Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (31): 8181-8189.doi: 10.12307/2026.438
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Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of somatostatin receptor-mediated regulation of adrenal corticosteroid synthesis
Deng Siyu1, 2, Chen Zhongyuan3, Jiang Jinghang4, Guo Yi2, Zheng Jie2, Wang Honghong2, Wang Yifu1, Mo Zengnan1, Jiang Yonghua1, 2
- 1Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 3Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 202150, China; 4Jingmen People's Hospital Affiliated to Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, Hubei Province, China
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Received:2025-09-17Accepted:2026-01-24Online:2026-11-08Published:2026-05-25 -
Contact:Jiang Yonghua, PhD, Professor, Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China -
About author:Deng Siyu, MS candidate, Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China Chen Zhongyuan, MS, Junior laboratory technician, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 202150, China Deng Siyu and Chen Zhongyuan contributed equally to this article. -
Supported by:Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2021JJA140912 (to JYH); Guangxi Key Research and Development Program, No. GuikeAB21196022, GuikeAA22412, GuikeAA22398 (to MZN); Guangxi Innovation-Driven Development Program, No. AA18118016 (to MZN); Nanning Municipal Science and Technology Development Program Major Project, No. 20221023 (to JYH); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82460160 (to JYH); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82270806 (to MZN); Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation, No. 2024AFB776 (to JJH)
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Deng Siyu, Chen Zhongyuan, Jiang Jinghang, Guo Yi, Zheng Jie, Wang Honghong, Wang Yifu, Mo Zengnan, Jiang Yonghua. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of somatostatin receptor-mediated regulation of adrenal corticosteroid synthesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(31): 8181-8189.
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2.1 生长抑素-生长抑素受体配受体对在胚胎和成人肾上腺的单细胞转录组图谱分析 对胎儿和成人肾上腺单细胞测序数据进行分析。首先通过降维和聚类分析，结果提示胚胎肾上腺的细胞类型主要为胚胎免疫细胞、成纤维细胞、类固醇生成细胞、髓质细胞和胚胎上皮细胞，成人肾上腺的细胞类型主要为成人免疫细胞、束状带细胞、成人上皮细胞、网状带细胞、球状带细胞、平滑肌细胞和胚胎髓质细胞(图2A，B)。数据分析发现，无论胚胎还是成人的肾上腺中主要的生长抑素受体为生长抑素受体2(图2C，D)，在胚胎肾上腺中表达生长抑素受体2的细胞主要是胚胎上皮细胞和类固醇生成细胞，成人肾上腺中表达生长抑素受体2的细胞主要是球状带细胞、成人上皮细胞和网状带细胞(图2C，D)。以上数据表明生长抑素可能会通过生长抑素受体2作用于肾上腺。因而此次研究进一步在细胞实验上进行验证。 "
