中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (32): 6851-6857.doi: 10.12307/2025.943

• 脊柱组织构建 spinal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

通督活血汤抑制巨噬细胞炎症延缓大鼠椎间盘退变的机制

鄢来军1,2,葛海雅2,汪正明2,杨宗睿2,牛立峰1,詹红生2   

  1. 1南通市中医院,江苏省南通市  226000;2上海中医药大学附属曙光医院骨伤研究所,上海市  201203
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-19 接受日期:2024-12-10 出版日期:2025-11-18 发布日期:2025-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 牛立峰,副主任医师,南通市中医院,江苏省南通市 226000
  • 作者简介:鄢来军,男,1992年生,湖北省监利市人,汉族,博士,主要从中医药防治脊柱与骨关节炎方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    南通市卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(QA2021025),项目负责人:鄢来军;上海市临床重点专科建设项目(shslczdzk03901),项目负责人:詹红生

Mechanism by which Tongdu Huoxue Decoction inhibits macrophage inflammation to delay intervertebral disc degeneration in rats

Yan Laijun1, 2, Ge Haiya2, Wang Zhengming2, Yang Zongrui2, Niu Lifeng1, Zhan Hongsheng2   

  1. 1Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • Received:2024-09-19 Accepted:2024-12-10 Online:2025-11-18 Published:2025-04-25
  • Contact: Niu Lifeng, Associate chief physician, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Yan Laijun, PhD, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • Supported by:
    Nantong Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission Scientific Research Project, No. QA2021025 (to YLJ); Shanghai Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project, No. shslczdzk03901 (to ZHS)

摘要:


文题释义:
巨噬细胞:是一种免疫细胞,可分为经典吞噬型的M1促炎型巨噬细胞和具有抗炎介导组织修复功能的M2巨噬细胞,其极化状态与多种疾病的发生发展相关。
椎间盘退变:是由多种因素引起的椎间盘结构和功能的退变,主要包括髓核、纤维环等组成部分的结构改变,其中髓核含水量丢失及细胞外基质过度降解是椎间盘退变的主要病理特征。

背景:腰椎间盘退变是引起下腰痛的主要病因,与免疫炎症介导的细胞外基质分解-合成代谢失衡密切相关。通督活血汤是治疗腰椎间盘退变的验方,其是否通过调控巨噬细胞极化表型抑制椎间盘组织炎症治疗腰椎间盘退变仍不清楚。
目的:探讨通督活血汤对大鼠椎间盘组织巨噬细胞相关炎症因子表达的调控作用,及其治疗腰椎间盘退变的作用机制。
方法:24只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和通督活血汤组(n=8),后两组采用纤维环穿刺法建立大鼠椎间盘退变模型,假手术组不损伤椎间盘。术后第1天通督活血汤组即给予10.8 g/kg通督活血汤灌胃,假手术组、模型组给予相同剂量的生理盐水灌胃,1次/d。干预4周后取材,采用苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠椎间盘组织病理形态变化;免疫组化、qPCR检测椎间盘组织内CD68、CD206、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素10、Ⅱ型胶原和基质金属蛋白酶13蛋白或mRNA表达水平。
结果与结论:①苏木精-伊红染色显示,模型组椎间盘高度降低,纤维环结构紊乱且出现裂隙,髓核与纤维环分界不清;通督活血汤组大鼠椎间盘纤维环排列相对规整,髓核见皱缩;②免疫组化结果显示,相较于模型组,通督活血汤组CD68、白细胞介素1β与基质金属蛋白酶13均呈低表达,通督活血汤组CD206、Ⅱ型胶原与白细胞介素10的表达明显增加,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);③qPCR结果显示,3组之间CD68、CD206、白细胞介素1β、基质金属蛋白酶13、Ⅱ型胶原与白细胞介素10 mRNA表达差异显著(P < 0.001);④结果表明,通督活血汤可改善腰椎间盘退变模型大鼠椎间盘退变,其机制与抑制退变椎间盘组织中巨噬细胞相关炎症反应有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-1701(鄢来军)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 通督活血汤, 椎间盘退变, 髓核, 巨噬细胞, 炎症, 机制, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Intervertebral disc degeneration is the main pathological factor causing low back pain, which is closely related to macrophage-mediated immune inflammation. Tongdu Huoxue Decoction is a proven prescription for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration, but it is still unclear whether it can treat intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating the polarization phenotype of macrophages to inhibit inflammation in intervertebral disc tissue.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effects of Tongdu Huoxue Decoction on the expression of macrophage-related inflammatory factors in intervertebral disc tissues of rats, as well as its mechanisms for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. 
METHODS: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, and Tongdu Huoxue Decoction group, with eight rats in each group. An intervertebral disc degeneration model was established using the annulus fibrosus puncture method in the latter two groups. On the 1st postoperative day, 10.8 g/kg Tongdu Huoxue Decoction was given by gavage in the Tongdu Huoxue Decoction group, and the same dose of saline was given by gavage in the sham operation group and the model group, once a day. After 4 weeks of intervention, histopathological changes in the intervertebral disc tissues were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to detect the relative expression levels of CD68, CD206, interleukin 1β, interleukin 10, type II collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase 13 proteins or mRNA in the intervertebral disc tissues. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that the model group exhibited a significant decrease in intervertebral disc height, disorganized annulus fibrosus structure with fissures, and unclear demarcation between the nucleus pulposus and the annulus fibrosus. The Tongdu Huoxue Decoction group showed organized arrangement of the annulus fibrosus with pyknosis. (2) Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that, compared with the model group, the Tongdu Huoxue Decoction group had significantly lower expressions of CD68, interleukin 1β, and matrix metalloproteinase 13, and significantly higher expressions of CD206, type II collagen and interleukin 10 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (3) qPCR results showed that there were significant differences in the mRNA expression of CD68, CD206, interleukin 1β, matrix metalloproteinase 13, type II collagen, and interleukin 10 between the three groups (P < 0.001). To conclude, Tongdu Huoxue Decoction can improve intervertebral disc degeneration in the rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration, and its mechanism is associated with the inhibition of macrophage-related inflammatory responses in the intervertebral discs.

Key words: Tongdu Huoxue Decoction, intervertebral disc degeneration, nucleus pulposus, macrophages, inflammation, mechanism, engineered tissue construction

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