中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (20): 5125-5133.doi: 10.12307/2026.159

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

口腔修复材料类型及厚度对全瓷修复体美学性能的影响

王秋月1,付宏宇1,田月明2,冯驭驰1   

  1. 1北京大学第一医院口腔科,北京市   100034;2清华大学机械工程系,北京市   100084
  • 接受日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2025-11-24
  • 通讯作者: 冯驭驰,主任医师,北京大学第一医院口腔科,北京市 100034
  • 作者简介:王秋月,女,1990年生,北京市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事口腔修复材料方面的研究。

Influence of oral restorative material type and thickness on esthetic performance of all-ceramic restorations

Wang Qiuyue1, Fu Hongyu1, Tian Yueming2, Feng Yuchi1   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Accepted:2025-05-06 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2025-11-24
  • Contact: Feng Yuchi, Chief physician, Department of Stomatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
  • About author:Wang Qiuyue, MS, Attending physician, Department of Stomatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China

摘要:

文题释义:
CIE L*a*b*:是由国际照明委员会于1976年建立的标准化色彩评估系统,旨在通过量化人眼对颜色的感知,解决传统RGB、CMYK等颜色空间在均匀性和跨设备一致性上的不足。CIE L*a*b*由3个参数构成,L*为亮度轴,a*为红绿轴,b*为黄蓝轴,在实验中常用色差公式ΔE量化颜色差异。CIE L*a*b*具有客观性、准确性、跨设备一致性且可进行多维分析,因而在口腔美学修复研究中应用广泛。
微创修复技术:由FRADEANI提出,是指在固定美学修复重建过程中,使用微创手段最终达到高度的美学、完善的功能与长期效果的临床技术与流程。微创修复技术强调最大程度地保留自身牙体组织,避免创伤性治疗,利用现代良好的粘接技术取代传统技术及全冠修复技术。

背景:选择合适的陶瓷材料对口腔全瓷美学修复尤为重要。在口腔修复体美学性能研究中,多使用色差值和透光性作为评价指标,影响全瓷修复体色差和透光性的因素主要有陶瓷材料的种类、色调、厚度、加工工艺以及基牙颜色和粘接剂等。
目的:探究材料种类及厚度对全瓷修复体美学性能的影响。
方法:选取各类可切削陶瓷中6种代表性的材料(常规氧化锆ZR-ST、树脂基陶瓷RC、高透氧化锆ZR-TT、白榴石增强玻璃陶瓷LE、二硅酸锂玻璃陶瓷LD及长石质瓷FP),每种材料分别制备成0.8,1.0,1.5 mm厚的10.0 mm×12.5 mm长方体陶瓷试件,进行对应的表面处理后与树脂试件(代表基牙)粘接制成陶瓷-树脂复合体试件,测算粘接前后的CIE L*a*b*、色差值ΔE及透光率值。
结果与结论:①当基牙厚度未达到无限光学厚度时,陶瓷材料的种类和厚度共同影响修复体的颜色和透光率值。当陶瓷试件厚度不超过1.0 mm时,与树脂片粘接后的颜色普遍向蓝红趋近;当陶瓷试件厚度为1.5 mm时,与树脂片粘接后的颜色普遍向蓝绿趋近,提示在全瓷修复体比色时可通过颜色预补偿优化美学匹配。②除厚度1.5 mm ZR-ST陶瓷试件外,粘接后各组陶瓷试件与树脂片之间的色差值ΔE均低于5,0.8 mm ZR-ST陶瓷试件与树脂片之间的色差值ΔE接近3,1.0 mm ZR-TT陶瓷试件与树脂片之间的色差值ΔE小于3,提示在微创修复过程中,若患牙透光率不高且美学修复空间不足、对材料强度要求高时,ZR-TT和ZR-ST陶瓷可能是潜在的选择。③陶瓷试件的透光率值在粘接后降低,并随陶瓷厚度的增加显著降低。RC陶瓷试件的透光率值高,粘接后与树脂片之间的色差值ΔE接近3,光学性能出色。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0503-5715 (王秋月) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 口腔美学修复, 全瓷材料, 美学性能, 色差, 透光性, 微创修复技术, CIE L*a*b*, 颜色补偿

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The selection of appropriate ceramic material is crucial for esthetic all-ceramic restorations. In studies of the esthetic performance of dental restorations, color difference and light transmittance are often used as evaluation indicators. Factors influencing the color difference and light transmittance of all-ceramic restorations primarily include the type of ceramic material, hue, thickness, processing technique, abutment color, and adhesive.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of material type and thickness on the esthetic performance of all-ceramic restorations.
METHODS: Six representative machinable ceramic materials (conventional zirconia ZR-ST, resin-based ceramic RC, high-transmittance zirconia ZR-TT, leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic LE, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic LD, and feldspathic ceramic FP) were selected. Rectangular ceramic specimens (10.0 mm × 12.5 mm) with thicknesses of 0.8, 1.0, and 1.5 mm were prepared from each material. After corresponding surface treatments, the specimens were bonded to resin specimens (representing abutments) to create ceramic-resin composite specimens. CIE L*a*b* values, color difference ΔE, and light transmittance were measured before and after bonding.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) When the abutment thickness does not reach infinite optical thickness, the type and thickness of ceramic material jointly influence the color and transmittance of the restoration. When the ceramic specimen thickness does not exceed 1.0 mm, the color after bonding to the resin sheet generally approaches blue-red. When the ceramic specimen thickness is 1.5 mm, the color after bonding to the resin sheet generally approaches blue-green, suggesting that color pre-compensation can be used to optimize esthetic matching when comparing all-ceramic restorations. (2) With the exception of the 1.5 mm thick ZR-ST ceramic, the color difference ΔE between the ceramic specimens and the resin sheet after bonding in all groups was less than 5. The color difference ΔE between the 0.8 mm ZR-ST ceramic specimen and the resin sheet was close to 3, and the color difference ΔE between the 1.0 mm ZR-TT ceramic specimen and the resin sheet was less than 3. This suggests that ZR-TT and ZR-ST ceramics may be potential options for minimally invasive restorations when the light transmittance of the affected tooth is low, the esthetic restoration space is limited, and high material strength is required. (3) The light transmittance of the ceramic specimen decreased after bonding and diminished significantly with increasing ceramic thickness. The RC ceramic specimen had a high light transmittance, and the color difference ΔE between the specimen and the resin sheet after bonding was close to 3, indicating excellent optical performance.

Key words: esthetic dental restoration, ceramic material;, esthetic performance, color difference, transmittance, minimally invasive prosthodontic procedure, CIE L*a*b*, color compensation

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