中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3848-3854.doi: 10.12307/2025.841

• 骨与关节生物力学Bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

不同站姿下脊柱形态和足底压力特征分析

韩子甲1，何晓辰2，王佳荣2，田艺超2，王李欣1，杨晓彤3，龚树辉2   

  1. 1河北医科大学研究生学院，河北省石家庄市   050011；2河北省人民医院康复医学科，河北省石家庄市   050057；3河北省沧州中西医结合医院神经康复一科，河北省沧州市   061012
  • 接受日期:2024-09-05 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2025-11-06
  • 通讯作者: 龚树辉，硕士生导师，河北省人民医院康复医学科，河北省石家庄市 050057
  • 作者简介:韩子甲，男，2000年生，河北省邢台市人，汉族，河北医科大学在读硕士，主要从事脊柱康复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养项目(201913)，项目负责人：龚树辉

Analysis of spinal morphology and plantar pressure characteristics under different standing postures

Han Zijia1, He Xiaochen2, Wang Jiarong2, Tian Yichao2, Wang Lixin1, Yang Xiaotong3, Gong Shuhui2   

  1. 1Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China; 2Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050057, Hebei Province, China; 3First Department of Neurorehabilitation, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei Province, China
  • Accepted:2024-09-05 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2025-11-06
  • Contact: Gong Shuhui, Master’s supervisor, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050057, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Han Zijia, Master candidate, Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Government-Funded Clinical Medicine Talent Training Project, No. 201913 (to GSH)

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摘要：

文题释义：

足底压力：人体在保持静态站立时，由于自身重力作用，双足会受到接触地面传来的一个垂直向上的反作用力，即为足底压力。足底压力的大小与分布状况能反映出身体矢状面力线以及重心的变化情况，分析评估足底压力，对临床诊断、疾患程度测定和术后疗效评价均具有重要意义。
脊柱形态：脊柱是人体躯干的支柱，上方连接头颅，下方连接骨盆，为人体提供了稳定的支撑。脊柱的形态结构具有保护内部器官、神经和维持身体平衡的作用。正常的脊柱形态使得身体处于最佳平衡状态并消耗最小的能量，脊柱生理形态的改变不仅可能造成青少年的腰背疼痛，严重者还有可能影响内脏器官的发育，对日常的生活和生存造成不便。

摘要
背景：异常站姿存在较普遍，且会对人体造成伤害，寻找良好站姿至关重要。
目的：以中国健康青年人为目标人群，探讨不同站姿对脊柱形态和足底压力的影响，分析异常站姿对人体的危害，为寻找良好的站姿提供理论依据。
方法：选择49名受试者为研究对象，使用DIERS formetric 4D脊柱评估系统联合足底压力系统分别采集内八站、外八站、平行站3种站立姿势的脊柱、骨盆和足底参数，每次测试站立持续时间为10 s，对测试结果进行统计描述。
结果与结论：①和外八站相比，内八站的最大腰曲前凸角、左后足、右后足压强峰值、前足压力占比显著增加(P < 0.05)，左前足压强峰值、左足、右足接触面积、后足压力占比显著减小(P < 0.05)；②和平行站相比，内八站的躯干矢状面倾斜角、最大腰曲前凸角、骨盆矢状面倾斜角、骨盆扭转角、左后足、右前足、右后足压强峰值、左足、右足平均压力、前足压力占比显著增加(P < 0.05)，左足、右足接触面积、后足压力占比显著减小(P < 0.05)；③和平行站相比，外八站的躯干矢状面倾斜角、最大腰曲前凸角、骨盆矢状面倾斜角、骨盆扭转角、左前足、右前足压强峰值、左足、右足平均压力、前足压力占比显著增加(P < 0.05)，后足压力占比显著减小(P < 0.05)；④3种站姿中，内八、外八站的躯干在矢状面前倾，最大腰曲前凸角增加，且足底压力参数差异较大，易造成损伤；平行站立的脊柱、骨盆参数趋于中立位，足底压力参数差异较小，因此可以认为平行站立是较良好的站立姿势。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

关键词: ">站姿, 足底压力, DIERS formetric 4D脊柱评估系统, 脊柱, 压强峰值, 最大腰曲前凸角, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal standing posture is common and causes harm to people’s experience. It is very important to find a good standing posture.
OBJECTIVE: Taking Chinese healthy young people as the target population, the effects of different standing postures on spinal morphology and plantar pressure were discussed, and the harm of abnormal standing posture to human body was analyzed, so as to provide theoretical basis for finding a good standing posture.
METHODS: Forty-nine subjects were selected as the research subjects. The DIERS formetric 4D spine evaluation system combined with the plantar pressure system was used to collect the spine, pelvis and plantar parameters of the three standing positions of the in-toeing standing, the out-toeing standing and the parallel standing. The standing duration of each test was 10 seconds, and the test results were statistically described.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the out-toeing standing, the maximum lumbar lordosis angle, the peak pressure of left hind foot and right hind foot, and the proportion of forefoot pressure in the in-toeing standing increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the peak pressure of left forefoot, the contact area of left foot and right foot, and the proportion of hind foot pressure decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with parallel standing, the sagittal inclination angle, the maximum lumbar lordosis angle, the pelvic sagittal inclination angle, the pelvic torsion angle, the peak pressure of left hind foot, right forefoot, right hind foot, the average pressure of left foot and right foot, and the proportion of forefoot pressure in the in-toeing standing increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the contact area of left foot and right foot and the proportion of hind foot pressure decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with the parallel standing, the sagittal inclination angle, the maximum lumbar lordosis angle, the pelvic sagittal inclination angle, the pelvic torsion angle, the peak pressure of the left forefoot and the right forefoot, the average pressure of the left foot and the right foot, and the proportion of the forefoot pressure of the out-toeing standing were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the proportion of the hindfoot pressure was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). (4) Among the three standing postures, the torso of the in-toeing and out-toeing standings leaned forward in the sagittal direction, the maximum lumbar lordosis angle increased, and the plantar pressure parameters were quite different, which was easy to cause damage. The spine and pelvis parameters of parallel standing tend to be neutral, and the difference of plantar pressure parameters is small. Therefore, parallel standing can be considered as a better standing position.

Key words: ">standing posture, plantar pressure, DIERS formetric 4D spinal evaluation system, spine, peak pressure, maximum lumbar lordosis angle, biomechanics

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