中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (28): 6101-6109.doi: 10.12307/2025.476

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

Janus微/纳米颗粒在生物医学中的应用

陈森林，朱  舟，万乾炳   

  1. 四川大学华西口腔医院修复科，口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，四川省成都市   610041
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-11 接受日期:2024-07-27 出版日期:2025-10-08 发布日期:2024-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 万乾炳，博士，教授，四川大学华西口腔医院修复科，口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:陈森林，男，1999年生，安徽省阜阳市人，汉族，四川大学在读硕士，主要从事Janus材料在组织工程中的应用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金-面上项目(82371012)，项目名称：基于仿生活体腺泡模型探究微应力调控唾液腺损伤及修复的应用基础研究，项目负责人：朱舟

Application of Janus micro/nanoparticles in biomedicine

Chen Senlin, Zhu Zhou, Wan Qianbing   

  1. National Clinical Medical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-11 Accepted:2024-07-27 Online:2025-10-08 Published:2024-12-07
  • Contact: Wan Qianbing, PhD, Professor, National Clinical Medical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Senlin, Master candidate, National Clinical Medical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China - General Project, No. 82371012 (to ZZ)

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摘要：


文题释义：

Janus微/纳米颗粒：受古罗马双面神的形象启发，设计合成具有形状各向异性和多重性质的微/纳米颗粒，以发挥理想的功能。
生物医学：探究生物细胞在健康和疾病状态下的机制，从而指导疾病诊断治疗和组织愈合和再生。


背景：Janus微/纳米颗粒因具有形状、结构、功能各向异性被广泛应用于组织工程、药物递送、癌症治疗、生物影像和传感等医学领域。

目的：阐述Janus微/纳米颗粒在生物医学的前沿应用。
方法：通过计算机检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science数据库中2010-2024年发表的相关文献，分别以“Janus纳米颗粒，Janus颗粒，双面神颗粒，药物递送，癌症治疗，生物影像，生物传感，组织工程”和“Janus nanoparticle，Janus particle，Drug delivery，Cancer therapy，Biosensing， Bioimaging，Tissue engineering”为中、英文检索词，进行筛选、整理、归纳、总结，最终纳入69篇文献进行综述。

结果与结论：Janus微/纳米颗粒可根据基础材料性质分为有机、无机、有机-无机复合三大类，其合成策略有遮蔽、自组装、相分离、微流控和成核生长等。Janus微/纳米颗粒可通过高负载率、门控释放、自主运动等特性进行高效率药物递送。Janus微/纳米颗粒除了增强传统癌症治疗措施(放化疗)的治疗效果外，还可以应用于细胞免疫、蛋白药物、细胞铁死亡等新兴癌症治疗方法；可应用于增强生物影像(CT、MRI、超声)的增敏剂，实现高质量成像，用于指导诊断和治疗；可通过运载生长因子、增强生物支架机械性能和抗菌效果，应用于组织工程。综合目前的研究，研究者们通过集合不同有机聚合物、无机材料的物化特性以不同的合成策略合成功能定制的Janus微/纳米颗粒，应用于复杂的生物医学领域。目前Janus微/纳米颗粒应用于组织再生领域、大规模生产和人体临床试验的报道较少，因此该类材料的开发、合成策略、临床安全评估和转化仍需投入更大的研究力度。

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3288-4717 (陈森林) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: Janus微/纳米颗粒, 组织工程, 药物运输, 癌症治疗, 生物影像, 生物传感, 工程化材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Janus micro/nanoparticles are widely used in the field of tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, and sensing due to their shape, structure, and functional anisotropy.
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the cutting-edge applications of Janus micro/nanoparticles in biomedicine.
METHODS: Relevant literature published between 2010 and 2024 was retrieved from CNKI, WanFang Data, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Searches were conducted using Chinese search terms “Janus nanoparticle, Janus particle, dual-faced particle, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue engineering” and English search terms “Janus nanoparticle, Janus particle, drug delivery, cancer therapy, biosensing, bioimaging, tissue engineering.” A total of 69 articles were selected for review after screening, organizing, summarizing, and synthesizing.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Janus micro/nanoparticles can be classified into three major categories based on their basic material properties: organic, inorganic, and organic-inorganic composites. Synthetic strategies consist of shielding, self-assembly, phase separation, microfluidics, and nucleation and growth techniques. Janus micro/nanoparticles exhibit high-efficiency drug delivery through characteristics such as high drug loading, gated release, and autonomous motion. In addition to enhancing traditional cancer treatment modalities (radiation and chemotherapy), Janus micro/nanoparticles can also be applied to emerging cancer treatment methods such as cell immunotherapy, protein drugs, and ferroptosis. Janus micro/nanoparticles serve as contrast agents to enhance bioimaging modalities (CT, MRI, and ultrasound) for high-quality imaging, guiding diagnosis and treatment. Janus micro/nanoparticles are utilized in tissue engineering for delivering growth factors, enhancing mechanical properties of biomaterials, and exhibiting antibacterial effects. Researchers have successfully tailored Janus micro/nanoparticles with desired functionalities by combining different organic polymers and inorganic materials using various synthetic strategies, enabling applications in complex biomedical fields. Despite current advancements, reports on the application of Janus micro/nanoparticles in tissue regeneration, large-scale production, and human clinical trials are relatively limited. Therefore, further research efforts are needed in the development, synthetic strategies, clinical safety assessment, and translation of such materials.

Key words: Janus micro/nanoparticle, tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, engineered material

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