Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (29): 4702-4708.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2784

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Morphological traits in the head and face of Kazakh adults in Yili, Xinjiang

Chen Shengguo1, Yang Wenqing1, Jia Long1, Maerhaba•Tuerdihuojia2, Wang Shuiquan1, Bai Xin1,Dong Jianjiang1, Kaisaierjiang • Duolaiti1, Nuermaimaiti • Bahaxiaer1    

  1. 1Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Gongliu Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Gongliu 835400, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-09-20 Revised:2019-09-24 Accepted:2019-11-07 Online:2020-10-18 Published:2020-09-15
  • Contact: Nuermaimaiti • Bahaxiaer, Professor, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Chen Shengguo, MD, Associate professor, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31460269

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The Kazakhs mainly live in the Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in northwestern Xinjiang. About 80% of the Kazakhs live in the areas of Yili, Tacheng, and Altay. To fully understand the physical characteristics of Kazakhs, a viviperception and head and face measurements of Kazakhs at the age of 20 and 86 were performed in Gilgelang Township, Gongliu County, Xinjiang.

OBJECTIVE: To grasp the morphological traits in the head and face of Kazakh adults in Xinjiang.

METHODS: Thirty-one head-face indexes of 422 Kazakh adults (219 males and 203 females) from Jiergelang county, Xinjiang were investigated. Twelve physical indices of the head and face were calculated.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the Kazakh group, the incidence of eye fold of the upper eyelid was 92.7%; the rate of mongoloid fold was 9.9%; the appearance rates of flat and vertical types was 6.6% and 93.4%, respectively; the appearance rates of convex, concave and straight nasal profiles were 7.8%, 36.5% and 55.7%, respectively; the appearance rates of oblique, vertical and horizontal nostril shapes were 69.5%, 20.8% and 9.7%, respectively; the appearance rates of the chin of straight type and convex type were 68.2% and 31.8%, respectively; the appearance rates of earlobe type and non-earlobe type were 96.7% and 3.3%, respectively; the appearance rates of forehead hairline and non-forehead hairline were 72% and 28%, respectively; the appearance rates of straight hair and curly hair were 99.1% and 0.9%, respectively. Most of Kazakh males have dolichocephaly and hyperdolichocephaly (81.7%, 52.5%), hypsicephaly (93.6%), aerocephaly (84%), hyrerleptorrhiny (98.2%), and hypercuryen (74%). Kazak females most have dolichocephaly and hyperdolichocephaly (76.4%, 55.7%), hypsicephaly (97%), aerocephaly (84%), hyrerleptorrhiny (98.2%), and hypercuryen (74%). The head-face characteristics of Kazak population belongs to the North Asian type of Mongoloid．

Key words: head, face, appearance, morphological characteristics, genetic characteristics, age variation, Xinjiang, Yili, Kazakh group

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