中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 5549-5555.doi: 10.12307/2026.641

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

新方法计算经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合围术期隐性失血及风险因素

彭煜健,谢  玉,王前亮,蒋凤仙   

  1. 苏州大学附属第二医院骨外科,江苏省苏州市  215004
  • 接受日期:2025-04-08 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 蒋凤仙,苏州大学附属第二医院骨外科,江苏省苏州市 215004
  • 作者简介:彭煜健,男,1995年生,江苏省江阴市人,汉族,2022年苏州大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事腰椎退行性疾病的临床治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:
    Suzhou Medical Innovation and Application Research, No. SKYD2023110 (to JFX)

Perioperative hidden blood loss and risk factors in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion calculated by a new method

Peng Yujian, Xie Yu, Wang Qianliang, Jiang Fengxian   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-04-08 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-03-05
  • Contact: Jiang Fengxian, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Peng Yujian, MS, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    苏州市医学创新应用研究(SKYD2023110),项目负责人:蒋凤仙

摘要:

文题释义:

经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合:是治疗腰椎间盘突出、腰椎管狭窄和腰椎滑脱等腰椎退行性疾病主要的手术方式之一。
新方法计算隐性失血量:隐性失血是指患者隐匿性丧失的血量,与术中失血量及术后引流量相比,往往被人们忽视。此次研究对现有隐性失血量的计算方法进行改进,充分考虑引流液与血液的成分差距,精确估计经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合手术的隐性失血量。

摘要
背景:经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合是治疗腰椎间盘突出、腰椎管狭窄和腰椎滑脱等腰椎退行性疾病主要的手术方式之一。隐性失血是指患者隐匿性丧失的血量,往往被人们忽视。
目的:使用新方法评估经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合围术期总失血量情况,基于新方法计算得出隐性失血量,并分析其危险因素。
方法:回顾性分析2023年10月至2024年10月于苏州大学附属第二医院脊柱外科住院治疗的93例腰椎退行性疾病(腰椎管狭窄、腰椎间盘突出及腰椎滑脱等)患者的病历资料。收集患者一般资料如年龄、性别、身高、体质量、体质量指数以及是否合并有高血压、糖尿病;手术资料如手术节段数目、手术时间、美国麻醉师协会麻醉分级;实验室检查如凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间、国际标准化比率、血小板计数、纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体水平。采用Pearson 或 Spearman 相关性分析探讨患者特征与术后隐性失血之间的相关性,以多元线性回归分析确定术后隐性失血的独立危险因素。
结果与结论:①新方法计算出经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合的平均隐性失血量为(284.24±352.76) mL,占总失血量的58.6%;而传统手术方法计算出平均隐性失血量为(165.77±339.89) mL,占总失血量的34.15%,两者之间差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②单因素分析中,隐性失血量与节段数目(r=0.213,P=0.040)和手术时间(r=0.210,P=0.043)呈正相关,与血小板计数呈负相关(r=-0.324,P=0.018);③多元线性回归分析中,血小板计数减少是影响隐性失血的独立危险因素(P=0.016);④提示新方法对于隐性失血量的估计更准确,隐性失血为围术期总失血量的重要组成部分;节段数目增多、手术时间延长、血小板计数减少是经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合隐性失血的危险因素,其中血小板计数减少是独立危险因素。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: ">隐性失血, 新方法, 经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术, 危险因素, 围术期失血

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion is one of the main surgical methods for treating degenerative lumbar diseases such as lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, and lumbar spondylolisthesis. Hidden blood loss refers to the concealed loss of blood volume in patients, which is often overlooked by people.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perioperative blood loss during transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using a new method, calculate the hidden blood loss based on the new method, and analyze its risk factors.
METHODS: The medical records of 93 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases (lumbar spinal stenosis, lumbar disc herniation, and lumbar spondylolisthesis) who were hospitalized in the Department of Spine Surgery of Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from October 2023 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The general data of patients were collected, such as age, gender, height, body mass, body mass index, and whether they had hypertension and diabetes; surgical data, such as the number of surgical segments, operation time, and American Society of Anesthesiologists anesthesia grade; laboratory tests, such as prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, platelet count, fibrinogen, and D-dimer level. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between patient characteristics and postoperative hidden blood loss, and multivariate linear regression analysis was utilized to determine the independent risk factors for postoperative hidden blood loss. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The average hidden blood loss calculated by the new method for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was (284.24±352.76) mL, accounting for 58.6% of the total blood loss; while the average hidden blood loss calculated by the traditional surgical method was (165.77±339.89) mL, accounting for 34.15% of the total blood loss. The difference between the two was significant (P < 0.05). (2) In the univariate analysis, hidden blood loss was significantly correlated with the number of segments (r=0.213, P=0.040) and operation time (r=0.210, P=0.043) and negatively correlated with platelet count (r=-0.324, P=0.018). (3) In the multivariate linear regression analysis, decreased platelet count was an independent risk factor for hidden blood loss (P=0.016). (4) It is concluded that the new method was more accurate in estimating hidden blood loss, and hidden blood loss was an important part of the total blood loss during the perioperative period. Increased number of segments, prolonged operation time, and decreased platelet count were risk factors for hidden blood loss in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, among which decreased platelet count was an independent risk factor.

Key words: hidden blood loss, new method, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, risk factor, perioperative blood loss

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