbilical cord jelly 
    Wang Ling, Fang Yan-ning, Bu Xian-min, Chen Chao, Liu Jun
    2014, 18 (21):  3386-3390.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.019
    Abstract ( 237 )   PDF (964KB) ( 394 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Healthy human umbilical cord jelly is a mucous connective tissue without vessels and has been used in eye plastic operation because of its elasticity and toughness. It contains lysozyme, placental globulin, hyaluronic acid enzyme, AMP antibody and complement, and also contains a lot of mesenchymal stem cells, so it is not prone to infection and rejection.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the histocompatibility and histopathological changes of human umbilical cord jelly as a tarsal substitute transplanted for eyelid reconstruction in guinea pigs.
    METHODS: The mucous connective tissue of healthy neonate umbilical cord jelly was made into tissue blocks at even thickness. Models of tarsal defects were established in guinea pigs, and then the mucous connective tissue of healthy neonate umbilical cord jelly was implanted. Samples of implanted materials were collected for histological examination at 1, 2, 3 weeks postoperation under light microscope.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no obvious rejection, infection and eyelid deformation observed, the 
    corneas of all the animals were clear, corneal epithelial shedding did not occur, and the eyelid could move normally. One week after implantation, there was no infection and rejection on the conjunctiva and the incision of the eyelid, the eyelid could move normally, and partial inflammatory cells were observed between the human umbilical cord jelly and the muscle of the eyelid with microscopy. Two weeks after implantation, there was no infection and rejection on the conjunctiva and the incision of the eyelid, the cornea was clear, the eyelid and eye could move normally, and no symblepharon occurred; umbilical cord jelly showed the tendency of absorption, and the inflammatory cells were reduced at 2 weeks after implantation. Three weeks after implantation, the incision of the conjunctiva healed well, the cornea was clear; there was no difference in the eyelid form and movement between the two eyes; the umbilical cord jelly was absorbed partially, normal fibrous tissues formed and there were no inflammatory cells. With low immunogenicity, human umbilical cord jelly can guide the growth of new collagen and serve as an ideal tarsal substitute.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Degradable materials for bone tissue engineering and their vascularization: existing problems and application prospects
    Cen Chao-de, Luo Cong
    2014, 18 (21):  3391-3397.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.020
    Abstract ( 325 )   PDF (400KB) ( 534 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Using degradable materials for bone tissue engineering to treat bone defects is the best choice at present. How to ensure adequate vascularization in materials in order to meet the need of blood supply and an exchange of nutrients for seed cells in the process of bone regeneration is becoming a critical problem reversed from basic research to clinical application.
    OBJECTIVE: To review the biodegradable materials for bone tissue engineering and the ways to promote vascularization in materials.
    METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and PMC databases was performed by the first author for the literature about biodegradable materials for bone tissue engineering and their vascularization published from 1993 to 2013. The key words were “degradable materials, bone tissue engineering, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, osteogenesis” in English.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The commonly used biodegradable materials for bone tissue engineering include synthetic polymer materials, magnesium alloy, bioactive glass ceramics, calcium phosphate ceramics and composites. We can promote the vascularization of tissue-engineered bone by the following aspects: scaffold fabrication, growth factors, the application of endothelial progenitor cells, cells co-culture and microsurgical techniques. Although the research on the vascularization of tissue-engineered bone has made a great progress, there is still a lot of shortcomings. We believe that, with the development of mechanism of angiogenesis, the vascularized tissue-engineered bone will have a promising prospect because of improving the structure and properties of materials, promoting the ability of release-controlled growth factors and their synergies, optimizing the selection and mixed culture of seed cells and improving the microsurgical techniques.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Applications of stem cells and acellular nerve scaffolds in the repair of long-segment peripheral nerve defects
    Chi Hao-tian, Yang Yun-kang
    2014, 18 (21):  3398-3405.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.021
    Abstract ( 227 )   PDF (402KB) ( 392 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Transplanting seed cells into suitable vehicle materials can construct tissue-engineered nerve bridging graft with bioactivity and corresponding function. Tissue-engineered nerve bridging graft from stem cells and acellular allogeneic nerve is becoming a important transplanted substance in the field of long-segment peripheral nerve defects, and has been some promising prospect.
    OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application of stem cells and the acellular allogenic acellular nerve scaffold in the peripheral nerve deficit
    METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI was performed by the authors to retrieve articles concerning stem cells and acellular allogeneic nerves in the repair of long-segmental peripheral nerve defects published from January 1998 to February 2014. The keywords were “stem cells, peripheral nerve defect, acellular allogeneic nerves” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totally 1 013 literatures were retrieved, among which 97 met the inclusion criteria.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: First, stem cells converge at the lesion site because of their own chemotaxis and various chemotactic factors released after tissue lesion to secrete a large amount of nutrients that can promote the reparation of the damaged nerve function. Secondly, with the help of the surrounding environment and the intrinsic differentiation bias, stem cells can differentiate and replace the damaged and dead nerve cells. Besides, stem cells transplantation combined with tissue engineering materials can reduce glial scar formation, and promote the repair of peripheral nerve defects. Stem cells can enhance the junction between nerve synapses and create a new neural circuit. Neural stem cells have the potential of differentiating into other nerve cells. However, the differentiation and regulation mechanism is not explicit. There is no effective way to improve the microcirculation in order to turn more stem cells into neurons and oligodendrocytes and maintain the cellular activity. So, the effective inhibition of the immune rejection in early stage after transplantation is the key of our study. After the nerve transplantation, how to improve the speed and quality of the neuranagensis and maintain the tissue structure and function of the target organ needs a long way of fumble.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Relationship between implant design and marginal bone loss around oral implants: current situation and controversy 
    Li Ping, Dai Jing-tao, Li An, Tang You-chao
    2014, 18 (21):  3406-3411.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.022
    Abstract ( 1206 )   PDF (744KB) ( 994 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Marginal bone loss around oral implants may represent a threat to implant stability and aesthetics. In addition to two major factors (overloading and infection), implant design play a role of critical factor.
    OBJECTIVE: To review the relationship between implant design and marginal bone loss around oral implants
    METHODS: PubMed, SCI database and CNKI (2000-01/2013-12) were retrieved for articles about the relationship between implant design and marginal bone loss around oral implants, with the key words of “implant design, marginal bone loss, bone loss, bone defect” in English and Chinese, respectively. Independent literatures and repetition research with this review were excluded were excluded. According to the inclusive and exclusion criteria, 43 articles were included in result analysis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Avoiding bone loss is to ensure the health of soft and hard tissue around implant and it is the basic requirement of aesthetic restoration. Optimizing implant design has a great impact on marginal bone loss around oral implants. We should try to consider the following factors during implant restoration: the size of the implant, a reasonable choice of different implant neck design, one-piece implant, abutment and implant design-abutment connections.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Phase II study on surface construction and biocompatibility of polymer materials as cardiovascular devices: surface construction and biological responses
    Chen Bao-lin, Wang Dong-an
    2014, 18 (21):  3412-3419.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.023
    Abstract ( 406 )   PDF (209KB) ( 529 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular biomaterials applied under the blood-contact conditions must have anti-thrombotic, anti-biodegradable and anti-infective properties.
    OBJECTIVE: To develop novel polymer materials for implantation and intervention in cardiovascular tissue engineering and then to explore the biological, blood and cell compatibilities of corresponding surface-modified polymer biomaterials based on surface construction and biological response.
    METHODS: We retrieved PubMed and WanFang databases for relevant articles publishing from 1984 to 2013. The key words were “biocompatibility, blood compatibility, biomedical materials, biomedical polymer materials” in English and Chinese, respectively.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Here, we analyze the following four aspects: protein adsorption, biometric identification in cell adhesion, and the “waterfall model” for enzyme catalysis during blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Consequently, it is concluded that the functional surface construction of polymer biomaterials and research on corresponding biocompatibility and endothelial cell compatibility are crucial for developing novel polymer materials for implantation and intervention in cardiovascular tissue engineering. Through in-depth studies of the types and applications of polymer biomaterials, cardiovascular medical devices and implantable soft tissue substitutes, the differences between the surface and the body will be reflected in the many layers of molecules extending from the surface to the body. Two major factors, surface energy and molecular mobility, determine the body/surface behaviors that include body/surface differences and phase separation. Considering the difference between body/surface composition, an additional determinant is indispensable, that is the crystallization behavior of each component.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Modification of cardiovascular grafts with peptides to promote endothelializaion
    Liu Zhen, Xiong Shao-hu, Zhang Chuan-sen
    2014, 18 (21):  3420-3424.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.024
    Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (378KB) ( 592 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Modification with peptides to mimic the functional proteins of extracellular matrix can promote adhesion and spreading of endothelial cells, and facilitate endothelialization.
    OBJECTIVE: To review the studies concerning the modification with peptides in the endothelialization of cardiovascular implants in recent years, and to provide the new ideas for relative research.
    METHODS: The PubMed database was retrieved with computer from January 1990 to December 2013 for the articles on peptides modification to facilitate endothelialization. The key words were “peptides, surface modification, endothelialization”. Finally, 43 articles were included for review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Peptides derived from extracellular matrix proteins are used to modify cardiovascular materials, which can improve the adhesion of endothelial cells, and also avoid the defects by directly employing the natural extracellular matrix components. Nonspecific peptides, including RGD and YIGSR, can promote the adhesion of a variety of cell types including endothelial cells. Specific peptides, including REDV, CAG and SVVYGLR, can selectively promote endothelial cell adhesion and spreading. Surface modification with specific peptides can specifically promote endothelialization of biomaterials. The combined application of specific peptides with other biological information molecules or several peptides may be the alternative approach to promote endothelialization of cardiovascular implants.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Breast reconstruction with silicone implants and acellular dermal matrix in women with Poland syndrome 
    Zhang Qiong-ge, Wang Xi-mei, Guo Li-li, Wan Cheng, Dong Hai-jiang
    2014, 18 (21):  3425-3430.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.025
    Abstract ( 342 )   PDF (372KB) ( 391 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Women with Poland syndrome are often accompanied by breast dysplasia and even agenesis, absence of breast and breast deformity. For such patients, we can implement different operations according to the degree of deformity, for remodeling the breast and improving chest shape.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of breast reconstruction with silicone implants and acellular dermal matrix in Poland patients with breast deformity.
