Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (13): 1985-1992.doi: 10.12307/2022.322
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Sun Haitao1, Huang Yonghui1, Gong Aihua2, Cao Xingbing1, Li Zhen1
Received:
2020-10-16
Revised:
2020-10-20
Accepted:
2020-11-28
Online:
2022-05-08
Published:
2021-12-18
Contact:
Huang Yonghui, Master, Chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
About author:
Sun Haitao, Master candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
Supported by:
CLC Number:
Sun Haitao, Huang Yonghui, Gong Aihua, Cao Xingbing, Li Zhen. Protective effect of lipopolysaccharide-preconditioned astrocyte extracellular vesicles on neurons[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(13): 1985-1992.
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2.3 AS-EVs及LPAS-EVs的鉴定 BCA蛋白检测结果显示:PBS组和脂多糖组同体积上清提取物中,脂多糖组蛋白浓度高于PBS组,侧面反映脂多糖处理活化后的星形胶质细胞所释放的细胞外囊泡较未被活化的增多(P < 0.05,n=3),见图3A。透射电镜显示AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs形态近似圆形或椭圆形杯状,直径20-200 nm,见图3B,C。动态光粒子散射仪显示AS-EVs直径10-400 nm,平均(115±4.55) nm(n=3),LPAS-EVs直径20-300 nm,平均 (127.67±3.09) nm(n=3),见图3D,E,LPAS-EVs直径略大于AS-EVs。透射电镜及动态光粒子散射仪结果显示所提取的2种星形胶质细胞胞外囊泡均符合细胞外囊泡形态学标准,且二者形态大小存在差异,提示二者在功能上存在差异。Western blot检测结果显示,细胞外囊泡标记蛋白CD9、CD63和Tsg101阳性,见图3F。"
2.4 AS-EVs及LPAS-EVs对PC12细胞增殖和对谷氨酸损伤PC12细胞存活率的影响 CCK-8分析不同浓度AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs对PC12细胞增殖的影响,结果显示,PC12细胞并不随着AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs浓度增加而出现明显的细胞增殖抑制或促进现象,即AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs对PC12细胞增殖没有明显的影响,见图4A。在谷氨酸损伤PC12细胞模型中,CCK-8结果显示,与0 mmol/L相比,随着谷氨酸浓度的增加,PC12细胞存活率降低,呈一定浓度依赖性。在谷氨酸浓度达到10 mmol/L时,PC12细胞存活率(51.28±2.21)%,显著低于0 mmol/L组。因此,选用10 mmol/L谷氨酸进行后续实验,见图4B,后续实验结果显示,与PBS组相比,谷氨酸组PC12细胞存活率明显降低(P < 0.001,n=3),而AS-EVs组和LPAS-EVs组细胞存活率高于谷氨酸组(P均< 0.05,n=3),且LPAS-EVs组高于AS-EVs组(P < 0.05,n=3),见图4C。这些结果表明AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs对PC12细胞存活率的影响是通过改善细胞活性而非促进增殖来实现,且LPAS-EVs的作用强于AS-EVs。"
2.5 AS-EVs及LPAS-EVs对谷氨酸损伤PC12细胞凋亡的影响 Western blot检测结果显示,与PBS组相比,谷氨酸组Bax蛋白表达水平明显升高,而Bcl-2表达水平降低(P均 < 0.001,n=3);与谷氨酸组相比,AS-EVs组和LPAS-EVs组Bax 蛋白表达水平降低(P均 < 0.001,n=3),LPAS-EVs组略低于AS-EVs组(P < 0.05,n=3),而Bcl-2表达水平升高(P均 < 0.001,n=3),LPAS-EVs组略高于AS-EVs组(P < 0.05,n=3),见图5。结果提示AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs能够增强PC12细胞的抗凋亡作用,且LPAS-EVs的作用强于AS-EVs。"
2.6 AS-EVs及LPAS-EVs对谷氨酸所致损伤神经元凋亡的影响 成功提取神经元并进行纯化和鉴定,见图6A-C,利用10 mmol/L谷氨酸制作神经元损伤模型并分组。Western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax和Bcl-2的表达,得到了与“2.5”相似的结果,见图6D-F,与PBS组相比,谷氨酸组Bax蛋白表达水平明显升高,而Bcl-2表达水平降低(P均 < 0.001,n=3);与谷氨酸组相比,AS-EVs组和LPAS-EVs组Bax蛋白表达水平降低,LPAS-EVs组略低于AS-EVs组(P均< 0.001,n=3),而Bcl-2表达水平升高,LPAS-EVs组略高于AS-EVs组(P均 < 0.001,n=3)。结果提示AS-EVs和LPAS-EVs能够增强神经元的抗凋亡能力,且LPAS-EVs的作用强于AS-EVs。"
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