Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (20): 3259-3265.doi: 10.12307/2023.482

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Role and application of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the repair of osteochondral defects

Wang Buyu, Zhang Yong, Li Feifei, Dong Xiaoyu, Deng Jiang, Ruan Shiqiang   

  1. Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (First People’s Hospital of Zunyi City), Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-07-14 Accepted:2022-08-24 Online:2023-07-18 Published:2022-11-21
  • Contact: Ruan Shiqiang, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (First People’s Hospital of Zunyi City), Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Wang Buyu, Physician, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (First People’s Hospital of Zunyi City), Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Joint Science and Technology Research and Development Fund Project of Zunyi First People’s Hospital & Zunyi Science and Technology Bureau, No. HZ(2019)186 (to RSQ); Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Program Projects, Nos. ZK[2021] 393 and LC[2022]029 (to RSQ); Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Provincial Health and Health Commission, No. gzwkj2021-259 (to RSQ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Repair of osteochondral defects is a major challenge that orthopedic surgeons face today, because current treatments fail to achieve satisfactory results. With the development of tissue engineering in recent years, new hope has been brought for the repair of osteochondral defects. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 is an important factor involved in bone growth, development, and repair, with good osteoinductive effects. In recent years, it has been found that bone morphogenetic protein 2 also has an effect on cartilage development.
Objective: To investigate the research progress of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the repair of osteochondral defects in recent years and to provide new ideas and strategies for the treatment of osteochondral defects by summarizing the application of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the repair of various types of bone defects.
Methods: WanFang, CNKI, and PubMed databases were searched for literature regarding the mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the repair of osteochondral defects and its application in osteochondral tissue engineering published between January 1, 2012 and July 1, 2022. The search terms were “Bone morphogenetic protein 2, Chondrocytes, Cartilage defects, Bone defects, Mesenchymal stem cells, MSC, Signaling pathways” in Chinese and English.

Results and Conclusion: Bone morphogenetic protein 2 promotes chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and can maintain the chondrocyte phenotype to maintain cartilage properties. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 controls chondrogenesis by regulating chondrocyte glucose metabolism. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 acts on osteogenesis through the classical Smad 1/5/8 signaling pathway, but the mechanism of chondrogenesis is not clear. The current research and application of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in tissue engineering mainly focus on the field of bone defect repair, and less is reported on cartilage defect repair. How to prevent bone morphogenetic protein 2 from promoting the transformation of chondrocytes to hypertrophic chondrocytes will be the focus of future research.

Key words: bone morphogenetic protein 2, signaling pathway, bone defect, cartilage defect, slow release system, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, chondrocyte, tissue engineering

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