    METHODS: A retrospective analysis of six female cases of Poland syndrome was conducted, including four patients with unilateral (bilateral) breast agenesis, hypoplasia of the ipsilateral (bilateral) pectoralis major muscle, less tissue volume than the healthy side who were subjected to implantation of silicone breast prostheses, and two patients with unilateral breast agenesis, agenesis of the pectoralis major muscle and ribs, poor and adhered chest wall soft tissue who were subjected to implantation of silicone breast prosthesis and acellular dermal matrix combined with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Six patients at day 4 after operation presented with edema, among whom, one appeared to have wound exudate. But all the six patients were healed. Then, the patients were followed up for 1-12 months. Outline of breast prosthesis could be touched in three cases, and one case presented with moderate hardness of the breast. However, there were no breast nodules and pain, no scar hyperplasia of the breast. Breast was uniform in appearance, with no wrinkle. These findings confirm that the silicone breast prosthesis with acellular dermal matrix is easy to operate, can reduce intraoperative injury, decrease the difficulty of the operation and alleviate the suffering of patients, which can obtain better clinical effects in the strict grasp of indications.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Invisible immediate dentures for the anterior teeth: satisfaction evaluation
    Wang Hua, Gao Zhen, Kuang Hua
    2014, 18 (21):  3431-3437.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.026
    Abstract ( 386 )   PDF (251KB) ( 732 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Invisible denture is made from elastic polymer resin materials. It has preferable elasticity, flexibility and translucence.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of immediate restoration using invisible denture for the anterior teeth.
    METHODS: Seventy patients scheduled for anterior tooth extraction were divided into two groups including the experimental group (n=35) by the use of invisible denture for immediate restoration 30 minutes after the removal of teeth, and the control group (n=35) by the use of traditional plastic denture for immediate restoration 30 minutes after the removal of teeth. A questionnaire on satisfaction was used in the study in order to examine patient’s satisfaction of the denture immediately after treatment and 3 months after treatment respectively.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1)First wear: the experimental group had the superior satisfaction in outward appearance, phonetic function and retention function, while the control group showed better satisfaction in phonetic function and retention function. The experimental group showed obviously better outcomes in outward appearance than the control group (P < 0.000 1). (2)Three months after first wear: the experimental group had the superior satisfaction in outward appearance, comfort, phonetic function, retention function and masticatory function. The control group had the superior satisfaction in phonetic function and retention function. The experimental group showed obviously better outcomes in outward appearance than the control group (P < 0.000 1). The invisible immediate denture for the anterior teeth has favorable clinical effect and shows better effects on the outward appearance than the plastic denture.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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    Ankle-foot orthosis improves walking ability of hemiplegic patients: a Meta-analysis
    Liu Wei-hong, Liu Tao, Yi Li, Fu Li-na
    2014, 18 (21):  3438-3444.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.027
    Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (303KB) ( 431 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that ankle-foot orthosis can increase the feedback on the input information from receptors in the skin of the foot and leg to improve the ankle joint position sense, and promote brain function reorganization.
    OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effect of ankle-foot orthosis on the improvement of walking in hemiplegic patients.
    METHODS: The Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP database were searched for reports of randomized controlled trials of ankle-foot orthosis to improve walking ability in hemiplegic patients, from the date of establishment of each database to June 2013. The randomized controlled trials which met the criteria were included for the Meta-analysis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 9 randomized controlled trials involving 456 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with conventional treatment and drug therapy, ankle foot orthosis via the continuous treatment shows certain advantages to improve lower extremity motor function in hemiplegic patients, life skills and 10-meter maximum walking speed. Due to a limited number of included documents, the remaining indicators such as walking speed, stride difference and balance function were only for appropriate descriptive analysis. The results suggested that, by improving abnormal gait, walking speed, stride frequency, gait cycle, space asymmetry, ankle muscle spasms and balancing, the ankle-foot orthosis could achieve the goal of improving walking function. Ankle-foot orthoses could not be confirmed to exert the role in the following indicators, including time asymmetry, double support phase prolongation and stride length. This evidence shows that ankle-foot orthoses in hemiplegic patients may promote recovery of motor function of the lower limbs and activities of daily living to a certain extent, but the more high-quality, multi-center randomized controlled trials with large samples are necessary.


    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


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