中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3791-3800.doi: 10.12307/2026.152

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

Sanders Ⅱ-Ⅳ型跟骨骨折两种内固定方式:2年临床随访和有限元分析

向  浩1,李豫皖2, 徐  志3,李贵川1,廖  维1,蔡  鹏1,朱成行1,鄢  陵1   

  1. 1遵义市第一人民医院(遵义医科大学第三附属医院)急诊创伤外科,贵州省遵义市   563000;2浙江大学医学院附属第一医院骨科,浙江省杭州市   310009;3张家港市第五人民医院骨科,江苏省张家港市   215600
  • 接受日期:2025-06-06 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2025-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 鄢陵,博士,主任医师,遵义市第一人民医院(遵义医科大学第三附属医院)急诊创伤外科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:向浩,男,1983年生,贵州省遵义市人,汉族,大连医科大学在读博士,主治医师,主要从事四肢创伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82302853),项目负责人:李豫皖;贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合LC2025031),项目负责人:鄢陵

Two internal fixation methods for Sanders type II-IV calcaneal fractures: a 2-year clinical follow-up and finite element analysis

Xiang Hao1, Li Yuwan2, Xu Zhi3, Li Guichuan1, Liao Wei1, Cai Peng1, Zhu Chengxing1, Yan Ling1   

  1. 1Emergency Trauma Surgery, Zunyi First People's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang Fifth People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-06-06 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2025-11-05
  • Contact: Yan Ling, MD, Chief physician, Emergency Trauma Surgery, Zunyi First People's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Xiang Hao, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Emergency Trauma Surgery, Zunyi First People's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Youth Science Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation, No. 82302853 (to LYW); Guizhou Province Science and Technology Plan Project, No. LC2025031 (to YL)

摘要:

文题释义:

空间编织技术:指在冠状面和矢状面上交叉排布空心钉,以提供多角度的稳定支持,优化骨折复位的精确度和稳定性。
跗骨窦入路的钢板螺钉内固定术:通过跗骨窦(位于外踝的一个解剖结构)切口进入,使用钢板和螺钉对跟骨骨折进行复位并固定,以恢复其正常的解剖结构和功能。

摘要
背景:Sanders Ⅱ-Ⅳ型跟骨骨折传统钢板内固定虽有效但侵入性大,微创空心钉内固定因减少了软组织损伤成为近年来的研究热点。
目的:评估空间编织技术赋能后的空心钉闭合复位技术和传统钢板内固定在治疗Sanders Ⅱ-Ⅳ型跟骨骨折中的临床效果和生物力学特性。
方法:采用了前瞻性临床研究和有限元分析相结合的方法,选择2022年1月至2024年6月遵义市第一人民医院收治的34例Sanders Ⅱ-Ⅳ型跟骨骨折患者,随机分为2组,每组17例,空心钉组实施空间编织技术赋能下的经皮空心螺钉内固定,钢板组实施跗骨窦入路的钢板螺钉内固定。对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、疼痛目测类比评分、美国足踝外科协会踝-后足功能评分及经济效益等方面的差异。此外,利用64排螺旋CT扫描构建跟骨-空心钉和跟骨-钢板装配体三维模型,并在Hypermesh 14.0和Abaqus 6.14软件中进行网格划分和有限元分析,以评估不同内固定方式的生物力学性能。
结果与结论:①临床指标:空心钉组在手术时间(P=0.002)、术中出血量(P < 0.001)、切口长度(P < 0.001)方面显著优于钢板组;术后随访结果显示,空心钉组的目测类比评分和美国足踝外科协会踝-后足评分始终优于钢板组(P < 0.05),表明空心钉固定方案在改善疼痛和恢复患肢功能方面更具优势;②有限元分析:空心钉组的最大应力值和最大位移明显低于钢板组,且应力分布更加均匀,提示其在维持骨折稳定性方面具有更好的表现;③经济效益:空心钉组患者的耗材费用(P < 0.001)和住院总费用(P < 0.001)均显著低于钢板组;④提示空心钉闭合复位技术在治疗Sanders Ⅱ-Ⅳ型跟骨骨折方面相较传统钢板内固定具有显著优势,体现在减少创伤、缩短恢复时间、降低并发症、生物力学稳定性和提升经济效益,为微创治疗提供了新证据,值得进一步推广和应用。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 跟骨骨折, 空间编织技术, 空心钉, 钢板, 内固定, 有限元分析, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For Sanders II-IV type calcaneal fractures, traditional plate fixation is effective but invasive, while minimally invasive cannulated screw fixation has become a research hotspot in recent years due to its advantages in reducing soft tissue damage and trauma.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and biomechanical properties of cannulated screw closed reduction technology with spatial weaving technique versus traditional plate fixation in the treatment of Sanders type II-IV calcaneal fractures.
METHODS: This study used a combination of clinical case analysis and finite element analysis. A total of 34 patients with Sanders type II-IV calcaneal fractures who were treated at Zunyi First People's Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024 were randomly divided into two groups (n=17). The cannulated screw group received percutaneous cannulated screw fixation with spatial weaving technique. The plate group received sinus tarsi approach with plate screw fixation. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, hospital stay, fracture healing time, visual analog scale pain score, American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score, and economic benefits were compared between the two groups. Additionally, 64-row spiral CT scans were used to construct 3D models of calcaneal-hollow screw and calcaneal-plate assemblies. Mesh division and finite element analysis were performed using Hypermesh 14.0 and Abaqus 6.14 software to evaluate the biomechanical performance of the different fixation methods.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Clinical indicators: The cannulated screw group showed significant advantages in operation time (P=0.002), intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.001), and incision length (P < 0.001) compared with the plate group. Postoperative follow-up results showed that the visual analog scale score and American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score were consistently better in the cannulated screw group compared with the plate group (P < 0.05), indicating that the cannulated screw fixation was more effective in reducing pain and improving functional recovery. (2) Finite element analysis: The cannulated screw group showed significantly lower maximum stress and maximum displacement compared with the plate group, with a more uniform stress distribution, suggesting better performance in maintaining fracture stability. (3) Economic benefits: The material cost (P < 0.001) and total hospitalization cost (P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the cannulated screw group than in the plate group. (4) It is indicated that compared with traditional plate fixation, the cannulated screw closed reduction technology shows significant advantages in treating Sanders type II–IV calcaneal fractures. These advantages include reduced trauma, shorter recovery time, fewer complications, improved biomechanical stability, and enhanced cost-effectiveness. This provides new evidence supporting minimally invasive treatment and merits further promotion and application.


Key words: calcaneal fracture, spatial weaving technique, cannulated screw, plate, internal fixation, finite element analysis, biomechanics

中图分类号: