Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for treatment for onset type 1 diabetes mellitus

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.19.009

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells have self-replicating, immune tolerance and tissue repair characteristics. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease mainly resulting from islet beta-cell damage. In view of this, mesenchymal stem cells can be considered to prevent and treat type 1 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on the newly-onset type 1 diabetic mice (NOD mice).
METHODS: Type 1 diabetes model mice (NOD mice) were selected and divided into control group (Group A, mice without onset were injected with normal saline 1 mL into the tail vein), interventional group (Group B, onset mice were injected with 1 mL stem cells into the tail vein, 1 × 10⁶ cells per mouse), and group without injection of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells after onset (Group C, onset mice were injected with normal saline 1 mL into the tail vein). Three months later, blood glucose and daily insulin dose were detected; the number and proportion of CD4⁺, CD8⁺T cells and CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells were determined using a flow cytometry; levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; and fasting and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent double antibody sandwich method. Islet morphology and lymphocyte infiltration were observed based on pathological sections. The number and size of the islet α and β cells were determined by using immunohistochemical method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the group C, the immunohistochemical results confirmed that infiltration of lymphocytes in the group B was significantly reduced, the structure of islet α and β cells was more complete and the number of α and β cells was significantly increased and consistent. (2) Compared with the group C, the CD4⁺ T cell number and the rate of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells in the group B were lower (P < 0.05), while the number of CD4⁺ CD25⁺ regulatory T cells in the group B was higher (P < 0.01). (3) Compared with the group C, the tumor necrosis factor-α level was significantly lower in the group B, but interleukin-10 level was increased in the group B (P < 0.01). (4) Compared with the group C, the group B had lower blood glucose level and insulin dose, but a higher C-peptide level (P < 0.05). It is indicated that umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells have a positive effect on the treatment of onset type 1 diabetes mellitus, which can reduce blood glucose level and insulin dose.

Key words: stem cells, stem cell transplantation, type 1 diabetes mellitus, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell, NOD mice, islet cells, insulin dose, regulatory T cells, cytokines, other grants-supported paper, stem cell photographs-containing paper, stem cell photographs-containing paper

CLC Number:

R394.2

Yu Wen-long, Xu Wei, Yu Jiang-su, Wang Li, Gao Hong, Wang Yan-gang. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for treatment for onset type 1 diabetes mellitus[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2013, 17(19): 3474-3480.

Figures/Tables 6

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