中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (35): 9239-9247.doi: 10.12307/2026.468

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

Ⅵ型胶原蛋白:骨稳态与工程应用中的多功能调控因子

董士铭1,2,谢祯子3,陶荣荣4,买尔旦·买买提2,马海蓉1,5   

  1. 新疆医科大学第一附属医院,1临床医学研究院,2脊柱骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054;新疆医科大学,3基础医学院,5药学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054;4合肥市第一人民医院滨湖医院感染科,安徽省合肥市   230092
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-18 修回日期:2026-03-02 出版日期:2026-12-18 发布日期:2026-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 马海蓉,博士,研究员,新疆医科大学第一附属医院临床医学研究院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054;新疆医科大学药学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054 并列通讯作者:买尔旦·买买提,硕士,主任医师,新疆医科大学第一附属医院脊柱骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:董士铭,男,1987年生,安徽省合肥市人,汉族,新疆医科大学脊柱骨科在读硕士,主要从事骨质疏松症方面研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82060411),项目负责人:马海蓉;新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2021D01D21),项目负责人:马海蓉

Type VI collagen: a multifunctional regulator in bone homeostasis and tissue engineering

Dong Shiming1, 2, Xie Zhenzi3, Tao Rongrong4, Mardan·Mamat2, Ma Hairong1, 5   

  1. 1Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, 2Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 4Infectious Diseases Department, Binhu Hospital, Hefei First People’s Hospital, Hefei 230092, Anhui Province, China; 5School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China 
  • Received:2025-11-18 Revised:2026-03-02 Online:2026-12-18 Published:2026-04-28
  • Contact: Ma Hairong, MD, Researcher, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Co-corresponding author: Mardan·Mamat, MS, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Dong Shiming, MS candidate, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82060411 (to MHR); Key Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation, No. 2021D01D21 (to MHR)

摘要:



文题释义:
Ⅵ型胶原蛋白:是一类由3条不同的α链[主要是α1(Ⅵ)、α2(Ⅵ)、α3(Ⅵ)]组成异源三聚体,形成独特串珠样微纤维结构的胶原蛋白家族成员,广泛分布于多种结缔组织中,具有高弹性、柔韧性、结构稳定等特点,在维持组织结构完整性、细胞锚定及信号传导中发挥重要作用,并与多种肌肉疾病和纤维化病变密切相关。
骨骼系统:是由骨、关节及相关软骨共同构成的坚硬且有活性的结构框架,分布于全身各处,具有支撑身体、保护内脏、杠杆运动、储存矿物质及造血等功能,是维持机体形态、保障运动和保护内部器官的基础,骨骼系统发育异常、代谢失衡或损伤可导致畸形、骨质疏松、关节炎等多种疾病。

背景:Ⅵ型胶原蛋白作为细胞外基质的关键结构蛋白,其独特的四聚体微纤维网络对骨骼发育、稳态维持及修复具有重要作用。近年研究发现,Ⅵ型胶原蛋白表达异常与骨质疏松、骨关节炎及骨肿瘤等骨骼疾病密切相关,但它的多维度调控机制与转化应用潜力仍需系统总结。
目的:综述Ⅵ型胶原蛋白在骨骼系统中的结构特征与生物学功能,阐明Ⅵ型胶原蛋白在骨骼疾病中的作用机制,并探讨Ⅵ型胶原蛋白在生物标志物开发、组织工程材料构建及治疗靶点设计等方面的转化应用前景。
方法:系统检索1982年1月至2025年5月PubMed、Web of Science、Elsevier及中国知网等中英文数据库中的相关文献,纳入研究原著及综述等文献类型,排除重复及低质量文献。最终纳入69篇文献(英文文献68篇,中文文献1篇),并进行系统性内容整合与分析。
结果与结论:Ⅵ型胶原蛋白通过三重调控网络影响骨骼健康:①骨形成与吸收平衡:促进成骨细胞“基质桥”连接,抑制肿瘤坏死因子α/核因子κB p65亚基信号通路介导的破骨细胞活化;②疾病机制:在骨质疏松中,Ⅵ型胶原蛋白的α2链受到miR-128-2-5p的表观遗传学抑制;在骨关节炎早期,胞周基质发生降解;在骨肿瘤中,Ⅵ型胶原蛋白的α1链呈高表达;③转化应用:Ⅵ型胶原蛋白可增强支架材料的成骨效能;Ⅵ型胶原蛋白的特异性血清降解产物可作为纤维化疾病的诊断标志物;反义寡核苷酸技术已成功用于纠正剪接位点突变所致的异常剪接。Ⅵ型胶原蛋白是维持骨稳态的核心调控枢纽,通过整合细胞外基质的结构支撑与信号传导功能,调控骨形成与吸收的动态平衡。Ⅵ型胶原蛋白降解产物及组织分布模式可为骨骼疾病提供新型诊断标志物,而基因靶向治疗与Ⅵ型胶原蛋白增强型生物支架有望成为骨质疏松和骨缺损的创新性治疗策略。未来研究需突破组织靶向递送的技术瓶颈,并深化基于多组学的动态表达图谱研究。

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8625-8551 (董士铭) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: Ⅵ型胶原蛋白, 骨骼系统, 骨质疏松, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 细胞外基质

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As a key structural protein in the extracellular matrix, type VI collagen plays a critical role in skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair through its unique tetrameric microfibrillar network. Recent studies have revealed that aberrant expression of type VI collagen is closely associated with skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone tumors. However, its multidimensional regulatory mechanisms and translational potential remain to be systematically summarized.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the structural characteristics and biological functions of type VI collagen in the skeletal system, elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases, and explore its translational applications, including the development of biomarkers, construction of tissue-engineered materials, and design of therapeutic targets.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier ScienceDirect, and CNKI for relevant articles published from January 1982 to May 2025. Original research and review articles were included, while duplicates and low-quality publications were excluded. Ultimately, 69 articles (68 in English and 1 in Chinese) were included for systematic content integration and analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Type VI collagen influences skeletal health through a tripartite regulatory network: (1) Bone formation and resorption balance: it promotes matrix bridge-mediated osteoblast connectivity and inhibits osteoclast activation via the tumor necrosis factor-α/nuclear factor-κB p65 subunit signaling pathway; (2) Disease mechanisms: in osteoporosis, the α2 chain of type VI collagen is epigenetically suppressed by microRNA-128-2-5p; in early-stage osteoarthritis, pericellular matrix degradation occurs; in bone tumors, the α1 chain is highly expressed; (3) Translational applications: type VI collagen enhances the osteogenic efficacy of scaffold materials; its specific serum degradation products serve as diagnostic biomarkers for fibrotic diseases; antisense oligonucleotide technology has been successfully applied to correct aberrant splicing caused by splice-site mutations. Type VI collagen serves as a central hub in maintaining bone homeostasis by integrating structural support and signaling functions within the extracellular matrix, thereby regulating the dynamic balance between bone formation and resorption. Its degradation products and tissue distribution patterns offer novel diagnostic biomarkers for skeletal diseases, while gene-targeted therapies and type VI collagen-enhanced scaffolds represent promising innovative strategies for treating osteoporosis and bone defects. Future research should focus on overcoming technical challenges in tissue-targeted delivery and advancing dynamic expression profiling based on multi-omics approaches.


Key words: type VI collagen, skeletal system, osteoporosis, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, extracellular matrix

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