中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 329-337.doi: 10.12307/2026.514

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

负载血小板衍生生长因子BB的壳聚糖/还原氧化石墨烯支架修复牙槽骨缺损

白相宇1,霍  峰1,郝  妍1,王泽成2,郭晓宇3   

  1. 承德医学院附属医院,1口腔科,3住培办公室,河北省承德市  067000;2围场满族蒙古族自治县医院口腔科,河北省承德市  067000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-21 接受日期:2024-11-30 出版日期:2026-01-18 发布日期:2025-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 霍峰,硕士,主任医师,承德医学院附属医院口腔科,河北省承德市 067000
  • 作者简介:白相宇,男,1989年生,河北省承德市人,满族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事牙周病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省承德市科技支撑项目(202401A005),项目负责人;白相宇

Platelet-derived growth factor BB-loaded chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffold for repairing alveolar bone defects

Bai Xiangyu1, Huo Feng1, Hao Yan1, Wang Zecheng2, Guo Xiaoyu3   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, 3Office of Resident Training, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Stomatology, Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County Hospital, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2024-10-21 Accepted:2024-11-30 Online:2026-01-18 Published:2025-06-16
  • Contact: Huo Feng, MS, Chief physician, Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Bai Xiangyu, MS, Attending physician, Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Hebei Province Chengde City Science and Technology Support Project, No. 202401A005 (to BXY)

摘要:

文题释义:
血小板衍生生长因子:在器官胚胎发生与发育、创伤愈合过程中发挥着重要作用,是成骨细胞、成纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞和神经胶质细胞等分裂增殖时的重要促细胞分裂原。研究显示血小板衍生生长因子BB可刺激间充质干细胞的增殖与成骨分化,加快成骨样细胞的钙化进程;可促进成骨细胞的迁移,促进新骨形成;可促进人牙槽骨缺损修复及牙周软组织再生;此外,血小板衍生生长因子BB还具有趋化活性与促血管生成活性,可发挥促骨损伤修复作用。
还原氧化石墨烯:在氧化石墨烯表面生成氧官能团的情况下,可以采用还原剂将氧化物还原为羟基或醇基,从而得到还原氧化石墨烯。还原氧化石墨烯在导电性和机械强度方面比氧化石墨烯有更好的性能。

背景:研究显示血小板衍生生长因子BB可刺激间充质干细胞的增殖与成骨分化,加快成骨样细胞的钙化进程,但其临床应用存在半衰期短、易分解等问题,将生长因子负载到适宜的生物材料支架上可使其缓慢持续释放,维持有效的作用浓度,成为目前研究的热点话题。
目的:利用壳聚糖/还原氧化石墨烯支架负载血小板衍生生长因子BB,观察该支架修复大鼠牙槽骨缺损的作用。
方法:①分别制备壳聚糖/还原氧化石墨烯支架(记为CS/rGO支架)与负载不同质量浓度(5,10,15,20 mg/L)血小板衍生生长因子BB的壳聚糖/还原氧化石墨烯支架(分别记为CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-5、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-10、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-20支架)。将5组支架分别与大鼠牙周膜干细胞共培养,通过CCK-8实验与Transwell小室实验分别检测细胞增殖与迁移情况,筛选适宜的生长因子负载质量浓度进行后续实验。将CS/rGO支架(或浸提液)、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15支架(或浸提液)分别与大鼠牙周膜干细胞共培养,检测细胞成骨分化与成血管能力。②在16只SD大鼠双侧上颌第一磨牙前制备牙槽骨缺损模型,随机分4组干预:空白对照组不进行任何干预,单纯支架组植入CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15支架,对照组植入CS/rGO支架与大鼠牙周膜干细胞复合物,实验组植入CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15支架与大鼠牙周膜干细胞复合物,每组4只。术后12周,通过Micro CT扫描与苏木精-伊红染色观察牙槽骨缺损骨修复情况。
结果与结论:①CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-5、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-10、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15、CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-20支架均可促进大鼠牙周膜干细胞的增殖与迁移,其中CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15支架促细胞增殖与迁移作用最显著,使用该支架进行后续实验。与CS/rGO支架比较,CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15支架可促进大鼠牙周膜干细胞的成骨与成血管分化。②Micro CT扫描与苏木精-伊红染色结果显示,实验组牙槽骨缺损修复效果最好,可见大量新生骨组织与血管形成。③负载血小板衍生生长因子BB的壳聚糖/还原氧化石墨烯支架可通过促进大鼠牙周膜干细胞的增殖、迁移、成血管与成骨分化,进而有效促进大鼠牙槽骨缺损的修复。
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9065-939X(白相宇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 牙槽骨缺损, 支架, 壳聚糖, 还原氧化石墨烯, 血小板衍生生长因子BB, 工程化口腔材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that platelet-derived growth factor BB can stimulate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and accelerate the calcification process of osteoblast-like cells. However, its clinical application has problems such as short half-life and easy decomposition. Loading the growth factor onto a suitable biomaterial scaffold can enable its slow and continuous release and maintain an effective concentration, which has become a hot topic in current research.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds loaded with platelet-derived growth factor BB on the repair of alveolar bone defect in rats.
METHODS: (1) Chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds (referred to as CS/rGO scaffolds) and chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds loaded with different mass concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L) of platelet-derived growth factor BB (referred to as CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-5, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-10, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15, and CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-20 scaffolds) were prepared respectively. The five groups of scaffolds were co-cultured with rat periodontal ligament stem cells. The cell proliferation and migration were detected by CCK-8 assay and Transwell chamber assay, respectively, to screen the appropriate growth factor loading mass concentration for subsequent experiments. CS/rGO scaffolds (or extracts) and CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffolds (or extracts) were co-cultured with rat periodontal ligament stem cells, and the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic ability of the cells were detected. (2) The alveolar bone defect model was prepared in front of the bilateral maxillary first molars of 16 SD rats, and the rats were randomly divided into 4 intervention groups: the blank control group did not receive any intervention, the simple scaffold group was implanted with CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold, the control group was implanted with CS/rGO scaffold and rat periodontal ligament stem cell complex, and the experimental group was implanted with CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold and rat periodontal ligament stem cell complex, with 4 rats in each group. Twelve weeks after surgery, the bone repair of the alveolar bone defect was observed by Micro CT scanning and hematoxylin-eosin staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-5, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-10, CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15, and CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-20 scaffolds could promote the proliferation and migration of rat periodontal ligament stem cells. Among them, the CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold had the most significant effect on promoting cell proliferation and migration, and this scaffold was used for subsequent experiments. Compared with the CS/rGO scaffold, the CS/rGO/PDGF-BB-15 scaffold could promote the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of rat periodontal ligament stem cells. (2) Micro CT scanning and hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that the experimental group had the best alveolar bone defect repair effect, and a large amount of new bone tissue and blood vessel formation could be seen. (3) The chitosan/reduced graphene oxide scaffold loaded with platelet-derived growth factor BB can effectively promote the repair of rat alveolar bone defects by promoting the proliferation, migration, angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation of rat periodontal ligament stem cells.

Key words: alveolar bone defect, scaffold, chitosan, reduced graphene oxide, platelet-derived growth factor BB, engineered dental material

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