Constructing nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone for repair of mandibular bone defects

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0844

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone is a good scaffold material possessing the merits of stem cells and nanomaterials to fabricate bone and soft tissue formation.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the method of constructing nano-sized cell-type tissue-engineered bone and to explore its application in the repair of mandibular bone defects.

METHODS: One New Zealand white rabbit was taken to isolate bone marrow stromal stem cells by centrifugation. Then, the cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts. Osteoblasts (3×10⁸/L, 10 μL) were inoculated into the prepared nano-phase hydroxyapatite/collagen composite to produce the nano-sized cell-type tissue-engineered bone. Another 20 New Zealand white rabbits were taken to make a unilateral puncture-type bone defect model of 15 mm×8 mm. These model rabbits were thereafter randomized into control and artificial bone groups (n=10 per group), followed by no intervention and implantation of nano-sized cell-type tissue-engineered bone, respectively. Repair effects were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the inverted microscope, osteoblasts grew along the material in each group, and the number of cells increased with the prolongation of the culture time. (2) Under the scanning electron microscope, a large number of spindle- or polygon-shaped adherent cells grew well on the surface of the tissue-engineered bone. (3) The defect in the artificial bone group was lessened at 4 weeks after implantation and disappeared at 8 weeks after implantation, and there was no clear boundary with the surrounding tissue. In the control group, the defect size changed little at 4 weeks and reduced at 8 weeks after implantation, and a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue was observed. (4) Bone density, trabecular thickness and trabecular number were significantly higher in the artificial bone group than the control group at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation (P < 0.05). (5) At 4 weeks after implantation, many new bones at the defect site were detected in the artificial bone group, and a large number of mature bone cells were visible at 8 weeks. In the control group, a few osteoblasts were found at the defect site with low bone maturation at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. These findings suggest that the implantation of nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone into the defect site can considerably promote defect healing and achieve ideal repair effects.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Key words: Hydroxyapatites, Collagen, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Mandible, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Li Dong-mei, Liu Xin-hui, Li Qing-xing. Constructing nanosized cell-type tissue-engineered bone for repair of mandibular bone defects[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(14): 2146-2151.

Figures/Tables 5

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