Pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture with spinal cord injury: a comparison of the selective injury segment and the whole bone graft fusion

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.17.008

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Spinal canal decompression is needed in posterior pedicle screw fixation surgery for thoracolumbar burst fractures combine with spinal cord injury. The structure of posterior spine is often damaged. The posterolateral bone fusion in all fixed segment is still the main surgery. In order to further reduce fusion segment and maintain motor unit, it is necessary to perform selective segmental bone graft fusion during fixation and decompression.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the advantages of selective posterolateral vertebral fusion for thoracolumbar fracture with spinal injury through comparing with posterolateral vertebral fusion.

METHODS: Data of 83 thoracolumbar burst fracture cases, who received posterior lumbar decompression and short segment fixation with pedicle screws and bone graft through injured vertebra from January 2006 to July 2013, were analyzed retrospectively. According to fusion segments, above patients were divided into selective posterolateral vertebral fusion group (n=42) and the whole posterolateral vertebral fusion group (n=41). Perioperative index, internal fixation, vertebral height loss rate, Cobb angle, spinal nerve recovery and Oswestry Disability Index were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All cases were followed up for 25-32 months. (2) There was no statistical significance in operation time, intraoperative blood loss and ambulation time between the two groups (P > 0.05). Postoperative drainage volume was less in the selective posterolateral vertebral fusion group than in the whole posterolateral vertebral fusion group (P < 0.05). Before removal of fixator, there was no loosened fixator or breakage of screw or stick. (3) There were improvements in the rate of vertebral front height loss and Cobb angle in both groups at various time points after operation (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the rate of vertebral front height loss and Cobb angle in both groups (P > 0.05). (4) There was no significant difference in fusion rate at 6 months after treatment between the two groups (P > 0.05). Fusion was achieved in both groups before removal of the fixator. (5) Spinal nerve recovery was found after treatment in both groups. No significant difference in Oswestry Disability Index was detected in final follow-up (P > 0.05). (6) Results verified that compared with the whole posterolateral vertebral fusion, selective posterolateral vertebral fusion can obtain a good vertebral height and prevent Cobb angle loss again, reduce the internal fixation loosening and breakage. After removal of the fixator, selective posterolateral vertebral fusion can reduce spinal motion unit lost, and decrease the adjacent vertebral degeneration.
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

Key words: Spinal Fractures, Spinal Fusion, Bone Nails, Tissue Engineering

Shi Xiao-lin, Zhang Hao, Liu Lei, Shi Xiao-dong, Jin Xiao-ning, Liu Qing-ge, Yuan Wei-dong. Pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture with spinal cord injury: a comparison of the selective injury segment and the whole bone graft fusion[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2016, 20(17): 2488-2495.

Figures/Tables 8

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