中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 2590-2604.doi: 10.12307/2025.372

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

低容量高强度间歇训练对肥胖或超重人群心血管疾病风险因子影响的Meta分析

李秀鹏1,苏玉莹1,2,王悦同3,彭  亮1,王艺达4,荆  雯1   

  1. 1渤海大学体育学院,辽宁省锦州市  121013;北京体育大学,2体能训练学院,3教育学院,北京市  100086;4大连理工大学体育与健康学院,辽宁省大连市  116024
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-18 接受日期:2024-05-23 出版日期:2025-04-28 发布日期:2024-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 苏玉莹,博士,渤海大学体育学院教师,渤海大学体育学院,辽宁省锦州市 121013;北京体育大学体能训练学院,北京市 100086
  • 作者简介:李秀鹏,男,2002年生,辽宁省丹东市人,满族,主要从事体能训练与运动促进健康研究。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目-青年项目(LJKQR20222558),项目负责人:苏玉莹;国家社会科学基金-一般项目(22BTY080),项目负责人:荆雯

Effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training on cardiovascular risk factor in obese or overweight populations: a Meta-analysis 

Li Xiupeng1, Su Yuying1, 2, Wang Yuetong3, Peng Liang1, Wang Yida4, Jing Wen1   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, Liaoning Province, China; 2School of Physical Training, 3School of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100086, China; 4College of Physical Education and Health, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2024-04-18 Accepted:2024-05-23 Online:2025-04-28 Published:2024-09-11
  • Contact: Su Yuying, PhD, School of Physical Education, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, Liaoning Province, China; School of Physical Training, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100086, China
  • About author:Li Xiupeng, School of Physical Education, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Basic Research Project - Youth Project, No. LJKQR20222558 (to SYY); National Social Science Foundation of China - General Program, No. 22BTY080 (to JW) 

摘要:




文题释义:
低容量高强度间歇训练:指负荷强度保持在80%-100%最大摄氧量或最大心率之间,且在两次练习之间安排低强度的恢复性练习,全部高强度运动时间≤ 15 min。相比于传统高强度间歇训练,其最大特点是全部高强度运动时间较短。
心血管疾病:是指由心脏和血管疾患所引起的慢性疾病,包括冠心病、脑血管疾病及周围末梢动脉血管疾病等,在全球疾病死因中位居首位,其中不健康的饮食、年龄增长和缺乏身体活动是患病的重要因素。

目的:通过Meta分析综合定量评价低容量高强度间歇训练对预防肥胖或超重人群心血管疾病的效果,进一步验证低容量高强度间歇训练在肥胖等特殊人群中应用的可行性。
方法:在中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和EBSCO-SPORTD运动科学全文数据库检索关于低容量高强度间歇训练相关研究的随机对照试验文献,检索时限为各数据库建库至2024年2月。由2名研究人员对所纳入的研究进行筛选、质量评价和数据提取,采用RevMan 5.4和Stata 17.0软件对结局指标进行Meta分析,包括合并效应量、亚组分析、Leave-One-Out敏感性分析以及发表Egger检验和绘制漏斗图。该方案已在国际系统综述前瞻性注册中心注册(CRD42024534409)。
结果:①最终筛选纳入符合要求的13项随机对照试验,共包含349例受试者,纳入文献整体质量较高。②低容量高强度间歇训练干预对心肺适能(SMD=-0.65,95%CI:-0.87至-0.43,P < 0.05)、收缩压(SMD=0.38,95%CI:0.11-0.65,P < 0.05)、舒张压(SMD=0.42,95%CI:
0.15-0.68,P < 0.05)和体脂百分比(SMD=0.25,95%CI:0.02-0.49,P < 0.05)4项指标具有改善效果。③低容量高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练相比在改善超重或肥胖人群心肺适能、收缩压、舒张压、体脂百分比、标准体质量、体质量指数、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇指标方面干预效果相似(P > 0.05),但在改善三酰甘油效果方面中等强度持续训练优于低容量高强度间歇训练(SMD=-0.30,95%CI:-0.57至-0.02,P < 0.05)。④亚组分析结果进一步显示,低容量高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练干预对各项指标的改善效果相似。
结论:当前证据表明,低容量高强度间歇训练可以有效提升超重或肥胖人群的心肺适应能力以及促进减脂和血压调控,且改善效果与中等强度持续训练相似。短时间的低容量高强度间歇训练相比于长时间的中等强度持续训练更具有时间效益。建议未来通过更多研究确定适用于超重或肥胖人群最佳的低容量高强度间歇训练运动处方。 
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5770-5031(李秀鹏);https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8598-1351(苏玉莹)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 低容量高强度间歇训练, 中等强度持续训练, 心血管疾病, 心脏代谢, 血压效果, 体脂, 血脂, 肥胖, 超重, 随机对照试验, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study comprehensively and quantitatively evaluates the effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) on the prevention of cardiovascular disease in obese or overweight people through a meta-analysis, and further verifies the feasibility of LV-HIIT application in special populations such as obese people.
METHODS: Literature addressing randomized controlled trials of LV-HIIT-related studies was searched in CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and EBSCO-SPORTD Exercise Science full-text database from database inception to February 2024. Screening, quality assessment and data extraction of included studies were performed by two researchers, and Meta-analyses of outcome indicators, including combined effect sizes, subgroup analyses, Leave-One-Out sensitivity analyses, as well as the publication of Egger's test and the plotting of funnel plots, were performed using the software Review Manager 5.4 and the software Stata 17.0. The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Registry for Systematic Reviews (CRD42024534409).
RESULTS: (1) Finally, 13 randomized controlled trials, including 349 subjects, were eligible and included, and the overall quality of the included literature was high. (2) LV-HIIT intervention significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.87 to -0.43, P < 0.05], systolic blood pressure (SMD=0.38, 95% CI: 0.11-0.65, P < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (SMD=0.42, 95% CI: 0.15-0.68, P < 0.05), and body fat percentage (SMD=0.25, 95% CI: 0.02-0.49, P < 0.05). (3) LV-HIIT and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) had similar interventional effects on cardiorespiratory fitness, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body fat percentage, standardized body weight, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol in people with overweight or obesity (P > 0.05), but MICT was better than LV-HIIT in improving triglyceride level (SMD=-0.30, 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.02, P < 0.05). (4) The results of subgroup analyses further showed that LV-HIIT and MICT interventions showed similar improvements in each index.
CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that LV-HIIT can effectively enhance cardiopulmonary adaptive capacity and promote fat loss and blood pressure regulation in overweight or obese people, and the improvements are similar to those of MICT. Short-term LV-HIIT is more time-effective than long-term MICT. Future studies are recommended to determine the optimal LV-HIIT exercise prescription for overweight or obese populations. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: low-volume high-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, cardiovascular disease, cardiometabolism, blood pressure effect, body fat, blood lipids, obesity, overweight, randomized controlled trial, Meta-analysis

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