中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (16): 4105-4114.doi: 10.12307/2026.714

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

游泳运动与益生菌调控2型糖尿病模型大鼠肾组织抗炎及凋亡基因的表达

牛  琦1，陈俊吉2，涂海宁2，莫伟彬3，4，钟雨金3，李明亮3   

  1. 1湖南信息学院，湖南省长沙市  410151；2桂林学院体育与健康学院，广西壮族自治区桂林市  541006；3广西师范大学体育与健康学院，广西壮族自治区桂林市  541006；4药用资源化学与药物分子工程国家重点实验室，广西壮族自治区桂林市  541004

  • 收稿日期:2025-04-22 接受日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2026-06-08 发布日期:2025-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 陈俊吉，硕士，副教授，桂林学院体育与健康学院，广西壮族自治区桂林市 541006 共同通迅作者：莫伟彬，博士，教授，广西师范大学体育与健康学院，广西壮族自治区桂林市 541006；药用资源化学与药物分子工程国家重点实验室，广西壮族自治区桂林市 541004
  • 作者简介:牛琦，女，1990年生，讲师，2024年菲律宾亚当森大学毕业，博士，主要从事运动训练与生理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广西教育厅科研项目(2021KY1596)，项目负责人：陈俊吉；广西师范大学教育发展基金会“教师成长基金”项目(EDF2016005)，项目负责人：莫伟彬

Effect of swimming exercise combined with probiotic intervention on anti-inflammatory and apoptotic gene expression in renal tissue of type 2 diabetic rats

Niu Qi1, Chen Junji2, Tu Haining2, Mo Weibin3, 4, Zhong Yujin3, Li Mingliang3   

  1. 1Hunan University of Information Technology, Changsha 410151, Hunan Province, China; 2Guilin University of Physical Education and Health, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 3College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 4State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2025-04-22 Accepted:2025-08-25 Online:2026-06-08 Published:2025-11-27
  • Contact: Chen Junji, MS, Associate professor, Guilin University of Physical Education and Health, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China Co-corresponding author: Mo Weibin, PhD, Professor, College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Niu Qi, PhD, Hunan University of Information Technology, Changsha 410151, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangxi Department of Education Research Project, No. 2021KY1596 (to CJJ); Education Development Foundation of Guangxi Normal University - “Teacher Growth Fund,” No. EDF2016005 (to MWB)

PDF

4

摘要：


文题释义：
益生菌：是指活的微生物，当摄入足够数量时，能改善宿主(如人体或动物)肠道菌群平衡。研究已从单一菌株功能探索转向菌群-宿主，其应用正从疾病治疗延伸至健康促进与疾病预防，是多学科交叉的热点领域。益生菌研究揭示了微生物组与健康的核心关联，其从“传统发酵产物”到“精准医疗工具”的演变，体现了人类对共生关系的认知深化。
P53：是一种肿瘤抑制蛋白，由 TP53基因编码，在调控细胞周期、DNA修复、细胞凋亡和抑制癌症中起核心作用，被誉为“基因组守护者”。近年来，研究聚焦于P53与其他信号通路(如Hippo、自噬)的交互作用，及其在肿瘤微环境、免疫逃逸中的功能。此外，P53在衰老相关疾病(如动脉粥样硬化)及再生医学(如干细胞调控)中的作用也逐渐受到关注。

