中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (32): 6963-6970.doi: 10.12307/2025.997

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

血流限制训练干预老年肌少性肥胖

刘晨晨1,刘锐泽2,鲍蒙蒙1,方  李1,曹立全1,3,毋江波1,3   

  1. 天津体育学院,1运动健康学院,2体育教育学院,3天津市体卫融合与健康促进重点实验室,天津市  301617


  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 接受日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-11-18 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 毋江波,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师,天津体育学院,运动健康学院,天津市体卫融合与健康促进重点实验室,天津市 301617
  • 作者简介:刘晨晨,男,2000年生,天津体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动健康促进方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市教委科研计划项目(2020KJ102),项目负责人:毋江波

Blood flow restriction training intervention in the elderly with sarcopenic obesity

Liu Chenchen1, Liu Ruize2, Bao Mengmeng1, Fang Li1, Cao Liquan1, 3, Wu Jiangbo1, 3    

  1. 1School of Sports and Health, 2School of Physical Education, 3Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integration of Sports and Hygiene and Health Promotion, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Received:2024-11-18 Accepted:2025-01-20 Online:2025-11-18 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Wu Jiangbo, MD, Lecturer, Master’s supervisor, School of Sports and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integration of Sports and Hygiene and Health Promotion, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • About author:Liu Chenchen, Master candidate, School of Sports and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Supported by:
    Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Project, No. 2020KJ102 (to WJB)

摘要:


文题释义:
血流限制训练:通过使用绑带或气囊阻止血液流入肌肉并限制肌肉血液流出,从而实现肌肉生长和力量提升的一种训练方法。
肌少性肥胖:身体同时出现肌肉减少和脂肪过多的状况。

背景:肌少性肥胖是一种肌肉质量减少伴随体脂增加的综合征,增加了老年人患代谢疾病和身体残疾的风险。血流限制训练通过对身体某部位施加压力,减少血液流动,以低强度运动达到高强度训练的效果,适用于老年人和活动能力受限人群。
目的:回顾及探讨血流限制训练干预老年人群肌少性肥胖的生物学机制、有效性和局限性,并基于当前已发表的证据给予运动建议。
方法:检索各大数据库建库至2024年9月发表的文献。英文检索词:blood flow restriction training,KAATSU,elderly,sarcopenia,sarcopenic obesity,muscle,fat;中文检索词:血流限制训练,加压训练,老年人,肌少症,肌少性肥胖,肌肉,脂肪。对纳入的66篇文献进行整理和分析。
结果与结论:该研究探讨了血流限制训练诱导缺血低氧环境、积累代谢物质、激活潜在信号通路以及诱导卫星细胞增殖等生物学机制,评估了血流限制训练在提高肌肉力量以及增肌和减脂方面的有效性,并讨论了血流限制训练在老年人群中的优势及风险。建议老年肌少性肥胖患者采用20%-40% 1 RM抗阻结合血流限制训练;每周运动三四次;第1周开始为3组训练,依次为30,15,15次,第2周开始为4组训练,依次为30,15,15,15次。每组之间间歇30-60 s;袖带采用3-5 cm宽度;每组压力依次递增至40%,60%和80%动脉闭塞压,气囊压力范围为80-240 mmHg。未来需要更多的研究进一步验证血流限制训练的长期效果,优化训练方案,并探索血流限制训练在不同疾病背景下应用的可能性。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6257-1775(刘晨晨)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 血流限制训练, 肌肉减少性肥胖, 肌少症, 老年人, 骨骼肌, 脂肪, 生物学机制, 运动处方

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sarcopenic obesity is a syndrome characterized by the loss of muscle mass and an increase in body fat, which increases the risk of metabolic diseases and physical disabilities in the elderly. Blood flow restriction training involves applying pressure to a body part during exercise to reduce blood flow, achieving the effects of high-intensity training with low-intensity exercise, making it suitable for the elderly and those with limited mobility.
OBJECTIVE: To review and discuss the biological mechanisms, effectiveness, and limitations of blood flow restriction training in addressing sarcopenic obesity in the elderly, and to provide exercise prescription recommendations based on current evidence. 
METHODS: Literature published up to September 2024 was retrieved from major databases. English and Chinese search terms included “blood flow restriction training, KAATSU, elderly, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, muscle, fat.” A total of 66 articles were selected, organized, and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This study explored the biological mechanisms of blood flow restriction training, including creating an ischemic-hypoxic environment, accumulating metabolites, activating potential signaling pathways, and promoting satellite cell proliferation. The effectiveness of blood flow restriction training in improving muscle strength, mass, and reducing body fat was evaluated, and its potential advantages and risks in the elderly population were discussed. It is recommended that elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity undergo blood flow restriction training combined with 20%-40% 1 RM resistance training for three to four times per week. Starting from the first week, there are three sets of training with 30, 15, and 15 repetitions respectively. From the second week, there are four sets with 30, 15, 15, and 15 repetitions respectively. The rest interval between each set is 30-60 seconds. The cuff width is 3-5 cm. The pressure of each set increases incrementally by 40%, 60%, and 80% of the arterial occlusion pressure. The airbag pressure ranges from 80 to 240 mmHg. Future research is needed to further verify the long-term effects of blood flow restriction training, optimize the training protocol, and explore its application possibilities in different disease contexts.

Key words: blood flow restriction training, sarcopenic obesity, sarcopenic, elderly, skeletal muscle, fat, biological mechanism, exercise prescription

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