Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (23): 3740-3745.doi: 10.12307/2021.048

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Advances in the mechanisms of optic nerve regeneration

Li Shanshan, You Ran, Guo Xiaoxiao, Zhao Lu, Wang Yanling, Chen Xi   

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2020-03-23 Revised:2020-03-27 Accepted:2020-07-04 Online:2021-08-18 Published:2021-02-24
  • Contact: Wang Yanling, MD, Chief physician, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China Co-corresponding author: Chen Xi, MD, Physician, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • About author:Li Shanshan, MD candidate, Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Project), No. 81870686 (to WYL); Beijing Natural Science Foundation, No. 7184201 (to CX); Capital Health Development Research Special Fund, No. 2018-1-2021 (to WYL)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The optic nerve has been widely used as a main carrier for promoting or inhibiting axon regeneration in the central nervous system.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in the mechanism of optic nerve regeneration
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang database were searched for relevant studies using the keywords of “optic nerve, axon regeneration, retinal ganglion cell” in English and Chinese, respectively. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Although retinal ganglion cells in adults show no capacity to regenerate their axons following optic nerve damage, in the past several decades, studies have shown that retinal ganglion cells have the potential to partially regenerate axons under proper conditions. Recently, some degree of regeneration has been achieved through a segment of peripheral nerve grafted to the optic nerve, or the optic nerve itself by factors associated with intraocular inflammation, or by applying trophic factors, blocking suppressors of axon growth or altering levels of the intracellular signaling pathway. Combinatorial treatments that include two or more of these factors enable some retinal ganglion cells to regenerate axons from the eye through the entire length of the optic nerve and across the optic chiasm. In some cases, regenerating axons have been shown to innervate the appropriate central target areas and elicit postsynaptic responses. Thus, progress in optic nerve regeneration holds promise not only for visual restoration but also for improving outcomes after injury to other parts of the mature central nervous system.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: optic nerve,  axon regeneration, retinal ganglion cell, inflammatory stimulation,  neurotrophic factor, PTEN

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