2.2 细胞实验探索生长抑素对肾上腺皮质激素合成的调控机制 2.2.1 qRT-PCR和免疫荧光定位生长抑素受体 在此次研究中采用人肾上腺皮质癌细胞H295R作为体外干预对象，通过qRT-PCR检测NCI-H295R细胞中生长抑素受体1-5不同亚型的基因表达水平(表2)。结果表明在NCI-H295R细胞中主要表达的是生长抑素受体2，随后通过细胞免疫荧光确认了生长抑素受体2在NCI-H295R细胞中存在蛋白表达(图3)。 "
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2.2.2 ELISA法检测生长抑素对人肾上腺皮质癌细胞主要类固醇激素合成的影响 在确认人肾上腺皮质癌细胞存在生长抑素受体存在后，使用梯度浓度(0，1，10，100，1 000 nmol/L)的生长抑素处理NCI-H295R细胞。24 h后收集细胞上清，通过ELISA实验测定培养液中人肾上腺皮质癌细胞主要产生3种类固醇激素的含量(表3)。与对照组相比，10 nmol/L生长抑素组细胞醛固酮分泌有减少趋势(P < 0.05)，皮质醇的分泌没有明显改变(P > 0.05)。在1 nmol/L生长抑素刺激下，可以有效抑制人肾上腺皮质癌细胞脱氢表雄酮的分泌；10 nmol/L和100 nmol/L生长抑素组细胞的脱氢表雄酮分泌明显增加，分别为(49.73±3.03) nmol/L，(51.13±6.31) nmol/L(P均 < 0.05)，这种现象可能是激活其他G蛋白亚型(如Gq)或受体二聚化(如与生长抑素受体5异源二聚)触发非经典信号[30]，导致CYB5A上调并促进脱氢表雄酮合成；而1 000 nmol/L生长抑素组细胞脱氢表雄酮的分泌又受到抑制(34.71±1.56) nmol/L (P < 0.05)。以上结果表明，生长抑素干预可以影响人肾上腺皮质癌细胞的脱氢表雄酮和醛固酮分泌，但不影响皮质醇的分泌。考虑到10 nmol/L和100 nmol/L生长抑素刺激后脱氢表雄酮的产量相差不大，在后续实验中选取1 nmol/L和10 nmol/L生长抑素用作基因和蛋白水平的验证。"
2.2.3 生长抑素对人肾上腺皮质癌细胞类固醇激素关键基因表达量的影响 首先通过qRT-PCR检测类固醇合成通路关键代谢酶基因StAR、CYP11A1、SULT2A1、HSD3B2、CYP17A1、CYB5A、CYP21A2、CYP11B1、CYP11B2、AKR1C3、HSD11B2的表达变化(图4，表4)。检测结果显示，1 nmol/L生长抑素组与对照组相比，CYB5A降低为(0.32±0.18) nmol/L(P < 0.05)，说明1 nmol/L生长抑素可以抑制人肾上腺皮质癌细胞脱氢表雄酮合成通路关键基因CYB5A的表达水平。之后用流式细胞术检测CYP17A1、HSD3B2、CYP5A蛋白水平的表达变化，与对照组相比，1 nmol/L生长抑素组细胞CYP17A1的比例[(30.13±0.57)%]明显降低(P < 0.05)，CYB5A和HSD3B2的比例无明显变化(P > 0.05)。10 nmol/L组细胞的CYP17A1比例[(32.40±0.99)%]也出现明显降低(P < 0.05)，CYB5A的比例[(1.04±0.15)%]明显增加(P < 0.05)，而HSD3B2的比例无明显改变(P > 0.05)(图5，表5)。以上结果提示，1 nmol/L生长抑素对脱氢表雄酮合成的抑制作用可能是通过下调CYP17A1产生的，而10 nmol/L生长抑素对脱氢表雄酮合成的促进作用可能是通过上调CYB5A促进了脱氢表雄酮的分泌。"
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2.2.4 生长抑素对人肾上腺皮质癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响 生长抑素具有抑制细胞增殖和促进细胞凋亡的作用。该实验为了验证生长抑素是否对人肾上腺皮质有类似的调控作用，观察了人肾上腺皮质癌细胞在1 nmol/L和10 nmol/L浓度下的生长情况。光镜下观察细胞形态发现，与对照组相比，1 nmol/L和10 nmol/L浓度下人肾上腺皮质癌细胞的细胞形态并无明显改变(图6)。随后进行了CCK8细胞增殖率和流式细胞凋亡检测，在不同浓度(0，1，10，100，1 000，10 000 nmol/L)的生长抑素刺激下，CCK8结果显示随着生长抑素浓度的增加，细胞的增殖率逐渐下降，与对照组相比，生长抑素在100，1 000，10 000 nmol/L浓度下，细胞增殖率下降显著(均P < 0.05)(图7，表6)。流式细胞凋亡实验结果显示，与对照组相比，1 nmol/L和10 nmol/L生长抑素组细胞的早、晚期凋亡率和总凋亡率与对照组相比变化不大(图8，表7)。以上结果提示高浓度生长抑素能抑制肾上腺皮质细胞的增殖，但对凋亡未有显著调控作用。 此次研究发现，不同浓度的生长抑素对皮质醇的合成分泌没有明显影响(P > 0.05)，而对醛固酮和肾上腺雄激素脱氢表雄酮的合成产生影响。 "
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