中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (33): 8778-8784.doi: 10.12307/2026.489

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

有氧运动与12周血流限制性训练对超重肥胖者心肺耐力与心血管功能的影响

郝奕霖，鲍春雨   

  1. 天津体育学院运动训练学院，天津市  301617
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-13 修回日期:2026-03-14 出版日期:2026-11-28 发布日期:2026-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 鲍春雨，博士，教授，天津体育学院运动训练学院，天津市 301617
  • 作者简介:郝奕霖，男，1998年生，山东省莱阳市人，2024年天津体育学院毕业，硕士，主要从事体育教育训练学与体能训练的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家体育总局科技创新项目(22KJCX077)，项目负责人：鲍春雨

Effects of 12-week blood flow restriction training combined with aerobic exercise on cardiorespiratory endurance and cardiovascular function in overweight and obese individuals

Hao Yilin, Bao Chunyu   

  1. Sports Training College, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Received:2025-11-13 Revised:2026-03-14 Online:2026-11-28 Published:2026-06-16
  • Contact: Bao Chunyu, PhD, Professor, Sports Training College, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China
  • About author:Hao Yilin, MS, Sports Training College, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Innovation Project of the General Administration of Sport of China, No. 22KJCX077 (to BCY)

PDF

7

摘要：



文题释义：
血流限制性训练(Blood Flow Restriction Training，BFRT)：指通过在肢体近端佩戴充气加压带，施加特定压力部分限制血液流动，在低强度运动下营造局部轻度缺氧环境的训练方式，产生类似高强度训练的生理适应。
心肺耐力：指人体心肺系统在运动中持续供应氧气至骨骼肌，以维持运动的能力，是评估心血管健康与运动能力的关键指标，良好的心肺耐力可降低肥胖相关心血管疾病风险。

背景：超重肥胖大学生心肺耐力下降，长期趋势将导致心血管疾病发病风险增加。研究证实血流限制性训练可在相同负荷下显著改善肌肉形态与功能，提升心肺耐力并优化心血管功能。
目的：探讨12周血流限制性训练联合有氧运动对超重肥胖大学生心肺耐力与心血管功能的影响。
方法：选择64名超重肥胖大学生，随机对半将受试者分为试验组与对照组(各32名)。试验组受试者参与血流限制性训练联合有氧运动，设计12周低强度血流限制性有氧运动训练，每周3次，每次60 min；对照组受试者同期进行普通有氧运动。运动前后测试受试者身体成分(体质量指数、体脂率、去脂体质量)、心血管功能(收缩压、舒张压、踝臂指数、脉搏波传导速度、每搏输出量、左室射血分数)及心肺耐力(肺活量、氧脉搏、最大摄氧量、代谢当量、主观体力感觉等级、呼吸商)。
结果与结论：12周运动干预后，与对照组相比，试验组受试者身体成分显著变化，体脂率降低1.51% (P < 0.05)，瘦体质量增加0.93 kg (P < 0.05)，安静心率降低3.05 次/min (P < 0.05)，收缩压下降6.51 mmHg (P < 0.05)，舒张压下降2.16 mmHg (P < 0.05)，踝臂指数降低0.12个单位(P < 0.05)，臂踝脉搏波传导速度降低64.93 m/s (P < 0.05)，每博输出量增加6.86 mL (P < 0.05)，左室射血分数增加5.17% (P < 0.05)，心肺耐力提高，肺活量增加335.94 mL (P < 0.05)， VO2max增加4.67 mL/(kg·min) (P < 0.05)，氧脉搏增加1.73 mL/b (P < 0.05)，代谢当量增加1.34个单位(P < 0.05)。结果说明，血流限制性有氧运动能够在不增加额外心脏负担的前提下，有效改善超重肥胖大学生的心肺耐力与心血管功能，为肥胖大学生提供了一种低风险、高效率改善心肺耐力与心血管功能的运动方式。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9332-6156 (郝奕霖) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 血流限制性训练, 有氧运动, 肥胖, 大学生, 心肺耐力

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Overweight and obese college students experience a decline in cardiorespiratory endurance, and the long-term tendency may lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Studies have confirmed that blood flow restriction training can significantly improve muscle morphology and function under the same load, enhance cardiorespiratory endurance, and optimize cardiovascular function.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of 12-week blood flow restriction training combined with aerobic exercise on cardiorespiratory endurance and cardiovascular function in overweight and obese college students.
METHODS: A total of 64 overweight and obese college students were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group (32 participants in each group). The experimental group participated in blood flow restriction training combined with aerobic exercise, with a 12-week low-intensity blood flow-restricted aerobic exercise program, 3 times per week, 60 minutes each session. The control group underwent regular aerobic exercise during the same period. Before and after the exercise intervention, body composition (body mass index, body fat percentage, and lean body mass), cardiovascular function (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ankle-brachial index, pulse wave velocity, stroke volume, and left ventricular ejection fraction), and cardiorespiratory endurance (vital capacity, oxygen pulse, maximal oxygen uptake, metabolic equivalents, rating of perceived exertion, and respiratory quotient) were measured.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 12 weeks of exercise intervention, compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significant changes in body composition, with a 1.51% decrease in body fat percentage (P < 0.05) and a 0.93 kg increase in lean body mass (P < 0.05); resting heart rate decreased by 3.05 beats/min (P < 0.05), systolic blood pressure decreased by 6.51 mmHg (P < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure decreased by 2.16 mmHg (P < 0.05), ankle-brachial index decreased by 0.12 units (P < 0.05), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity decreased by 64.93 m/s (P < 0.05); stroke volume increased by 6.86 mL 
(P < 0.05), and left ventricular ejection fraction increased by 5.17% (P < 0.05); cardiorespiratory endurance improved, with vital capacity increasing by 
335.94 mL (P < 0.05), VO2max increasing by 4.67 mL/kg/min (P < 0.05), oxygen pulse increasing by 1.73 mL/b (P < 0.05), and metabolic equivalents increasing by 1.34 units (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that blood flow-restricted aerobic exercise can effectively improve cardiorespiratory endurance and cardiovascular function in overweight and obese college students without imposing additional cardiac burden, providing a low-risk and high-efficiency exercise modality for improving cardiorespiratory endurance and cardiovascular function in this population.

Key words: blood flow restriction training, aerobic exercise, obesity, college students, cardiorespiratory endurance

中图分类号: