Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2446-2453.doi: 10.12307/2022.605

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The role of spleen tyrosine kinase in bone remodeling

Chen Yiyuan, Yang Qian, Wu Saixuan, Zhang Mi, Dong Ming, Liu Tingjiao, Niu Weidong   

  1. School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-04-17 Revised:2021-04-20 Accepted:2021-05-27 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Niu Weidong, MD, Professor, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Chen Yiyuan, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82073001 (to LTJ); the Natural Science Basic Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province, No. LZ2019038 (to NWD)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) was initially thought to be a hematopoietic cell-specific kinase involved in a variety of hematopoietic cell responses and immune receptor signal transmission. In recent years, studies have shown that Syk and its signaling pathway are closely related to bone remodeling, and the effect and mechanism of Syk inhibitors on bone tissue have also received extensive attention.
OBJECTIVE: To review the role of Syk and its signaling pathway in bone remodeling, thereby providing ideas for bone repair and clinical treatment.
METHODS: We searched the relevant articles in CNKI and PubMed databases with the keywords of “Syk, bone, osteoclast, osteoblast, inhibitor” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 68 articles met the criteria for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Syk is widely expressed in non-hematopoietic cells such as osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and plays a key role in cell morphogenesis, growth, migration and survival. Bone is constantly remodeled through osteoblast-mediated bone matrix formation and mineralization as well as osteoclast-mediated mineralized bone matrix degradation, which is essential for maintaining normal bone structure and function. Syk and its signaling pathway promote osteoclast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast differentiation in the process of bone remodeling. Finally, they promote the occurrence and development of bone remodeling. Syk inhibitors can improve the symptoms of bone and inflammatory diseases, especially in the aggressive and destructive stages of these diseases. Current research on Syk inhibitors is mainly focused on autoimmune and inflammation, and further exploration in bone and bone diseases is still warranted. Moreover, improving the selectivity of Syk inhibitors is also the focus of future research.

Key words: bone, bone remodeling, spleen tyrosine kinase, osteoclast, osteoblast, cell differentiation, signaling pathway, inhibitor

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