Behavior of cartilage-derived microtissue and ability of cartilage formation in three-dimensional dynamic and static culture conditions

doi:10.12307/2024.191

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Compared with traditional two-dimensional culture, three-dimensional microtissue culture can show greater advantages. However, more favorable cultivation methods in three-dimensional culture still need to be further explored.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cell behavior of microtissue and its ability to promote cartilage formation under two three-dimensional culture methods.
METHODS: Cartilage-derived microcarriers were prepared by chemical decellularization and tissue crushing. DNA quantification and nuclear staining were used to verify the success of decellularization, and histological staining was used to observe the matrix retention before and after decellularization. The microcarriers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and CCK-8 assay. Cartilage-derived microtissues were constructed by combining cartilage-derived microcarriers with human adipose mesenchymal stem cells through three-dimensional static culture and three-dimensional dynamic culture methods. The cell viability and chondrogenic ability of the two groups of microtissues were detected by scanning electron microscopy, live and dead staining, and RT-qPCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Cartilage-derived microcarriers were successfully prepared. Compared with before decellularization, the DNA content significantly decreased after decellularization (P < 0.001). Scanning electron microscope observation showed that the surface of the microcarrier was surrounded by collagen, maintaining the characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix of cartilage cells. CCK-8 assay indicated that microcarriers had no cytotoxicity and could promote cell proliferation. (2) Scanning electron microscopy and live and dead staining results showed that compared with the three-dimensional static group, the three-dimensional dynamic group had a more extended morphology of microtissue cells, and extensive connections between cells and cells, between cells and matrix, and between matrix. (3) The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of SOX9, proteoglycan, and type II collagen in microtissues of both groups were increased at 7 or 14 days. The relative expression levels of each gene in the three-dimensional dynamic group were significantly higher than those in the three-dimensional static group at 14 days (P < 0.05). At 21 days, the three-dimensional static group had significantly higher gene expression compared with the three-diomensional dynamic group (P < 0.001). (4) The results showed that compared with three-dimensional static culture microtissue, three-dimensional dynamic culture microtissue could achieve higher expression of chondrogen-related genes in a shorter time, showing better cell viability and chondrogenic ability.

Key words: articular cartilage injury, tissue engineering, human adipose mesenchymal stem cell, microtissue, three-dimensional dynamic culture

CLC Number:

Liu Wei, Jiang Hongyu, Chen Jiajie, Gao Yuyang, Guan Yanjun, Jia Zhibo, Jiao Ying, Hua Zhen, Jiang Gehan, He Ying, Wang Aiyuan, Peng Jiang, Qi Jianhong. Behavior of cartilage-derived microtissue and ability of cartilage formation in three-dimensional dynamic and static culture conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2024, 28(25): 4022-4026.

Figures/Tables 6

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