Finite element analysis for self-made femoral head brace device in the treatment of early femoral head necrosis

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0123

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Core decompression for early adult ischemic necrosis of femoral head gets the identity of most scholars, but the postoperative femoral head easily experiences collapse. How to prevent collapse is still a problem to be solved currently.

OBJECTIVE: To perform biomechanical analysis of femoral head ischemic necrosis by using the finite element method and to provide biomechanical basis for the treatment of early adult femoral head necrosis.

METHODS: One fresh femur specimen died of accidental death in youth and young adults was obtained, and no deformity or fracture was found. X-ray confirmed that it did not have tumor or osteoporosis. Spiral CT was used to scan normal femoral head and neck, pulp core decompression of femoral head and neck, brace device placement and bone-graft of femoral head and neck for acquiring image data from the proximal to distal vertical longitudinal axis. Scanning data were input in the Mimics software. Finite element method was utilized for biomechanical analysis of femoral head and neck of three models.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The stress dispersal and downward conduction of normal femoral head was concentrated in the shaft of the femur and the tensile stress was concentrated in the rotor socket. (2) After pulp core decompression, the stress concentration, displacement and strain increased in the weight-bearing area of femoral head. (3) The stress of the internal bracing was similar to that of normal femoral head. (4) The stress of weight bearing area of femoral head is concentrated, and the strain is increased, so that weight bearing area is easy to collapse after pulp core decompression. The more stress distribution, more bearing load and less strain of implant and bone graft model, are conformed to the normal mechanical properties of the normal femoral head and neck.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

Key words: Femur Head Necrosis, Finite Element Analysis, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Yang Li-feng, Xiao Dong-min, Peng Chun-lei, Li Kang-hua, Yang Bin-hui, Liu Feng-hu, Wei Yong-kun, Zhang Bo, Li Wu-jian, Zheng Jin-zhe, Wang Wei-gang. Finite element analysis for self-made femoral head brace device in the treatment of early femoral head necrosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(7): 1096-1101.

Figures/Tables 2

2.1 负载试验正常股骨头受压后应力分散并向下传导，压应力集中在股骨距、张应力集中于转子窝；髓芯减压后股骨头部负重区应力集中，位移大，应变增大，股骨头容易塌陷；内撑器置入并植骨后应力、应变的变化与正常股骨头部应力、应变相近(图4)。 2.2 正常股骨头部位移载荷曲线分析从股骨头内侧向外侧应力开始逐渐增高，在3.8 cm处应力集中达峰值 6 325 kPa，然后峰值下降应力减少，在3.29 cm处应力再次逐渐增加，在2.82 cm处达到4 746 kPa然后曲线平缓，在股骨头部外侧应力逐渐减少且应力大小变化趋于平缓，从而分析应力主要集中于股骨头前外侧(图5)。 2.3 减压股骨头部位移载荷曲线分析减压股骨头部负载后，从股骨头内侧向外侧应力开始增高，在股骨头表面4.25 cm处，应力集中达峰值21 020 kPa，然后应力减少，在2.82-2.35 cm处应力集中；逐渐向外侧应力减小，曲线平缓。在股骨头部外侧应力逐渐减少，应力大小变化平稳；在4.23-2.82 cm处应力最小，说明减压区应力减小，减压周围应力集中(图6)。 2.4 股骨头内撑器固定模型位移载荷曲线分析从股骨头内侧到外侧应力逐渐增加，且应力增加是逐渐增加，趋于平缓；在2.35-2.82 cm处应力集中达峰值2 421 kPa，应力小于正常股骨头部应力值；较正常股骨头部应力集中部位峰值远，应力值较正常小，从图分析内撑器分担了应力，防止了股骨头塌陷，能为股骨头髓芯减压后提供有效支撑(图7)。 2.5 各种模型股骨头内侧向外侧的位移云图正常股骨模型股骨头部位移最大值为-0.632 mm(负值)；大转子区最小，为-0.114 mm(图8)。减压模型股骨头部位移最大值为-0.682 mm(负值)；大转子区最小，为-0.260 mm(图9)。内撑器模型股骨头部最大值为-0.442 mm(负值)；大转子区最小，为-0.188 mm(图10)。比较3种模型位移云图，减压模型位移最大，应变最大，说明容易塌陷；内撑器模型位移最小，应变最小，不容易塌陷，可以达到正常模型的机械支撑。"

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