Effect of nano-scaled surface roughness on the biological properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0883

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite ceramic is one of the bioactive ceramics commonly used in clinic. Accurate regulation of the surface microstructure of hydroxyapatite ceramics is favorable for improving its biological

performance, which is needed to be investigated thoroughly.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of surface roughness on the wettability and protein adsorption ability of hydroxyapatite ceramic as well as mesenchymal stem cell proliferation on its surface.

METHODS: Hydroxyapatite powders were synthesized by chemical precipitation method. Hydroxyapatite ceramics were produced by cold isostatic pressing of the powders and then high-temperature sintering of the obtained green compacts. After the different grinding and polishing processes, the hydroxyapatite ceramics with three distinct surface roughness were fabricated. The phase composition, microstructure, surface roughness and water contact angle of the hydroxyapatite ceramics were evaluated. Bovine serum albumin was used as the protein model to study the effect of surface roughness on protein adsorption. The in vitro cell culture was carried out to investigate the effect of surface roughness of hydroxyapatite ceramics on the growth and proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hydroxyapatite ceramics with no surface treatment had higher surface roughness, presenting with marked undulating surface; the hydroxyapatite ceramics with surface grinding had a reduction in the surface roughness, but still had an undulating surface; and the hydroxyapatite ceramics with polishing treatment had a smooth surface. The surface roughness of the three hydroxyapatite ceramics with different surface treatment as mentioned above was 448.4, 229.9 and 18.6 nm, respectively, and there was a significant difference between them. The results of contact angle tests indicated that water contact angle of the hydroxyapatite ceramic was influenced by its surface roughness. Lower surface roughness meant larger contact angle, leading to the decreased hydrophilicity of the hydroxyapatite ceramics. The protein adsorption experiment showed that the hydroxyapatite ceramics were favorable for bovine serum albumin adsorption, and the amount of the adsorbed bovine serum albumin was dependent on the surface roughness of the ceramic as well as the initial concentration of the protein solution. The hydroxyapatite ceramics with higher surface roughness would absorb more bovine serum albumin, and the bovine serum albumin adsorption increased with the increasing initial concentration of the protein solution. The in vitro cell culture confirmed that surface roughness impacted the proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Although the good attachment and growth of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were observed on the three hydroxyapatite ceramics, faster proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells occurred on the hydroxyapatite ceramics with lower and nano-scaled surface roughness was observed. Therefore, the surface roughness of hydroxyapatite ceramics exerts great effects on hydrophobicity, protein adsorption, and cell proliferation and growth.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Key words: Hydroxyapatites, Nanostructures, Cell proliferation, Tissue engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Liu Dan, Wu Yong-hao, Li Xiang-feng, Zhu Xiang-dong, Zhang Xing-dong. Effect of nano-scaled surface roughness on the biological properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(18): 2903-2909.

Figures/Tables 7

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