中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (15): 3121-3128.doi: 10.12307/2025.173

• 骨与关节生物力学Bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

Anybody仿真太极不同步法时股骨及下肢骨主要关节的应力特征

都志豪1，2，3，4，朱宇童1，2，李浩杰4，翟  丰1，2，李飞鱼5   

  1. 中国矿业大学，1体育学院，2运动与健康研究中心，江苏省徐州市   221116；3吉首大学体育科学学院，湖南省吉首市   416000；4北京师范大学体育与运动学院，北京市   100875；5国家体育总局体育科学研究所，北京市   100061
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-27 接受日期:2024-04-17 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2024-11-04
  • 通讯作者: 翟丰，博士，教授，硕士生导师，中国矿业大学，体育学院，运动与健康研究中心，江苏省徐州市 221116
  • 作者简介:都志豪，男，1999年生，河南省安阳市人，汉族，2023年北京师范大学毕业，硕士，助教，主要从事运动人体科学方向研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(BTY22053)，项目负责人：翟丰

Stress characteristics of the main joints of femur and lower limb bones of Tai Chi with different steps based on Anybody simulation

Du Zhihao1, 2, 3, 4, Zhu Yutong1, 2, Li Haojie4, Zhai Feng1, 2, Li Feiyu5   

  1. 1College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Sports and Health Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China; 3College of Physical Education, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan Province, China; 4College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 5Sports Science Research Institute of General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing 100061, China
  • Received:2023-02-27 Accepted:2024-04-17 Online:2025-05-28 Published:2024-11-04
  • Contact: Zhai Feng, PhD, Professor, Master’s supervisor, College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China; Sports and Health Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Du Zhihao, Master, Teaching assistant, College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China; Sports and Health Research Center, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China; College of Physical Education, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan Province, China; College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Supported by:
    National Social Science Fund Project, No. BTY22053 (to ZF) 

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摘要：

文题释义：
Anybody骨肌模型：指的是通过使用AnyBody Modeling System专门的软件，用于创建和分析人体骨肌动力学和生物力学模型。
太极(八法五步)：太极八法五步是国家体育总局为了更好地宣传、推广和普及太极拳，在现有各流派太极拳的基础上，从最为核心的八法五步技术入手，即：掤、捋、挤、按、採、挒、肘、靠8种手法，以及进、退、顾、盼、定共5种步法，进行了系统的提炼和整理而成，动作结构简单，数量合理，内涵丰富，易学易练，是较为理想的太极拳入门套路。

摘要
背景：Anybody骨肌建模系统，使用数学建模技术模拟人体骨骼、肌肉和环境的关系，可对人体的逆向动力学进行研究，得出下肢关节力等指标。
目的：分析练习太极拳动作时下肢骨主要关节的应力分布规律，为其科学训练和锻炼价值提供依据。
方法：在北京体育大学武术学院选取8名太极拳健将级运动员进行7组步法动作和右腿股骨CT的数据采集。使用BTS红外捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台采集太极(八法五步)7组步法动作的运动和力学数据，利用Anybody 7.2骨肌模型的多体动力学仿真技术计算下肢关节动力学参数，结合Workbench 19.2对股骨进行应力计算分析。
结果与结论：①利用Workbench软件分析得出了7组步法动作的股骨应力结果，7组动作的应力峰值由大至小顺序是：退步捋势
(22.00 MPa)、退步採势(19.379 MPa)、左右移步挤按(9.35 MPa)、左右移步肘靠(6.30 MPa)、进步掤势(4.68 MPa)、进步挒势(2.57 MPa)、中定独立势(0.31 MPa)。②在7组步法动作中2种向后退步动作股骨应力最大(P < 0.05)，且在7组动作运动过程中的股骨最大应力位置均不同。③上述结果证实，在太极(八法五步)7种步法动作练习时，股骨应力阈值和最大应力位置会随着5种方向(7组动作)运动不同而变化，通过连续训练能够全面地刺激股骨体，进步动作对于股骨体正面和外侧上端影响较大，退步动作对股骨体后面和内侧影响较大，左右横向步法动作主要是股骨体两侧对称受力。④初学者要根据不同步法动作的受力特点来进行针对训练，进步动作和退步动作训练时要注重太极拳的旋转用力以及左右横移步法动作训练时的内侧对抗用力，根据自身薄弱问题，对太极拳训练步法有所侧重，进而达到更好的锻炼效果。

关键词: 太极, 八法五步, 股骨, Anybody骨肌模型, 有限元分析, 生物力学, 关节受力, 下肢骨

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anybody musculoskeletal modeling system uses mathematical modeling techniques to simulate the relationship between human bones, muscles, and the environment, allowing for the study of inverse dynamics of the human body and obtaining indicators such as lower limb joint forces.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stress distribution patterns of lower limb joints during the practice of Tai Chi movements, thereby exploring the scientific training and exercise value of Tai Chi.
METHODS: Eight Tai Chi master-level athletes were selected from the Wushu College of Beijing Sport University for data collection, including seven sets of stepping movements and CT scans of the right femur. The BTS infrared capture system and Kistler three-dimensional force platform were used to collect kinematic and mechanical data of the seven sets of stepping movements in Tai Chi (Eight Methods and Five Steps). The Anybody 7.2 musculoskeletal model’s multi-body dynamics simulation technology was utilized to calculate lower limb joint dynamic parameters, and Workbench 19.2 was used to perform stress analysis on the femur.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Using Workbench software, the stress results of the femur for seven sets of movements were obtained. The peak stress values of the seven sets of movements in descending order were: Retreat and Rollback (22.00 MPa), Retreat and Pluck (19.379 MPa), Left and Right Shift Step Squeeze and Press (9.35 MPa), Left and Right Shift Step Elbow Lean (6.30 MPa), Forward Step and Expand (4.68 MPa), Forward Step and Pull (2.57 MPa), and Middle Fixed Standalone Position (0.31 MPa). (2) In the seven sets of stepping movements, the two backward stepping movements resulted in the greatest stress on the femur (P < 0.05), and the maximum stress positions on the femur were different during the movement of the seven sets of actions. (3) It is concluded that during the seven sets of stepping movements in Tai Chi (Eight Methods and Five Steps), stress threshold and maximum stress position of the femur will vary with different movements in five directions (seven sets of movements). Continuous training can comprehensively stimulate the femoral body. Forward stepping movements have a greater impact on the front and upper lateral side of the femoral body, while backward stepping movements have a greater impact on the back and inner side of the femoral body. Left and right lateral stepping movements mainly involve symmetrical stress on both sides of the femoral body. (4) Beginners should train targeted according to the stress characteristics of different stepping movements. During forward and backward stepping movements, attention should be paid to the rotational force of Tai Chi, and during left and right lateral stepping movements, attention should be paid to the medial counterforce. Beginners should focus on the Tai Chi training steps that correspond to their own weaknesses to achieve better exercise outcomes.

Key words: Tai Chi, eight methods and five steps, femur, Anybody musculoskeletal model, finite element analysis, biomechanics, joint stress, lower limb bone

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