Characterization of the cross-structure and composition of crucian fish scales

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0949

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Fish scales have become the focus of research because of their ultra-light and excellent toughness.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the cross-scale structure and composition of fish scales.

METHODS: The fresh fish scales were cleaned with deionized water. The samples were then examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the light microscope, the outer surface of the fish scale was rough, and the whole structure was divided into two parts, covering area and exposed area. The fish scale presented with an irregular hexagonal state, and arranged in the form of a cover tile on the fish body surface to form a microscopic corrugated surface structure. (2) Under the scanning electron microscope, the cross-section was roughly divided into five layers, the third and fourth layers were in the fiber state, and the first, second and fifth layers were the dense layers. The main elements of the first three layers were carbon, oxygen, phosphorus and calcium. The fourth layer was mainly made up of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, and contained a little amount of other elements. The fifth layer contained only carbon and oxygen. (3) The infrared spectrum analysis results showed that the outer surface of fish scales was mainly inorganic, and the inner surface was mainly organic, except for a few inorganic components. (4) X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the fish scale was mainly composed of organic components, and the spectrum showed no peak of inorganic components. After properly treated, the inorganic components of the fish scales were mainly hydroxyapatite. (5) Thermal analysis results showed that the main component of fish scales was organic matter. All these findings reveal that the fish scale is a layered composite structure composed of organic collagen and inorganic hydroxyapatite, which gives the fish scales excellent toughness, and therefore, the fish scale can effectively protect the body from being attacked and damaged.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Key words: Molecular Structure, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, X-Ray Diffraction, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Duan Ting-ting, Wang Ji-hui, Guo Yan, Xu Xing-ya, Wang De-gong, Zheng Wei, Huang Yu-song, Li Ning,Wang Ling, Xin Pei-xun. Characterization of the cross-structure and composition of crucian fish scales[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(26): 4191-4195.

Figures/Tables 8

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