MAKO robot- and navigation-assisted knee replacement: comparison of lower limb force alignment and prosthesis position accuracy

doi:10.12307/2025.845

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Knee replacement is a successful technology for treating severe knee diseases, but there are still problems such as low surgical precision, long operation time, and long postoperative recovery period. The clinical application of intelligent orthopedic robots can solve these problems and make knee replacement technology more optimized.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of MAKO robot-assisted knee replacement with navigation knee replacement.
METHODS: Twenty-five patients treated with MAKO robot-assisted knee replacement in Xuzhou Renci Hospital from January to December 2022 were selected as observation group. 100 patients treated with navigation knee replacement during the same period were selected as the control group. Perioperative related indexes of the two groups were compared, including planned and actual medial proximal tibial angle, distal lateral femoral angle, hip-knee-ankle angle, visual analog scale score, joint range of motion, American Knee Society functional score, and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index score before and 3 months after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time of observation group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the intraoperative blood loss was significantly less (P < 0.05). (2) The difference of medial proximal tibial angle, distal lateral femoral angle, and hip-knee-ankle angle in observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) Three months after surgery, visual analog scale score in both groups was lower than that before surgery (P < 0.05); range of motion in both groups was higher than that before surgery (P < 0.05). Visual analog scale score in observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and range of motion in observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) Three months after surgery, the clinical and functional scores of American Knee Society in both groups were higher than those before surgery (P < 0.05), and those in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (5) Three months after surgery, the scores of function, stiffness and pain of Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index in both groups were lower than those before surgery (P < 0.05), and the scores in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (6) It is indicated that compared with navigational knee replacement, MAKO robot-assisted knee replacement can decrease intraoperative blood loss, reduce lower limb force line and prosthesis position error, help to accurately place prosthesis, achieve planned force line, diminish postoperative pain, improve knee motion, and promote the recovery of knee function.

Key words: knee replacement, MAKO robot, computer navigation, knee joint function, lower limb alignment, knee range of motion

CLC Number:

Jiang Tao, Zhang Chuankai, Hao Liang, Liu Yong. MAKO robot- and navigation-assisted knee replacement: comparison of lower limb force alignment and prosthesis position accuracy[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2025, 29(33): 7150-7157.

Figures/Tables 9

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