中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (27): 6985-6994.doi: 10.12307/2026.862

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

新型双螺钉在腰椎原固定节段翻修中生物力学性能的有限元分析

张  乐1,居来提·买提肉孜1,解学晨1,李春超1,王轶希2,帕尔哈提·热西提2   

  1. 1新疆大学智能制造现代产业学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830017;2新疆医科大学第一附属医院脊柱微创及精准骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830054
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 接受日期:2026-01-24 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 居来提·买提肉孜,副教授,新疆大学智能制造现代产业学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830017
  • 作者简介:张乐,男,1997年生,甘肃省平凉市人,汉族,新疆大学在读硕士,主要从事机械设计及理论研究。
  • 基金资助:
    “天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划基金(TSYC202301B026),项目负责人:帕尔哈提·热西提;“医、工、企”三方联合培养研究生产学研示范基地建设模式优化研究(JYGG2025003),项目负责人:帕尔哈提·热西提

Finite element analysis of biomechanical performance of a novel double-screw technique in lumbar revision of the original fixed segment

Zhang Le1, Julaiti·Maitirouzi1, Xie Xuechen1, Li Chunchao1, Wang Yixi2, Parhat·Rexiti2   

  1. 1School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Precision Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Accepted:2026-01-24 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-04-16
  • Contact: Julaiti·Maitirouzi, Associate professor, School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zhang Le, MS candidate, School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    "Tianshan Yingcai" High-Level Medical and Health Talent Training Plan Fund, No. TSYC202301B026 (to PR); Research on the Optimization of the Construction Model for the Research, Production and Education-Industry Integration Demonstration Base Jointly Established by the "Medical", "Engineering" and "Enterprise" Parties, No. JYGG2025003 (to PR)

摘要:


文题释义:
双螺钉技术:又叫椎弓根双螺钉技术,是脊柱外科领域一种内固定技术,指在同一椎弓根内同时置入2枚不同轨迹螺钉的固定方式。 目前较为常用的是在同一椎弓根处同时采用传统椎弓根轨迹置钉和皮质骨轨迹置钉。该技术利用不同置钉轨迹的解剖学差异,通过2枚螺钉的三维交叉分布,增加与椎体皮质骨的接触面积,分散应力负荷,从而提升内固定稳定性。双螺钉技术尤其适用于骨质疏松的椎体,可为脊柱不稳患者提供更可靠的生物力学支撑。

腰椎翻修:是针对腰椎初次手术后出现内固定松动、断裂、融合失败、邻近节段退变等并发症,或症状未缓解甚至加重时,对腰椎进行重新固定的二次手术。

摘要
背景:目前,临床中对固定失败的椎体常去除原内固定装置进行翻修,这样存在一定的不足与风险。椎弓根双螺钉技术可以保留原内固定装置,改良皮质骨轨迹置钉技术具有良好的力学性能,将两种技术结合用于腰椎翻修可以规避常规风险,但是翻修手术中这种新型双螺钉技术的力学性能尚不明确。
目的:利用有限元法分析皮质骨轨迹置钉、改良皮质骨轨迹置钉技术在腰椎翻修术中联合固定的力学性能,并探讨改良皮质骨轨迹置钉相比皮质骨轨迹置钉在翻修术中的优势。 
方法:根据计算机断层扫描数据建立L1-5椎体、终板椎间盘三维模型,在椎体模型中按传统轨迹椎弓根置钉技术进行置钉,按螺钉骨面接触形式不同分为传统轨迹初始组和松动组,并用改良皮质骨轨迹螺钉、皮质骨轨迹螺钉在传统轨迹松动组上进行翻修,对腰椎重新固定。利用有限元法分析改良皮质骨轨迹置钉、皮质骨轨迹置钉在翻修术中的力学性能。
结果与结论:①在前屈、后伸、侧弯、轴向旋转工况下,皮质骨轨迹翻修组相比对照组运动范围分别降低31.97%,29.15%,15.12%,29.63%,固定节段椎间盘应力分别降低15.44%,78.67%,54.36%,40.55%;②改良皮质骨轨迹翻修组相比对照组,运动范围分别降低32.16%,29.33%,15.47%,31.42%,固定节段椎间盘应力分别降低16.25%,83.00%,64.82%,45.83%;③改良皮质骨轨迹翻修组相比皮质骨轨迹翻修组运动范围分别降低0.28%,0.25%,0.40%,2.54%,固定节段椎间盘应力分别降低0.96%,20.25%,22.91%,8.88%,固定节段椎体应力分别降低15.78%,4.75%,11.22%,7.42%,钉棒内固定系统应力分别降低0.15%,9.80%,1.04%,0.84%;④提示皮质骨轨迹置钉和改良皮质骨轨迹置钉技术在腰椎翻修术中均能有效提升固定节段的力学稳定性,且改良皮质骨轨迹置钉的综合性能更优,为临床腰椎翻修提供了新的技术选择。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 双螺钉技术, 改良皮质骨轨迹置钉, 皮质骨轨迹置钉, 翻修手术, 内固定, 腰椎, 骨质疏松, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, in clinical practice, the original internal fixation devices are often removed to perform revision surgery for failed vertebral fixation, which poses certain drawbacks and risks. The pedicle double-screw technique can preserve the original internal fixation devices, while the modified cortical bone trajectory technique offers excellent mechanical performance. Combining these two techniques for revision surgery can mitigate the conventional risks, although the mechanical performance of this new modified cortical bone trajectory technique in revision surgery is not yet well understood. 
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical performance of the cortical bone trajectory and modified cortical bone trajectory techniques in combined fixation during lumbar revision surgery using finite element analysis, and to explore the advantages of modified cortical bone trajectory over cortical bone trajectory in revision surgery.  
METHODS: A three-dimensional model of the L1 to L5 vertebrae and intervertebral discs was created based on computed tomography scan data. In this model, screws were placed using the traditional trajectory pedicle screw technique. The traditional trajectory initial group and loosening group were distinguished based on the contact form of the screw-bone surface. Modified cortical bone trajectory and cortical bone trajectory screws were used to perform revision screw placement on the loosening group of the traditional trajectory, re-fixing the lumbar spine. Finite element analysis was employed to assess the mechanical performance of modified cortical bone trajectory and cortical bone trajectory in revision surgery.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation conditions, the range of motion of the cortical bone trajectory revision group decreased by 31.97%, 29.15%, 15.12%, and 29.63% compared with the control group, respectively. The stress on the fixed segment intervertebral discs decreased by 15.44%, 78.67%, 54.36%, and 40.55%. (2) The modified cortical bone trajectory revision group showed a decrease in range of motion by 32.16%, 29.33%, 15.47%, and 31.42%, and the stress on the fixed segment intervertebral discs decreased by 16.25%, 83.00%, 64.82%, and 45.83%. (3) Compared with cortical bone trajectory, the modified cortical bone trajectory revision group showed a decrease in range of motion by 0.28%, 0.25%, 0.40%, and 2.54%, and the stress on the fixed segment intervertebral discs decreased by 0.96%, 20.25%, 22.91%, and 8.88%. Additionally, the stress on the fixed segment vertebral bodies decreased by 15.78%, 4.75%, 11.22%, and 7.42%, and the stress on the internal fixation system decreased by 0.15%, 9.80%, 1.04%, and 0.84%. (4) Both cortical bone trajectory and modified cortical bone trajectory techniques effectively enhance the mechanical stability of the fixed segment in lumbar revision surgery, with modified cortical bone trajectory offering superior overall performance, providing a new technical option for clinical revision. 

Key words: double screw technique, modified cortical bone trajectory nail, cortical bone trajectory nail, revision surgery, internal fixation, lumbar spine, osteoporosis, finite element analysis

中图分类号: