Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 631-636.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1948

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Chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterial for prevention and treatment of oral diseases

Liu Haiyan1,2, Hu Yang1, Wu Xiuping2, Pan Haobo1, Jing Xuan2   

  1. 1Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Liaoning Province, China; 2School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University Stomatological Hospital, Taiyuan  030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2019-03-08 Revised:2019-03-16 Accepted:2019-05-23 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-01-07
  • Contact: Hu Yang, Associate investigator, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Liu Haiyan, Master candidate, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Liaoning Province, China; School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University Stomatological Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31570967, Nos. 31870956, 81672227

Abstract:


BACKGROUND: Polysaccharide-based biomaterials are hydrophilic and can promote cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. They can not only effectively prevent against oral diseases, but also promote the regeneration of periodontal ligament, enamel and alveolar bone.

OBJECTIVE: To review the application of chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterial in many oral diseases.

METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed to retrieve papers regarding application of chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterial in oral diseases with the search terms “polysaccharide (chitosan or hyaluronic acid or cellulose) and oral disease” in Chinese and English.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterial can be used in periodontal, oral and maxillofacial systems, aesthetic restoration, orthodontics and other fields because chitosan has aminoglucan-like structure and the biological functions of cellulose and collagen, and possesses good biocompatibility. In the early stage of the disease, polysaccharide substance can prevent the occurrence of oral diseases and inhibit the accumulation of plaque microorganisms. During the repair period of the disease, polysaccharide substance itself can promote cell proliferation and differentiation, and has a good antibacterial effect. With the help of the specific efficacy of polysaccharide biomaterials, polysaccharide can effectively exert adhesion, antibacterial and regeneration effects. In addition, polysaccharides can also be digested to monosaccharides in vivo, which is good for tissue repair. In the future therapeutic field, the degradability, biocompatibility, easy availability, specific network structure, surface charge and other characteristics of the polysaccharide can be better utilized to expand the application range.

Key words: polysaccharide-based biomaterial, chitosan, polymer, biocompatibility, oral disease, regeneration, modification, application

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