背景：2型糖尿病常伴随肾脏炎症及细胞凋亡，导致糖尿病肾病，运动训练联合益生菌对糖尿病肾病一定效果，但作用机制尚未阐明。
目的：探讨游泳运动和益生菌对2型糖尿病大鼠肾功能、肾组织细胞凋亡及炎症因子的影响。
方法：60只8周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠，随机选择10只大鼠为正常组，50只造模组大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病模型，选取40只造模成功大鼠再随机分为糖尿病组、游泳运动组、益生菌组、游泳运动+益生菌组(联合干预组)，每组10只。游泳运动组和联合干预组大鼠每天进行1次无负重游泳运动，每周训练6 d，第1周前3 d游泳时间分别为 15，25，40 min，第4天开始每天游泳60 min，共训练6周；益生菌组和联合干预组在训练前1 h灌胃10.0 mL/(kg·d)益生菌溶液(浓度为107 CFU/mL)。干预结束后测定大鼠肾功能指标、凋亡基因表达、炎症因子水平及蛋白表达。
结果与结论：①联合干预组大鼠空腹血糖水平低于糖尿病组(P < 0.01)；游泳运动组、益生菌组、联合干预组大鼠尿微量白蛋白水平均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.01)；游泳运动组和联合干预组大鼠血清尿素氮水平均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.01)；联合干预组大鼠血肌酐、血清胱抑素C水平均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.01)；②游泳运动组、益生菌组、联合干预组大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β、核因子κB抑制蛋白α和超敏C-反应蛋白水平均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)；联合干预组大鼠白细胞介素6水平低于糖尿病组、游泳运动组和益生菌组(P < 0.01)；③游泳运动组、益生菌组、联合干预组大鼠Bax、Caspase-3和P53表达均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)；游泳运动组、益生菌组和联合干预组大鼠Bcl-2表达均高于糖尿病组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)；④益生菌组与联合干预组大鼠核转录因子κB蛋白表达均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.05)；联合干预组大鼠Toll样受体4蛋白表达低于糖尿病组(P < 0.05)；益生菌组与联合干预组大鼠白细胞介素17蛋白表达均低于糖尿病组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。结果表明，游泳运动和益生菌干预可以降低血糖、改善肾功能指标和抑制肾脏炎症反应，从而达到保护肾脏的作用，其保护作用可能与核转录因子κB、Toll样受体4和白细胞介素17调控细胞炎症以及抑制细胞凋亡因子Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3和P53有关。游泳运动联合益生菌干预效果优于游泳运动和益生菌单独作用。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5175-5415(牛琦)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 游泳运动, 益生菌, 2型糖尿病, 肾脏组织, 炎症因子, 凋亡基因

Abstract: ACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often accompanied by renal inflammation and cellular apoptosis, contributing to diabetic nephropathy. However, the mechanistic interplay of combined swimming exercise and probiotic intervention in this context remains to be fully elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of swimming exercise and probiotics on renal function level, renal tissue apoptosis and inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetic rats.
METHODS: There were 60 SPF grade male Sprague-Dawley rats at 8 weeks of age. Ten rats were randomly selected as the normal group, and 50 rats in the modeling group were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin to establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Forty rats successfully molded were selected and randomly divided into the diabetic group, the swimming exercise group, the probiotic group, the swimming exercise + probiotics group (combined intervention group), with 10 animals in each group. The rats in the swimming exercise and combined intervention groups were subjected to weightless swimming exercise once a day for 6 days per week, with swimming times of 15, 25 and 40 minutes in the first 3 days of the first week, and 60 minutes per day starting from the 4th day, for a total of 6 weeks of training. The rats in the probiotic and combined intervention groups were gavaged with a solution of 10.0 mL/kg/d PiLeJe probiotic bacteria (at a concentration of 107 CFU/mL) for 1 hour prior to the training. Kidney function indexes, apoptotic gene expression, inflammatory factor indexes and protein expression were measured.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The fasting blood glucose levels of rats in the combined intervention group were lower than those in the diabetic group (P < 0.01). The urinary microalbumin levels of rats in the swimming exercise group, probiotic group, and combined intervention group were all lower than those in the diabetic group (P < 0.01). The serum urea nitrogen levels of rats in the swimming exercise group and combined intervention group were both lower than those in the diabetic group (P < 0.01). The serum creatinine and cystatin C levels of rats in the combined intervention group were both lower than those in the diabetic group (P < 0.01). (2) The levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, nuclear factor κB inhibitory protein α, and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein were lower in the swimming exercise, probiotic, and combined intervention groups than in the diabetic group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In addition, the level of interleukin 6 was lower in the combined intervention group than the diabetic, swimming exercise and probiotic groups (P < 0.01). (3) The expression of Bax, Caspase-3 and P53 was lower in the swimming exercise, probiotic and combined intervention groups than the diabetic group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The expression of Bcl-2 was higher in the swimming exercise, probiotic and combined intervention groups than the diabetic group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (4) The protein expression of nuclear transcription factor κB was lower in the probiotic and combined intervention groups than in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). Toll-like receptor 4 protein expression was lower in the combined intervention group than in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). The protein expression of interleukin 17 was lower in the probiotic and combined intervention groups than in the diabetic group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). To conclude, swimming exercise and probiotic intervention could reduce blood glucose, improve renal function indexes and inhibit renal inflammatory response, so as to achieve the protection of renal function. The protective effect of the combined intervention may be related to the involvement of inflammatory factors nuclear transcription factor κB, Toll-like receptor 4 and interleukin 17 in the regulation of cellular inflammation and inhibition of apoptotic factors Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and P53. And the effect of swimming exercise combined with probiotic intervention is superior to that of swimming exercise or probiotics alone.

Key words: swimming exercise, probiotics, type 2 diabetes mellitus, kidney tissue, inflammatory factors, apoptotic genes

中图分类号: