中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 1184-1195.doi: 10.12307/2026.020

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

血流限制在急性抗阻运动中对内皮功能相关炎性因子的影响

陶云飞1，彭  莉1，2   

  1. 西南大学，1体育学院，2体质评价与运动功能监测重点实验室，重庆市   400715
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-28 接受日期:2025-01-17 出版日期:2026-02-18 发布日期:2025-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 彭莉，教育学博士，教授，西南大学，体育学院，体质评价与运动功能监测重点实验室，重庆市 400715
  • 作者简介:陶云飞，男，2000年生，重庆市云阳县人，汉族，西南大学在读硕士，主要从事慢性病防治的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学一般基金(21BTY092)，项目负责人：彭莉；西南大学研究生科研创新项目基金(SWUS23036)，项目负责人：陶云飞

Acute effects of blood flow restriction in low-intensity resistance training on endothelial function-related inflammatory factors

Tao Yunfei1, Peng Li1, 2   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, 2Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Motor Function Monitoring, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2024-10-28 Accepted:2025-01-17 Online:2026-02-18 Published:2025-06-25
  • Contact: Peng Li, PhD, Professor, School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Motor Function Monitoring, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • About author:Tao Yunfei, Master candidate, School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Social Science General Foundation, No. 21BTY092 (to PL); Southwest University Graduate Student Research and Innovation Program, No. SWUS23036 (to TYF) 

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摘要：


文题释义：
血管内皮功能障碍：是指血管内皮细胞在调节血管舒张、炎症反应、凝血平衡以及血管重构等方面的功能受损状态，这种障碍通常表现为一氧化氮生成减少、血管舒张能力下降、炎症因子水平升高以及内皮屏障功能异常。血管内皮功能障碍是心血管疾病(如动脉粥样硬化)的重要病理基础，也与代谢性疾病(如胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病)密切相关，成为衡量血管健康的重要标志。
脂肪组织胰岛素抵抗指数(Adipo-IR)：是一种衡量脂肪组织对胰岛素作用敏感性的指标，计算公式为空腹游离脂肪酸浓度乘以空腹胰岛素浓度。当脂肪组织对胰岛素的敏感性降低时，其对脂肪分解的抑制作用减弱，导致游离脂肪酸释放增加和胰岛素水平升高，进而使脂肪组织胰岛素抵抗指数上升。高脂肪组织胰岛素抵抗指数表明脂肪组织胰岛素抵抗严重，是代谢综合征、2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的重要预警信号。

背景：长期血流限制联合低强度抗阻训练可通过缓解慢性炎症和血管内皮功能障碍，有效治疗肥胖，但单次运动后血管内皮功能和炎症血清标志物的浓度变化仍不清楚。
目的：探究血流限制在低强度抗阻运动中对肥胖男大学生血管内皮功能和炎症标志物血清浓度的影响，以探究血流限制在低强度抗阻训练中刺激血清标志物反应的短期效应与恢复能力。
方法：随机招募20名肥胖男大学生(体质量指数> 30 kg/m2，体脂率> 25%)通过抽签的方式随机分为对照组(0%动脉闭塞压)和血流限制组(80%动脉闭塞压)，2组受试者均进行自我疲劳感知量表11-13强度的单次低强度抗阻训练急性运动，运动重复3次，每次运动时长约30 min，总运动时长约1.5 h。在训练前、训练即刻、训练后1 h及训练后24 h分别测量血管内皮功能和炎症因子水平以及胰岛素功能变化。
结果与结论：①血管内皮功能：急性运动后，2组血管内皮生长因子A质量浓度均上调，血流限制组显著上调血清血小板衍生生长因子和一氧化氮质量浓度(P < 0.05)，对照组显著上调一氧化氮合酶浓度(P < 0.05)，血管紧张素Ⅱ质量浓度在急性运动后均降低，但血流限制组血管紧张素Ⅱ质量浓度能在24 h恢复期后保持较基线更高水平，与对照组比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。②炎症特异性标志物：血流限制组能诱发更高水平缺氧，并显著上调肿瘤坏死因子α和缺氧诱导因子1α浓度(P < 0.05)，2组均上调脂联素和瘦素质量浓度，血流限制组上调脂联素更显著(P < 0.05)，2组白细胞介素6质量浓度均降低，但血流限制组效果更佳。③对胰岛素功能：血流限制组和对照组能在运动后即刻分别上调和降低胰岛素浓度，但在24 h恢复期后分别恢复至基线以下和以上，同时2组均能降低脂肪组织胰岛素抵抗指数，但血流限制组效果更佳(P < 0.05)。结果说明，相较于低强度抗阻训练，短期急性血流限制能诱导更积极的炎症和血管内皮标志物水平变化，以改善炎症和血管内皮功能障碍，且持续效果更佳，但仍需长期的干预验证。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-5928 (陶云飞) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 肥胖, 血流限制, 抗阻训练, 血管内皮功能障碍, 炎症因子

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-term blood flow restriction combined with low-intensity resistance training has been shown to effectively treat obesity by alleviating chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. However, the immediate effects of a single session on serum concentrations of vascular endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the short-term effects and recovery capacity of blood flow restriction during low-intensity resistance training on serum biomarkers of vascular endothelial function and inflammation in obese male college students.
METHODS: Twenty obese male college students (body mass index > 30 kg/m2, body fat percentage > 25%) were randomly assigned to a control group (0% arterial occlusion pressure) or a blood flow restriction group (80% arterial occlusion pressure). Both groups performed a single session of low-intensity resistance training at an intensity corresponding to a perceived exertion of 11-13 on the Rate of Perceived Exertion Scale. The training was repeated three times, with each session lasting 30 minutes, totaling 1.5 hours. Serum biomarkers were measured before exercise, immediately post-exercise, 1 hour post-exercise, and 24 hours post-exercise. The assessed biomarkers included vascular endothelial function markers, inflammatory markers, and insulin function indicators.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Vascular endothelial function: Acute exercise increased vascular endothelial growth factor A concentrations in both groups. The blood flow restriction group significantly elevated serum platelet-derived growth factor and nitric oxide levels (P < 0.05), while the control group showed a significant increase in nitric oxide synthase levels (P < 0.05). Angiotensin II concentrations decreased immediately after acute exercise in both groups but remained significantly higher than baseline in the blood flow restriction group after 24 hours of recovery, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). (2) Regarding inflammatory markers, the blood flow restriction group induced higher levels of hypoxia and significantly upregulated tumor necrosis factor-α and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α concentrations (P < 0.05). Adiponectin and leptin levels upregulated in both groups, with a more pronounced rise in adiponectin level in the blood flow restriction group than the control group (P < 0.05). Interleukin-6 concentrations decreased in both groups, with a greater reduction in the blood flow restriction group. (3) For insulin function, the blood flow restriction and control groups showed immediate increases and decreases in insulin levels after exercise, respectively, but these returned to below and above baseline levels after 24 hours of recovery. Both groups reduced insulin resistance index in adipose tissue, with a more significant improvement in the blood flow restriction group (P < 0.05). To conclude, compared with low-intensity resistance training, short-term blood flow restriction induces more favorable changes in inflammatory and vascular endothelial biomarkers, improving inflammation and endothelial dysfunction with longer-lasting effects. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings over long-term interventions.

Key words: obesity, blood flow restriction, resistance training, vascular endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory factor

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