中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (25): 5296-5303.doi: 10.12307/2025.524

• 脂肪干细胞 adipose-derived stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

脂肪间充质干细胞来源外泌体调节肝星状细胞自噬的机制

陈振坤,朱世伟,肖竞楠,唐卫平   

  1. 南华大学附属第一医院肝胆胰外科,湖南省衡阳市   421001
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27 接受日期:2024-05-14 出版日期:2025-09-08 发布日期:2024-12-17
  • 通讯作者: 唐卫平,博士,主治医师,硕士生导师,南华大学附属第一医院肝胆胰外科,湖南省衡阳市 421001
  • 作者简介:陈振坤,男,1997年生,湖南省常德市人,汉族,南华大学附属第一医院肝胆胰外科专业在读硕士,主要从事肝纤维化的基础与临床相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ40488),项目负责人:唐卫平;湖南省卫生健康委员会课题(202202054239),项目负责人:唐卫平

Mechanism of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulating autophagy of hepatic stellate cells

Chen Zhenkun, Zhu Shiwei, Xiao Jingnan, Tang Weiping   

  1. Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2024-02-27 Accepted:2024-05-14 Online:2025-09-08 Published:2024-12-17
  • Contact: Tang Weiping, MD, Attending physician, Master’s supervisor, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Zhenkun, Master candidate, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Hunan, No. 2021JJ40488 (to TWP); Subject of Hunan Health Commission, No. 202202054239 (to TWP) 

摘要:

文题释义:

脂肪间充质干细胞:是从哺乳动物脂肪组织中分离得到的一种具有多向分化能力的细胞亚群,对组织、器官有修复功能。
外泌体:是一种包含丰富脂质、蛋白和复杂核酸的亚细胞小泡,直径范围为40-160 nm,主要通过细胞内多泡体融合于细胞质膜后分泌至胞外基质。

摘要
背景:脂肪间充质干细胞可释放大量外泌体参与各种病理生理过程,关于脂肪间充质干细胞源性外泌体对肝星状细胞自噬的影响以及具体机制还有待于深入研究。
目的:探讨脂肪间充质干细胞源性外泌体通过miR-15a-5p对肝星状细胞自噬的靶向调控作用及分子机制。 
方法:收集8周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠腹股沟区脂肪组织,使用胶原酶消化法分离提取脂肪间充质干细胞,使用超速离心法提取脂肪间充质干细胞源性外泌体;取小鼠肝脏组织,使用胶原酶灌注消化法和密度梯度离心法分离提取肝星状细胞。实验分2组:对照组肝星状细胞常规培养48 h,外泌体组将肝星状细胞与脂肪间充质干细胞源性外泌体共培养48 h。通过Western blot、RT-qPCR和免疫荧光染色观察外泌体对肝星状细胞增殖活化、自噬及纤维化标志物表达的影响。RT-qPCR及Western blot检测外泌体对肝星状细胞中miR-15a-5p以及下游信号通路Bcl-2、Beclin-1和Rubicon mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。  
结果与结论:①与对照组相比,外泌体组肝星状细胞中自噬标志物LC3-Ⅱ表达下降,自噬小体数目显著减少,脂滴重新生成,细胞体积减小同时增殖能力减弱,肝星状细胞活化明显受到抑制;②与对照组相比,外泌体组肝星状细胞中α-平滑肌动蛋白和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达显著下降(P < 0.01),miR-15a-5p表达显著增高(P < 0.01),同时其下游靶基因Bcl-2表达显著下降(P < 0.01),而自噬基因Beclin-1和Rubicon表达显著增高(P < 0.01)。结果提示:脂肪间充质干细胞源性外泌体通过miR-15a-5p靶向抑制肝星状细胞中Bcl-2表达,促进其下游自噬基因Beclin-1、Rubicon表达,从而抑制肝星状细胞自噬。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4960-6984 (陈振坤) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 脂肪间充质干细胞, 外泌体, 肝星状细胞, 自噬, miR-15a-5p, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, Rubicon

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells release a large amount of exosomes to participate in various pathophysiological processes, but the impact and precise mechanism of exosomes derived from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on autophagy of hepatic stellate cells have not been fully elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the targeted regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on autophagy of hepatic stellate cells through miR-15a-5p. 
METHODS: Adipose tissue was collected from inguinal region of 8-week male C57BL/6 mice. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells were extracted by collagenase digestion. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifugation. Mouse liver tissue was obtained, and hepatic stellate cells were isolated and extracted using collagenase perfusion digestion and density gradient centrifugation. The experiment was divided into two groups. In control group, hepatic stellate cells were cultured alone for 48 hours. In the exosome group, hepatic stellate cells were co-cultured with adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for 48 hours. The effects of exosomes on hepatic stellate cell proliferation, activation, autophagy, and expression of fibrosis markers were detected by western blot assay, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence staining. RT-qPCR and western blot assay were used to detect the effect of exosomes on the mRNA and protein expression of miR-15a-5p and the downstream signaling pathway Bcl-2, Beclin-1, and Rubicon in hepatic stellate cells. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the control group, the ratio of autophagy markers LC3-II expression decreased, the number of autophagosome was also significantly decreased, and the intracellular lipid droplets were regenerated, simultaneously, cell volume diminished with the weakening of proliferation in hepatic stellate cells of the exosome group, indicated that the hepatic stellate cell activation was significantly inhibited. (2) Compared with the control group, the expressions of α-smooth actin and type I collagen were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and the expression of miR-15a-5p was significantly increased in hepatic stellate cells of the exosome group (P < 0.01). At the same time, the expression of its downstream target gene Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), while the expressions of autophagy genes Beclin-1 and Rubicon were significantly increased in hepatic stellate cells of the exosome group (P < 0.01). The results indicate that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibits the expression of Bcl-2 in hepatic stellate cells by targeting miR-15a-5p and increases the expression of downstream autophagy genes Beclin-1 and Rubicon, thereby inhibiting the autophagy of hepatic stellate cells.  

Key words: ">adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell, exosome, hepatic stellate cell, autophagy, miR-15a-5p, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, Rubicon

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